Molecular phylogenetics of Vandeae (Orchidaceae) and the evolution of leaflessness.

abstract：:Nuphar comprises 13 species of aquatic perennials distributed in the temperate Northern Hemisphere. The European species N. lutea and N. pumila in Norway, the Netherlands, and Germany are pollinated by bees and flies, including apparent Nuphar specialists. This contrasts with reports of predominant beetle pollination ...

journal_title：American journal of botany

authors： Lippok B,Gardine AA,Williamson PS,Renner SS

更新日期：2000-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A long-term survey (1990-2000) of pollination modes of 86 tree species was carried out at Kakachi, a mid-elevation wet forest site in southern Western Ghats, India. Observations were made on 86 tree species. This comprises 80% of the total arborescent species present in the site. Approximately 75% of these species wer...

journal_title：American journal of botany

authors： Devy MS,Davidar P

更新日期：2003-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：PREMISE OF THE STUDY:Self-incompatibility (SI) is a mechanism that prevents inbreeding in many plant species. The mutational breakdown of SI occurs frequently, yet relatively little is known about the evolutionary steps involved in the progressive loss of pistil and pollen SI function. METHODS:In Solanaceae, SI is the...

journal_title：American journal of botany

authors： Markova DN,Petersen JJ,Qin X,Short DR,Valle MJ,Tovar-Méndez A,McClure BA,Chetelat RT

更新日期：2016-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：PREMISE OF THE STUDY:The study of scaling examines the relative dimensions of diverse organismal traits. Understanding whether global scaling patterns are paralleled within species is key to identify causal factors of universal scaling. I examined whether the foliage-stem (Corner's rules), the leaf size-number, and the...

journal_title：American journal of botany

authors： Fajardo A

更新日期：2016-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Reproductive traits of tropical tree species vary predictably in relation to successional stage, but this variation may be due to the species' phylogenetic histories rather than selective pressures imposed by regeneration requirements. Reproductive phenology, tree size at the onset of reproduction, and fecundity of 11...

journal_title：American journal of botany

authors： Davies SJ,Ashton PS

更新日期：1999-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：PREMISE OF THE STUDY:The classification of the genus Salix has historically been intrinsically difficult due to its propensity toward plasticity and high variation in diagnostic morphological characters. We investigated leaf epidermal characteristics, focusing on the stomatal apparatus because it may provide critical i...

journal_title：American journal of botany

authors： Ghahremaninejad F,Khalili Z,Maassoumi AA,Mirzaie-Nodoushan H,Riahi M

更新日期：2012-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This study examined variation in two components of acorn production. Percentage of bearing ramets (stems) and number of acorns per bearing ramet were examined in five clonal oaks in three xeric habitats of south-central peninsular Florida in relation to ramet size within and between species and vegetative associations...

journal_title：American journal of botany

authors： Abrahamson WG,Layne JN

更新日期：2002-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Seeds are useful in distinguishing among extant genera of Vitaceae and provide a good basis for interpretation of fossil remains in reconstructing the evolutionary and phytogeographic history of this putatively basal Rosid family. Seeds of Ampelocissus s.l. including Pterisanthes and Nothocissus are distinguished from...

journal_title：American journal of botany

authors： Chen I,Manchester SR

更新日期：2007-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We propose a new method, the leaf measuring-interval index (LMI), to estimate leaf age in morphological and physiological studies of leaves. When the plastochron, the interval between the initiation of successive leaves, is constant, the well-known leaf plastochron index (LPI) provides a robust measure of leaf age. Wh...

journal_title：American journal of botany

authors： Chen CC,Chen H,Chen YR

更新日期：2009-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Caryophyllaceae is a principally holarctic family including around 2200 species often classified into the three subfamilies Alsinoideae, Caryophylloideae, and Paronychioideae. Complex and possibly homoplasious morphological characters within the family make taxa difficult to delimit and diagnose. To explore part of th...

journal_title：American journal of botany

authors： Fior S,Karis PO,Casazza G,Minuto L,Sala F

更新日期：2006-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：PREMISE OF THE STUDY:The evolution of metal tolerance in plants is an important model for studies of adaptation to environment, population genetics, and speciation. Here, we investigated nickel tolerance in the North American serpentine endemic Caulanthus amplexicaulis var. barbarae in comparison with its nonserpentine...

journal_title：American journal of botany

authors： Burrell AM,Hawkins AK,Pepper AE

更新日期：2012-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We examined the effect of inbreeding on fitness (through both male and female functions) and changes in self-fertility in the partially self-incompatible species Campanula rapunculoides. Individuals in natural populations of C. rapunculoides varied extensively in their strength of self-incompatibility (SI). We crossed...

journal_title：American journal of botany

authors： Good-Avila SV,Nagel T,Vogler DW,Stephenson AG

更新日期：2003-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Propagule banks are assumed to be able to store considerable genetic variability. Bryophyte populations are expected to rely more heavily on stored propagules than those of seed plants due to the vulnerability of the haploid gametophyte. This reliance has important implications for the genetic structure and evolutiona...

journal_title：American journal of botany

authors： Hock Z,Szövényi P,Schneller JJ,Tóth Z,Urmi E

更新日期：2008-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：PREMISE:Declines in reproductive capabilities with increasing age are common across the tree of life. However, in plants, mating system traits have rarely been tested for signs of senescence. Since reproduction is often resource limited, we might expect outcrossing and selfing taxa to allocate these resources different...

journal_title：American journal of botany

authors： Malagon DA,Roche MD,McElderry RM,Kalisz S

更新日期：2019-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The ultrastructure of Typha latifolia pollen was examined as a function of pollen moisture content and incubation temperature, in order to identify possible lesions induced by imbibitional chilling. A syndrome of structural traits was found which characterizes damaged grains. Compared to viable grains, the protoplas...

journal_title：American journal of botany

authors： Sack FD,Leopold AC,Hoekstra FA

更新日期：1988-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Chromosome numbers and karyotypes of species of Orobanche, Cistanche, and Diphelypaea (Orobanchaceae) were investigated, and 108 chromosome counts of 53 taxa, 19 counted for the first time, are presented with a thorough compilation of previously published data. Additionally, karyotypes of representatives of these gene...

journal_title：American journal of botany

authors： Schneeweiss GM,Palomeque T,Colwell AE,Weiss-Schneeweiss H

更新日期：2004-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：PREMISE OF THE STUDY:Geographic patterns of biodiversity have long inspired interest in processes that shape the assembly, diversity, and dynamics of communities at different spatial scales. To study mechanisms of community assembly, ecologists often compare spatial variation in community composition (beta-diversity) a...

journal_title：American journal of botany

authors： Burkle LA,Myers JA,Belote RT

更新日期：2016-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：PREMISE:Light is critical in the ability of plants to accumulate chlorophyll. When exposed to far-red (FR) light and then grown in white light in the absence of sucrose, wild-type seedlings fail to green in a response known as the FR block of greening (BOG). This response is controlled by phytochrome A through repressi...

journal_title：American journal of botany

authors： Alameldin HF,Oh S,Hernandez AP,Montgomery BL

更新日期：2020-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：PREMISE OF THE STUDY:Herbivory affects pollination success and reproductive output in plants. However, the different stages in the process from pollination to seed maturation have hardly been investigated within the context of herbivory. Herbivory might affect these stages via its effect on geitonogamous pollination an...

journal_title：American journal of botany

authors： Ghyselen C,Bonte D,Brys R

更新日期：2015-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：PREMISE OF THE STUDY:Microsatellite markers were developed for Petunia integrifolia subsp. depauperata with an intent to clarify taxonomic questions on the P. integrifolia complex, and to identify a purple-flowered parent of P. hybrida. METHODS AND RESULTS:We characterized 11 microsatellite loci by screening primers d...

journal_title：American journal of botany

authors： Kriedt RA,Ramos-Fregonezi AM,Beheregaray LB,Bonatto SL,Freitas LB

更新日期：2011-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：PREMISE OF THE STUDY:Uplift of the tropical Andes had a significant impact on the diversification of South American flora and fauna. Recent biogeographic inquiries have established patterns of Andean divergence, but investigations on ferns are scant. The fern genus Polystichum Roth (Dryopteridaceae) combines widespread...

journal_title：American journal of botany

authors： McHenry MA,Barrington DS

更新日期：2014-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The interaction between simulated cotyledon herbivory and interspecific competition was studied in a greenhouse experiment using two species of trees, Acer rubrum and Quercus palustris, which commonly invade abandoned agricultural fields. Herbivory treatments were applied as a gradient of cotyledon removal for A. rubr...

journal_title：American journal of botany

authors： Meiners SJ,Handel SN

更新日期：2000-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Six of 14 species of Triteleia were studied. All possess septal nectaries, raphides in the ovary wall, an anatropous and crassinucellate ovule with a micropyle formed by the inner integument only, and parietal cells. A short and thick nucellus, which is not penetrated by the embryo sac, has a one-layered apical epider...

journal_title：American journal of botany

authors： Berg RY

更新日期：2003-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Patterns of biodiversity are ultimately the product of speciation and extinction. Speciation serves as the biodiversity pump while extinction serves as the agent that culls global to local levels of biodiversity. Linking these central processes to global and local patterns of biodiversity is a key challenge in both ec...

journal_title：American journal of botany

authors： Swenson NG

更新日期：2011-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：PREMISE OF THE STUDY:Phylogenetic and morphological studies have helped clarify the systematics of large and complex groups such as the tribe Crotoneae (Euphorbiaceae). However, very little is known about the diversity, structure, and function of anatomical features in this tribe. Crotoneae comprises the species-rich p...

journal_title：American journal of botany

authors： Vitarelli NC,Riina R,Caruzo MB,Cordeiro I,Fuertes-Aguilar J,Meira RM

更新日期：2015-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The fresh weights of suspension cultures of pear (Pyrus communis) and quince (Cydonia oblonga) increased exponentially for 30 to 40 days after subculturing. Transferring pear cultures to media in which quince cultures had grown for 10 days resulted in a 70% inhibition of callus growth. Transferring quince cultures to ...

journal_title：American journal of botany

authors： Moore R

更新日期：1986-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Zeuxine gracilis, Zeuxine strateumatica, and Eulophia sinensis are wild orchids with different breeding systems and colonizing abilities. Zeuxine gracilis is an outcrosser with restricted distribution, whereas S. strateumatica is an apomictic colonizer found only in newly available open habitats. Eulophia sinensis is ...

journal_title：American journal of botany

authors： Sun M,Wong KC

更新日期：2001-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A detailed study of ascomal morphology and development in Cercophora palmicola showed that ontogeny is ascohymeniaceous, giving rise to an ostiolate perithecium. Ascomal initials consist of a coiled ascogonium surrounded by several layers of hyphae whose cells become pseudoparenchymatous. The centrum of the young asco...

journal_title：American journal of botany

authors： Hanlin RT

更新日期：1999-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：PREMISE OF THE STUDY:Over one-third of the native flowering plant species in the Hawaiian Islands are listed as federally threatened or endangered. Lack of sufficient pollination could contribute to reductions in populations, reproduction, and genetic diversity among these species but has been little studied. METHODS:...

journal_title：American journal of botany

authors： Aslan CE,Shiels AB,Haines W,Liang CT

更新日期：2019-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：PREMISE OF THE STUDY:Astragalus sect. Humillimi is distributed across the southwestern United States and contains two endangered taxa, A. cremnophylax var. cremnophylax and A. humillimus. The former was originally described from the South Rim of the Grand Canyon. Analysis of individuals discovered on the North Rim of t...

journal_title：American journal of botany

authors： Massatti R,Belus MT,Dowlatshahi S,Allan GJ

更新日期：2018-10-01 00:00:00