A new method to measure leaf age: Leaf measuring-interval index.

abstract：:Caryophyllaceae is a principally holarctic family including around 2200 species often classified into the three subfamilies Alsinoideae, Caryophylloideae, and Paronychioideae. Complex and possibly homoplasious morphological characters within the family make taxa difficult to delimit and diagnose. To explore part of th...

journal_title：American journal of botany

authors： Fior S,Karis PO,Casazza G,Minuto L,Sala F

更新日期：2006-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Eight ecosystems that were present in the Cretaceous about 100 Ma (million years ago) in the New World eventually developed into the 12 recognized for the modern Earth. Among the forcing mechanisms that drove biotic change during this interval was a decline in global temperatures toward the end of the Cretaceous, augm...

journal_title：American journal of botany

authors： Graham A

更新日期：2011-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Paniculate agaves from tropical deserts depend on nectar-feeding bats for their reproduction, while species from extratropical areas near the northern limit of Leptonycteris curasoae are pollinated by diurnal and nocturnal insects and birds. Agave angustifolia is a paniculate agave with a broad distribution in Mexico ...

journal_title：American journal of botany

authors： Molina-Freaner F,Eguiarte LE

更新日期：2003-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Chromosome numbers and karyotypes of species of Orobanche, Cistanche, and Diphelypaea (Orobanchaceae) were investigated, and 108 chromosome counts of 53 taxa, 19 counted for the first time, are presented with a thorough compilation of previously published data. Additionally, karyotypes of representatives of these gene...

journal_title：American journal of botany

authors： Schneeweiss GM,Palomeque T,Colwell AE,Weiss-Schneeweiss H

更新日期：2004-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Traditional farming communities frequently maintain high levels of agrobiodiversity, so understanding their agricultural practices is a priority for biodiversity conservation. The cultural origin of agave spirits (mezcals) from west-central Mexico is in the southern part of the state of Jalisco where traditional farme...

journal_title：American journal of botany

authors： Vargas-Ponce O,Zizumbo-Villarreal D,Martínez-Castillo J,Coello-Coello J,Colunga-Garcíamarín P

更新日期：2009-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：PREMISE OF THE STUDY:To enhance our knowledge of the diversity of microalgae, a phycological survey of the Canary Islands (Spain) was undertaken. Here we report the discovery of a (semi)terrestrial green filamentous alga isolated from a steep volcanic canyon on La Palma. This alga is continually exposed to changing wea...

journal_title：American journal of botany

authors： Caisová L,Reyes CP,Álamo VC,Quintana AM,Surek B,Melkonian M

更新日期：2015-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The relationship between near-infrared reflectance at 800 nm (NIRR) from leaves and characteristics of leaf structure known to affect photosynthesis was investigated in 48 species of alpine angiosperms. This wavelength was selected to discriminate the effects of leaf structure vs. chemical or water content on leaf ref...

journal_title：American journal of botany

authors： Slaton MR,Raymond Hunt E Jr,Smith WK

更新日期：2001-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：PREMISE:Distylous species possess two floral morphs with reciprocal positioning of stigmas and anthers that is hypothesized to promote disassortative pollination. Theoretical models predict equal morph frequencies, but many populations depart from the expected 1:1 ratio, a pattern that often correlates with asymmetric ...

journal_title：American journal of botany

authors： Matias R,Pérez-Barrales R,Consolaro H

更新日期：2020-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Natural recruitment of oaks appears to be declining throughout the northern hemisphere. Summer drought poses a potentially important barrier to oak recruitment in southern California. To evaluate this barrier, we grew evergreen Quercus agrifolia and deciduous Q. lobata from seeds near parental trees. We measured water...

journal_title：American journal of botany

authors： Mahall BE,Tyler CM,Cole ES,Mata C

更新日期：2009-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：PREMISE OF THE STUDY:Global change in temperature and soil nitrogen availability could affect plant community composition, potentially giving an advantage to invasive species compared to native species. We addressed how high temperatures affected CO2 assimilation parameters for invasive Phalaris arundinacea and a sedge...

journal_title：American journal of botany

authors： Waring EF,Holaday AS

更新日期：2017-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：PREMISE OF THE STUDY:The evolution of metal tolerance in plants is an important model for studies of adaptation to environment, population genetics, and speciation. Here, we investigated nickel tolerance in the North American serpentine endemic Caulanthus amplexicaulis var. barbarae in comparison with its nonserpentine...

journal_title：American journal of botany

authors： Burrell AM,Hawkins AK,Pepper AE

更新日期：2012-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：PREMISE OF THE STUDY:It has been hypothesized that two flower types permit flexible allocation of resources to female and male functions, yet empirical evidence for the sex-allocation hypothesis remains scarce in gynomonoecious species. To characterize resource allocation to pistillate and perfect flowers and allocatio...

journal_title：American journal of botany

authors： Mamut J,Xiong YZ,Tan DY,Huang SQ

更新日期：2017-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Xylem of the orchids studied provided unusually favorable material to demonstrate how conductive tissue evolves in monocotyledons. In the end walls of tracheary elements of many Orchidaceae, remnants of pit membranes were observed with scanning electron microscopy and minimally destructive methods. The full range from...

journal_title：American journal of botany

authors： Carlquist S,Schneider EL

更新日期：2006-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Understanding the role of geography and ecology in species divergence is central to the study of evolutionary diversification. We used climatic, geographic, and biological data from nine wild Andean tomato species to describe each species' ecological niche and to evaluate the likely ecological and geographical modes o...

journal_title：American journal of botany

authors： Nakazato T,Warren DL,Moyle LC

更新日期：2010-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Wind is a major ecological factor for plants and a major economical factor for forestry. Mechanical analyses have revealed that the multimodal dynamic behavior of trees is central to wind-tree interactions. Moreover, the trunk and branches influence dynamic modes, both in frequency and location. Because of the complex...

journal_title：American journal of botany

authors： Rodriguez M,Langre Ed,Moulia B

更新日期：2008-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：PREMISE OF THE STUDY:Collinsia was the subject of classic biosystematic studies by Garber and colleagues and is increasingly investigated to address major evolutionary questions. Lack of phylogenetic data from more than one gene region and one taxonomic exemplar has left relationships, diversity, and phytogeography of ...

journal_title：American journal of botany

authors： Baldwin BG,Kalisz S,Armbruster WS

更新日期：2011-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We assessed the effects of local environment on survival, growth, and development in six clones (genotypes) of Vallisneria americana grown at five sites in the Huron-Erie Corridor. Detrimental effects of local environment on plant performance (rate of clonal growth, leaf and root production, surface area of leaves and...

journal_title：American journal of botany

authors： Biernacki M,Lovett-Doust J

更新日期：1997-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：PREMISE OF THE STUDY:General relationships among functional traits have been identified across species, but the forces shaping these relationships remain largely unknown. Adopting an approach from evolutionary biology, we studied similarities and differences in intrapopulation trait correlations among locally co-occurr...

journal_title：American journal of botany

authors： Messier J,Violle C,Enquist BJ,Lechowicz MJ,McGill BJ

更新日期：2018-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：UNLABELLED: PREMISE OF THE STUDY:Microsatellite markers were developed in an alpine plant endemic to the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau, Androsace tapete, to investigate its spatial genetic structure, gene flow, and mating patterns. • METHODS AND RESULTS:Using the combined biotin capture method, 16 microsatellite primer set...

journal_title：American journal of botany

authors： Zeng L,Li Z,Tashi T,Chen J,Zhong Y,Geng Y

更新日期：2010-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This paper reports the frequency of spontaneous amphiploids or neopolyploids in experimental interspecific hybrids in two annual sections of Gilia (Polemoniaceae, sects. Arachnion and Gilia, x = 9). In each section the species were intercrossed in numerous hybrid combinations to obtain an array of F1 hybrid types; sev...

journal_title：American journal of botany

authors： Grant V

更新日期：2002-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The recent consensus that Amborellaceae, Nymphaeales, and Austrobaileyales form the three earliest-diverging lineages of angiosperms has led comparative biologists to reconsider the origin and early developmental evolution of the angiosperm seven-celled/eight-nucleate (Polygonum-type) female gametophyte. Illicium mexi...

journal_title：American journal of botany

authors： Williams JH,Friedman WE

更新日期：2004-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The boreotropical flora concept suggests that relictual tropical disjunctions between Asia and the Americas are a result of the expansion of the circumboreal tropical flora from the middle to the close of the Eocene. Subsequently, temperate species diverged at high latitudes and migrated to other continents. To test t...

journal_title：American journal of botany

authors： Azuma H,García-Franco JG,Rico-Gray V,Thien LB

更新日期：2001-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In an age of rapid global change, it is imperative that we continue to improve our understanding of factors that govern genetic differentiation in plants to inform biologically reasonable predictions for the future and enlighten conservation and restoration practices. In this special issue, we have assembled a set of ...

journal_title：American journal of botany

authors： Etterson JR,Schneider HE,Gorden NL,Weber JJ

更新日期：2016-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The taxonomic richness of seed plants at different taxonomic levels was compared between temperate East Asia and North America at both continental and semi-continental scales. In each comparison, land area and latitude range were adjusted to a comparable level between the two continental regions. East Asia is signific...

journal_title：American journal of botany

authors： Qian H

更新日期：2002-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Bumble bee pollinated Chamaecrista fasciculata provides pollen as the sole reward to its pollinators. Male sterility, expressed as an absence or nearly complete absence of pollen production, occurs in low frequency in populations of C. fasciculata. Here we describe experiments, using C. fasciculata, to examine frequen...

journal_title：American journal of botany

authors： Williams HL,Fenster CB

更新日期：1998-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The desert moss Syntrichia caninervis exhibits one of the most skewed sex ratios in the plant kingdom, with female individuals far outnumbering male individuals (exceeding 14♀:1♂). The "cost of sex hypothesis" derives from allocational theory and predicts that the sex which is most expensive should be the rarer sex. T...

journal_title：American journal of botany

authors： Stark LR,Mishler BD,McLetchie DN

更新日期：2000-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Based on positive results for 11 of 17 species included in an anatomical survey of tree roots, we concluded that the origin of adventitious branch roots (ABR) on established, undisturbed woody parental root axes is a widespread occurrence. ABR were morphologically indistinguishable from branch roots formed in primary ...

journal_title：American journal of botany

authors： Paolillo DJ Jr,Bassuk NL

更新日期：2005-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:To determine the effects of density, genotype, and their interaction on individual seed mass in Raphanus sativus L., we replicated maternal and paternal families of seed across two planting densities in an experimental garden. Seeds were produced by a nested breeding design performed in the greenhouse. Among garden-ra...

journal_title：American journal of botany

authors： Mazer SJ,Wolfe LM

更新日期：1992-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We used the chloroplast gene ndhF to reconstruct the phylogeny of the moonseed family (Menispermaceae), a morphologically diverse and poorly known cosmopolitan family of dioecious, primarily climbing plants. This study includes a worldwide sample of DNA sequences for 88 species representing 49 of the 70 genera of all ...

journal_title：American journal of botany

authors： Ortiz Rdel C,Kellogg EA,Werff HV

更新日期：2007-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：PREMISE OF THE STUDY:Species differ in their temperature germination niche. Populations of a species may similarly differ across the distribution range of the species. Anticipating the impacts of climate variability and change requires understanding the differential sensitivity to germination temperature among and with...

journal_title：American journal of botany

authors： Chamorro D,Luna B,Moreno JM

更新日期：2017-01-01 00:00:00