Abstract：
BACKGROUND:Little information exists regarding the impact of Medicare Part D on generic drug use. OBJECTIVE:To examine changes in the use of generic prescriptions attributable to Part D among a sample of Medicare beneficiaries. DESIGN, PARTICIPANTS, AND MEASUREMENTS:Difference-in-difference analysis of pharmacy claims of Part D enrollees and non-enrollees aged 67-79 years from 2005 to 2006. The final sample represented approximately 2.4 million unique subjects. Analyses were conducted separately for major therapeutic classes, limited to subjects filling at least one prescription within the class during 2005 and 2006, and adjusted for subject characteristics, prescription characteristics, socio-demographic characteristics measured through zipcode-linked Census data, baseline differences between Part D and non-Part D enrollees, and secular trends in generic use. RESULTS:Generic drugs accounted for 58% of total prescriptions. Among the entire group of beneficiaries, there was a trend of increased generic drug use in 13 out of 15 drug classes examined. However, after adjusting for potential confounders, the growth rate of generic drug use was lower among Part D enrollees than among non-enrollees; enrollees were slightly less likely to fill prescriptions for generic drugs vs. brand-name drugs in 2006 compared to 2005 (odds ratio 0.95, 95% confidence interval 0.94-0.95). CONCLUSIONS:Despite secular trends of increased utilization of generic drugs among both Part D enrollees and non-enrollees, the net impact of Part D among these beneficiaries was a modest decrease in the use of generic drugs. This finding, which is consistent with economic theory but contrary to several recent reports, highlights the complexity of assessing the impact of Part D on overall consumer welfare.
journal_name
J Gen Intern Medjournal_title
Journal of general internal medicineauthors
Zhang JX,Yin W,Sun SX,Alexander GCdoi
10.1007/s11606-008-0742-6subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2008-10-01 00:00:00pages
1673-8issue
10eissn
0884-8734issn
1525-1497journal_volume
23pub_type
杂志文章abstract：BACKGROUND:The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) emerged in December 2019 and posed numerous challenges to China's health system. Almost 4 million primary care practitioners (PCPs) participated in controlling the outbreak. However, PCPs' barriers to and experience of the epidemic control remain unknown and are essent...
journal_title：Journal of general internal medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11606-020-06107-3
更新日期：2020-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Physicians and patients increasingly use social media technologies, such as Facebook, Twitter, and weblogs (blogs), both professionally and personally. Amidst recent reports of physician misbehavior online, as well as concerns about social media's potential negative effect on trust in the medical profession, several n...
journal_title：Journal of general internal medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
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更新日期：2013-02-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Journal of general internal medicine
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journal_title：Journal of general internal medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
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abstract：BACKGROUND:Racial and ethnic minority groups have lower levels of leisure-time physical activity (LTPA) than whites, but it is unclear how much of this is explained by differences in socioeconomic status and health. OBJECTIVE:To examine differences in LTPA, work-related physical activity (WRPA; heavy household chores ...
journal_title：Journal of general internal medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1525-1497.2005.40198.x
更新日期：2005-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Electronic prescribing (e-prescribing) has the potential to improve the safety and efficiency of medication use, but uptake of e-prescribing in community-based settings has been limited to date. In April 2004, 2 large insurers in Massachusetts began a program to fund e-prescribing systems for targeted clinic...
journal_title：Journal of general internal medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
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更新日期：2008-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：INTRODUCTION:We present a case of a foramen magnum meningioma that highlights the importance of the neurologic exam when evaluating a patient with dysphagia. A 58-year-old woman presented with an 18-month history of progressive dysphagia, chronic cough and 30-pound weight loss. Prior gastroenterologic and laryngologic ...
journal_title：Journal of general internal medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
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journal_title：Journal of general internal medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1525-1497.1999.00306.x
更新日期：1999-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Little is known about how primary care clinicians (PCCs) approach chronic pain management in the current climate of rapidly changing guidelines and the growing body of research about risks and benefits of opioid therapy. OBJECTIVE:To better understand PCCs' approaches to managing patients with chronic pain ...
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journal_title：Journal of general internal medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
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journal_title：Journal of general internal medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1525-1497.2001.00214.x
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更新日期：2003-05-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Journal of general internal medicine
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更新日期：1995-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Post-hospital discharge follow-up appointments are intended to evaluate patients' recovery following a hospitalization, but it is unclear how appointment statuses are associated with readmissions. OBJECTIVE:To examine the association between post-discharge ambulatory follow-up status, (1) having a scheduled...
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doi：10.1007/s11606-020-06328-6
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journal_title：Journal of general internal medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s11606-013-2665-0
更新日期：2014-02-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Journal of general internal medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1525-1497.1998.00164.x
更新日期：1998-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:To practice Evidence-Based Medicine (EBM), physicians must quickly retrieve evidence to inform medical decisions. Internal Medicine (IM) residents receive little formal education in electronic database searching, and have identified poor searching skills as a barrier to practicing EBM. OBJECTIVE:To design a...
journal_title：Journal of general internal medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
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更新日期：2007-12-01 00:00:00
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doi：10.1111/j.1525-1497.2005.00296.x
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pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1525-1497.1998.00121.x
更新日期：1998-06-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Journal of general internal medicine
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更新日期：2002-11-01 00:00:00
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pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
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更新日期：2018-01-01 00:00:00
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更新日期：2019-09-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Journal of general internal medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
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更新日期：2012-02-01 00:00:00
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pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1525-1497.2006.00532.x
更新日期：2006-08-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Journal of general internal medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,多中心研究
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更新日期：2007-09-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Journal of general internal medicine
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更新日期：2002-08-01 00:00:00
