Abstract：
:Currently, there is considerable controversy regarding the degree to which top-down control can affect attentional capture by salient events. According to the contingent capture hypothesis, attentional capture by a salient stimulus is contingent on a match between the properties of the stimulus and top-down attentional control settings. In contrast, bottom-up saliency accounts argue that the initial capture of attention is determined solely by the relative salience of the stimulus, and the effect of top-down attentional control is limited to effects on the duration of attentional engagement on the capturing stimulus. In the present study, we tested these competing accounts by utilizing the N2pc event-related potential component to track the locus of attention during an attentional capture task. The results were completely consistent with the contingent capture hypothesis: An N2pc wave was elicited only by distractors that possessed the target-defining attribute. In a second experiment, we expanded upon this finding by exploring the effect of target-distractor similarity on the duration that attention dwells at the distractor location. In this experiment, only distractors possessing the target-defining attribute (color) captured visuospatial attention to their location and the N2pc increased in duration and in magnitude when the capture distractor also shared a second target attribute (category membership). Finally, in three additional control experiments, we replicated the finding of an N2pc generated by distractors, only if they shared the target-defining attribute. Thus, our results demonstrate that attentional control settings influence both which stimuli attract attention and to what extent they are processed.
journal_name
J Cogn Neuroscijournal_title
Journal of cognitive neuroscienceauthors
Leblanc E,Prime DJ,Jolicoeur Pdoi
10.1162/jocn.2008.20051subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2008-04-01 00:00:00pages
657-71issue
4eissn
0898-929Xissn
1530-8898journal_volume
20pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:Current computational and neuroscientific models of decision-making posit a discrete, serial processing distinction between upstream decisional stages and downstream processes of motor-response implementation. We investigated this framework in the context of two-alternative forced-choice tasks on linguistic stimuli, w...
journal_title：Journal of cognitive neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1162/jocn_a_01606
更新日期：2020-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The goal of the present study was to investigate the electrophysiological correlates of second-language (L2) morphosyntactic processing in highly proficient late learners of an L2 with long exposure to the L2 environment. ERPs were collected from 22 English-Spanish late learners while they read sentences in which morp...
journal_title：Journal of cognitive neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1162/jocn.2009.21304
更新日期：2010-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Emotional attention, the boosting of the processing of emotionally relevant stimuli, has, up to now, mainly been investigated within a sensory modality, for instance, by using emotional pictures to modulate visual attention. In real-life environments, however, humans typically encounter simultaneous input to several d...
journal_title：Journal of cognitive neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1162/jocn.2009.21110
更新日期：2009-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Visual object recognition is performed effortlessly by humans notwithstanding the fact that it requires a series of complex computations, which are, as yet, not well understood. Here, we tested a novel account of the representations used for visual recognition and their neural correlates using fMRI. The rationale is b...
journal_title：Journal of cognitive neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1162/jocn_a_01420
更新日期：2019-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Two patients with residual nonfluent aphasia after ischemic stroke received an intention treatment that was designed to shift intention and language production mechanisms from the frontal lobe of the damaged left hemisphere to the right frontal lobe. Consistent with experimental hypotheses, the first patient showed im...
journal_title：Journal of cognitive neuroscience
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1162/0898929053279487
更新日期：2005-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We present results from a study demonstrating that high- and low-span listeners show qualitatively different brain responses when comprehending simple active sentences. Participants listened to naturally produced sentences in three conditions in which the plausibility of thematic relations was manipulated, for instanc...
journal_title：Journal of cognitive neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1162/jocn.2009.21400
更新日期：2010-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In two experiments participants read words and pseudowords that belonged to either large or small lexical neighborhoods while event-related brain potentials (ERPs) were recorded from their scalps. In Experiment 1, participants made speeded lexical decisions to all items, while in Experiment 2 they engaged in a go/no-g...
journal_title：Journal of cognitive neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1162/089892902760191153
更新日期：2002-08-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Visual dual-stream theory posits that two distinct neural pathways of specific functional significance originate from primary visual areas and reach the inferior temporal (ventral) and posterior parietal areas (dorsal). However, there are several unresolved questions concerning the fundamental aspects of this theory. ...
journal_title：Journal of cognitive neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1162/jocn_a_01527
更新日期：2020-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Language comprehension in everyday life requires the continuous integration of prior discourse context and general world knowledge with the current utterance or sentence. In the neurolinguistic literature, these so-called situation model building processes have been ascribed to the prefrontal cortex or to the right he...
journal_title：Journal of cognitive neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1162/0898929053747658
更新日期：2005-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Impaired retrieval of conceptual knowledge for actions has been associated with lesions of left premotor, left parietal, and left middle temporal areas [Tranel, D., Kemmerer, D., Adolphs, R., Damasio, H., & Damasio, A. R. Neural correlates of conceptual knowledge for actions. Cognitive Neuropsychology, 409-432, 2003]....
journal_title：Journal of cognitive neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1162/jocn.2007.19.6.1004
更新日期：2007-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Perceptual learning is sometimes characterized by rapid improvements in performance within the first hour of training (fast perceptual learning), which may be accompanied by changes in sensory and/or response pathways. Here, we report rapid physiological changes in the human auditory system that coincide with learning...
journal_title：Journal of cognitive neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1162/jocn.2009.21279
更新日期：2010-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The macaque FEFs and the lateral intraparietal area (LIP) are high-level cortical areas involved in both spatial attention and oculomotor behavior. Stimulating FEF at a level below the threshold for evoking saccades increases fMRI activity and gamma power in area LIP, but the precise effect exerted by the FEF on LIP n...
journal_title：Journal of cognitive neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1162/jocn_a_00591
更新日期：2014-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The processing of auditory spatial information in cortical areas of the human brain outside of the primary auditory cortex remains poorly understood. Here we investigated the role of the superior temporal gyrus (STG) and the occipital cortex (OC) in spatial hearing using repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (r...
journal_title：Journal of cognitive neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1162/089892904970834
更新日期：2004-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Contextual modulation reported in early- to intermediate-level visual areas could be an essential component to signal border ownership (BO) that specifies the direction of figure along a contour. The surrounding regions that evoke significant suppression or facilitation are highly localized and asymmetric with respect...
journal_title：Journal of cognitive neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1162/jocn.2006.18.4.562
更新日期：2006-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The neural mechanisms that mediate metacognitive ability (the capacity to accurately reflect on one's own cognition and experience) remain poorly understood. An important question is whether metacognitive capacity is a domain-general skill supported by a core neuroanatomical substrate or whether regionally specific ne...
journal_title：Journal of cognitive neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1162/jocn_a_00741
更新日期：2015-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Divided attention (DA) disrupts episodic encoding, but has little effect on episodic retrieval. Furthermore, normal aging is associated with episodic memory impairments, and when young adults are made to encode information under DA conditions, their memory performance is reduced and resembles that of old adults workin...
journal_title：Journal of cognitive neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1162/089892900562598
更新日期：2000-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A common complaint of normal aging is the increase in word-finding failures such as tip-of-the-tongue states (TOTs). Behavioral research identifies TOTs as phonological retrieval failures, and recent findings [Shafto, M. A., Burke, D. M., Stamatakis, E. A., Tam, P., & Tyler, L. K. On the tip-of-the-tongue: Neural corr...
journal_title：Journal of cognitive neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1162/jocn.2009.21321
更新日期：2010-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Abstract Three patients with semantic dementia, involving progressive deterioration of semantic memory, performed immediate serial recall of short sequences of familiar words. On the basis of their performance in other tasks of word comprehension and production, the stimuli were selected individually for each patient ...
journal_title：Journal of cognitive neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1162/jocn.1994.6.1.57
更新日期：1994-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Humans with seven or more repeats in exon III of the DRD4 gene (long DRD4 carriers) sometimes demonstrate impaired attention, as seen in attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder, and at other times demonstrate heightened attention, as seen in addictive behavior. Although the clinical effects of DRD4 are the focus of m...
journal_title：Journal of cognitive neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1162/jocn_a_00724
更新日期：2015-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Prospective memory (PM) refers to the cognitive processes associated with remembering to perform an intended action after a delay. Varying the salience of PM cues while keeping the intended response constant, we investigated the extent to which participants relied on strategic monitoring, through sustained, top-down c...
journal_title：Journal of cognitive neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1162/jocn_a_01604
更新日期：2020-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Previous studies on the neural correlates of perceptual awareness implicate sensory-specific regions and higher cortical regions such as the prefrontal cortex (PFC) in this process. The specific role of PFC regions is, however, unknown. PFC activity could be bottom-up driven, integrating signals from sensory regions. ...
journal_title：Journal of cognitive neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1162/jocn.2008.20064
更新日期：2008-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The putative independence of cortical mechanisms for color, form, and motion raises the binding problem-how is neural activity coordinated to create unified and correctly segmented percepts? Binding could be guided by stimulus-driven correlations between mechanisms, but the nature of these correlations is largely unex...
journal_title：Journal of cognitive neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1162/0898929041502742
更新日期：2004-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:To build a general knowledge base, it is imperative that individuals acquire, integrate, and further extend knowledge across experiences. For instance, in one episode an individual may learn that George Washington was the first president. In a separate episode they may then learn that Washington was the commander of t...
journal_title：Journal of cognitive neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1162/jocn_a_01168
更新日期：2017-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Dynamically adjusting the right amount of goal shielding to varying situational demands is associated with the flexibility of cognitive control, typically linked with pFC functioning. Although stress hormones are found to also bind to prefrontal receptors, the link between stress and cognitive control remains elusive....
journal_title：Journal of cognitive neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1162/jocn_a_00024
更新日期：2011-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Observers spontaneously segment larger activities into smaller events. For example, "washing a car" might be segmented into "scrubbing," "rinsing," and "drying" the car. This process, called event segmentation, separates "what is happening now? from "what just happened." In this study, we show that event segmentation ...
journal_title：Journal of cognitive neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1162/jocn.2010.21524
更新日期：2011-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Both local discourse and world knowledge are known to influence sentence processing. We investigated how these two sources of information conspire in language comprehension. Two types of critical sentences, correct and world knowledge anomalies, were preceded by either a neutral or a local context. The latter made the...
journal_title：Journal of cognitive neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1162/jocn.2008.21163
更新日期：2009-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A growing body of literature suggests that human individuals differ in their ability to process face identity. These findings mainly stem from explicit behavioral tasks, such as the Cambridge Face Memory Test (CFMT). However, it remains an open question whether such individual differences can be found in the absence o...
journal_title：Journal of cognitive neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1162/jocn_a_01126
更新日期：2017-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Implicit motor learning tasks typically involve comparisons of subject responses during a sequence versus a random condition. In neuroimaging, brain regions that are correlated with a sequence are described, but the temporal relationship of sequence versus nonsequence conditions is often not explored. We present a fun...
journal_title：Journal of cognitive neuroscience
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1162/089892901753165881
更新日期：2001-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:An attention mechanism in the pulvinar nucleus of the thalamus appears to be involved in the filtering of a location in a cluttered visual field, according to recent PET data. The mechanism in the pulvinar is assumed to be a particular type of circuit that reciprocally connects thalamic relay cells to cortical cells. ...
journal_title：Journal of cognitive neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1162/jocn.1990.2.4.358
更新日期：1990-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Two coordinated experiments using functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) investigated whether the brain represents language form (grammatical structure) separately from its meaning content (semantics). While in the scanner, 14 young, unimpaired adults listened to simple sentences that were either nonanomalous or...
journal_title：Journal of cognitive neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1162/08989290051137648
更新日期：2000-01-01 00:00:00
