Flexible defense strategies: competition modifies investment in behavioral vs. morphological defenses.

abstract：:Whether different sources of mortality are additive, compensatory, or depensatory is a key question in population biology. A way to test for additivity is to calculate the correlation between cause-specific mortality rates obtained from marked animals. However, existing methods to estimate this correlation raise sever...

journal_title：Ecology

authors： Servanty S,Choquet R,Baubet E,Brandt S,Gaillard JM,Schaub M,Toïgo C,Lebreton JD,Buoro M,Gimenez O

更新日期：2010-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Many young birds on the Arctic tundra are confronted by a challenging task: they must molt their feathers and accumulate fat stores for the autumn migration before climatic conditions deteriorate. Our understanding of the costs and constraints associated with these stages is extremely limited. We investigated post-juv...

journal_title：Ecology

authors： Bonier F,Martin PR,Jensen JP,Butler LK,Ramenofsky M,Wingfield JC

更新日期：2007-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Plant reproductive phenology-the timing of reproduction-is shifting rapidly with global climate change. Many studies focus on flowering responses to climate, but few investigate how postflowering processes, such as how quickly plants develop from flowering to seed dispersal, respond to environmental factors. We examin...

journal_title：Ecology

authors： Sethi ML,Theobald EJ,Breckheimer I,Hille Ris Lambers J

更新日期：2020-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Climatic extremes, such as severe drought, are expected to increase in frequency and magnitude with climate change. Thus, identifying mechanisms of resilience is critical to predicting the vulnerability of ecosystems. An exceptional drought (

journal_title：Ecology

authors： Wilcox KR,Koerner SE,Hoover DL,Borkenhagen AK,Burkepile DE,Collins SL,Hoffman AM,Kirkman KP,Knapp AK,Strydom T,Thompson DI,Smith MD

更新日期：2020-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Understanding the scale of marine population connectivity is critical for the conservation and sustainable management of marine resources. For many marine species adults are benthic and relatively immobile, so patterns of larval dispersal and recruitment provide the key to understanding marine population connectivity....

journal_title：Ecology

authors： Banks SC,Piggott LM,Williamson JE,Bové U,Holbrook NJ,Beheregaray LB

更新日期：2007-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Ecological research is increasingly concentrated at particular locations or sites. This trend reflects a variety of advantages of intensive, site-based research, but also raises important questions about the nature of such spatially delimited research: how well does site based research represent broader areas, and doe...

journal_title：Ecology

authors： Fahey TJ,Templer PH,Anderson BT,Battles JJ,Campbell JL,Driscoll CT,Fusco AR,Green MB,Kassam KA,Rodenhouse NL,Rustad L,Schaberg PG,Vadeboncoeur MA

更新日期：2015-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Sex-biased survival linked to anthropogenic threats places populations at risk. We show the utility of long-term multidecadal photo-identification (photo-id) combined with long-term high-resolution (Fastloc-GPS) satellite telemetry to investigate the links between mortality rates and patterns of movement for a wide-ra...

journal_title：Ecology

authors： Schofield G,Klaassen M,Papafitsoros K,Lilley MKS,Katselidis KA,Hays GC

更新日期：2020-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Although canopy height has long been a focus of interest in ecology, it has remained difficult to study at large spatial scales. Recently, satellite-borne LiDAR equipment produced the first systematic high resolution maps of vegetation height worldwide. Here we show that this new resource reveals three marked modes in...

journal_title：Ecology

authors： Xu C,Hantson S,Holmgren M,van Nes EH,Staal A,Scheffer M

更新日期：2016-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Population context should influence pollination success and selection on floral display in animal-pollinated plants because attraction of pollinators depends not only on the characteristics of individual plants, but also on the attractiveness of co-occurring conspecifics. The insect-pollinated herb Primula farinosa is...

journal_title：Ecology

authors： Toräng P,Ehrlén J,Agren J

更新日期：2006-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Animal foraging has been characterized as an attempt to maximize the intake of carbon and nitrogen at appropriate ratios. Plant species in over 90 families produce carbohydrate-rich extrafloral nectar (EFN), a resource attractive to ants and other omnivorous insects. This attraction can benefit the plant if those arth...

journal_title：Ecology

authors： Ness JH,Morris WF,Bronstein JL

更新日期：2009-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Nitrogen (N) deposition in heavily polluted southern Californian shrublands is estimated to be 20-45 kg N x ha(-1) x yr(-1), but more exposed locales can receive as much as 145 kg N x ha(-1) x yr(-1). This large anthropogenic N input has the capacity to alter the composition of plant communities. We conducted N-fertil...

journal_title：Ecology

authors： Vourlitis GL,Pasquini SC

更新日期：2009-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The linear regression model, with its numerous extensions including multivariate ordination, is fundamental to quantitative research in many disciplines. However, spatial or temporal structure in the data may invalidate the regression assumption of independent residuals. Spatial structure at any spatial scale can be m...

journal_title：Ecology

authors： Wagner HH

更新日期：2013-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We analyze an age-, size- and sex-structured model to investigate how the interplay between individual-level energy budget dynamics and the feedback of population grazing on resources shapes the individual life history and the dynamics of ungulate populations, living in a predator-free, seasonal resource environment. ...

journal_title：Ecology

authors： De Roos AM,Galic N,Heesterbeek H

更新日期：2009-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Greater resource use by diverse communities might result from species occupying complementary niches. Demonstrating niche complementarity among species is challenging, however, due to the difficulty in relating differences between species in particular traits to their use of complementary resources. Here, we overcame ...

journal_title：Ecology

authors： Gable JT,Crowder DW,Northfield TD,Steffan SA,Snyder WE

更新日期：2012-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Predators play a key role in shaping natural ecosystems, and understanding the factors that influence a predator's kill rate is central to predicting predator-prey dynamics. While prey density has a well-established effect on predation, it is increasingly apparent that predator density also can critically influence pr...

journal_title：Ecology

authors： Hossie TJ,Murray DL

更新日期：2016-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The limits on annual seed production have long been characterized as restriction by either pollination success or resource provision to seed development. This expected dichotomy between pollen and resource limitation is based on the assumption that reproductive resources are fixed, which is reasonable for semelparous ...

journal_title：Ecology

authors： Ida TY,Harder LD,Kudo G

更新日期：2013-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Does climate determine species' ranges? Rapid rates of anthropogenic warming make this classic ecological question especially relevant. We ask whether climate controls range limits by quantifying relationships between climatic variables (precipitation, temperature) and tree growth across the altitudinal ranges of six ...

journal_title：Ecology

authors： Ettinger AK,Ford KR,HilleRisLambers J

更新日期：2011-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In mammals, reproductive synchrony and reproductive suppression usually are found in social, group-living species, which often display hierarchical relationships among related animals. Some individuals, particularly younger, philopatric females beyond the age of sexual maturity, may not raise offspring because they ar...

journal_title：Ecology

authors： Ordiz A,Støen OG,Swenson JE,Kojola I,Bischof R

更新日期：2008-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Understanding the drivers and consequences of disease epidemics is an important frontier in ecology. However, long-term data on hosts, their parasites, and the corresponding environmental conditions necessary to explore these interactions are often unavailable. We examined the dynamics of Daphnia pulicaria, a keystone...

journal_title：Ecology

authors： Johnson PT,Ives AR,Lathrop RC,Carpenter SR

更新日期：2009-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In detritus-based ecosystems, autochthonous primary production contributes very little to the detritus pool. Yet primary producers may still influence the functioning of these ecosystems through complex interactions with decomposers and detritivores. Recent studies have suggested that, in aquatic systems, small amount...

journal_title：Ecology

authors： Danger M,Cornut J,Chauvet E,Chavez P,Elger A,Lecerf A

更新日期：2013-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Human-mediated increases in nutrient availability alter patterns of primary production, impact species diversity, and threaten ecosystem function. Nutrients can also alter community structure by disrupting the relationships between nutrient-sharing mutualists that form the foundation of communities. Given their oligot...

journal_title：Ecology

authors： Shantz AA,Burkepile DE

更新日期：2014-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Plants respond to volatile cues emitted by damaged neighbors to increase their defenses against herbivores. We examined whether plants communicated more effectively with local neighbors than distant neighbors in a reciprocal experiment at two sites. Three branches on focal plants were incubated with air from (1) a con...

journal_title：Ecology

authors： Karban R,Wetzel WC,Shiojiri K,Pezzola E,Blande JD

更新日期：2016-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Many terrestrial plant and marine benthic communities involve intense competition for space as a means to survive and reproduce. Superior competitors can dominate other species numerically with high reproductive rates, indirectly with high growth rates that facilitate space acquisition, or directly with competitive ov...

journal_title：Ecology

authors： Lord J,Whitlatch R

更新日期：2015-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Abundance and population density are fundamental pieces of information for population ecology and species conservation, but they are difficult to estimate for rare and elusive species. Mark--resight models are popular for estimating population abundance because they are less invasive and expensive than traditional mar...

journal_title：Ecology

authors： Sollmann R,Gardner B,Parsons AW,Stocking JJ,McClintock BT,Simons TR,Pollock KH,O'Connell AF

更新日期：2013-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Global species extinction rates are orders of magnitude above the background rate documented in the fossil record. However, recent data syntheses have found mixed evidence for patterns of net species loss at local spatial scales. For example, two recent data meta-analyses have found that species richness is decreasing...

journal_title：Ecology

authors： Gonzalez A,Cardinale BJ,Allington GR,Byrnes J,Arthur Endsley K,Brown DG,Hooper DU,Isbell F,O'Connor MI,Loreau M

更新日期：2016-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Species intolerant of changing climate might avoid extinction within refugia buffered from extreme conditions. Refugia have been observed in the fossil record but are not well documented or understood on ecological time scales. Using a 37-year record from the eastern Pacific across the two most severe El Niño events o...

journal_title：Ecology

authors： Smith TB,Glynn PW,Maté JL,Toth LT,Gyory J

更新日期：2014-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Seed dispersal fundamentally influences plant population and community dynamics but is difficult to quantify directly. Consequently, models are frequently used to describe the seed shadow (the seed deposition pattern of a plant population). For vertebrate-dispersed plants, animal behavior is known to influence seed sh...

journal_title：Ecology

authors： Russo SE,Portnoy S,Augspurger CK

更新日期：2006-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Many pest species exhibit huge fluctuations in population abundance. Understanding their large-scale and long-term dynamics is necessary to develop effective control and management strategies. Occupancy models represent a promising approach to unravel interactions between environmental factors and spatiotemporal dynam...

journal_title：Ecology

authors： Veran S,Simpson SJ,Sword GA,Deveson E,Piry S,Hines JE,Berthier K

更新日期：2015-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Animals can be important in nutrient cycling in particular ecosystems, but few studies have examined how this importance varies along environmental gradients. In this study we quantified the nutrient cycling role of an abundant detritivorous fish species, the gizzard shad (Dorosoma cepedianum), in reservoir ecosystems...

journal_title：Ecology

authors： Vanni MJ,Bowling AM,Dickman EM,Hale RS,Higgins KA,Horgan MJ,Knoll LB,Renwick WH,Stein RA

更新日期：2006-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Most hypotheses explaining the general gradient of higher diversity toward the equator are implicit or explicit about greater species packing in the tropics. However, global patterns of diversity within guilds, including trophic guilds (i.e., groups of organisms that use similar food resources), are poorly known. We e...

journal_title：Ecology

authors： Boyero L,Pearson RG,Dudgeon D,Graça MA,Gessner MO,Albariño RJ,Ferreira V,Yule CM,Boulton AJ,Arunachalam M,Callisto M,Chauvet E,Ramírez A,Chará J,Moretti MS,Gonçalves JF Jr,Helson JE,Chará-Serna AM,Encalada AC,Davies

更新日期：2011-09-01 00:00:00