Abstract:
:(-)Deprenyl (Selegiline, Jumex, Eldepryl, Movergan), a close structural relative to phenylethylamine (PEA), is a drug with a unique pharmacological spectrum. (1) It is a highly potent and selective, irreversible inhibitor of B-type monoamine oxidase (MAO), a predominantly glial enzyme in the brain. The activity of this enzyme significantly increases with age. (-)Deprenyl, the first selective inhibitor of MAO-B described in literature, has become the universally used research tool for selectively blocking B-type MAO. It is the only MAO-B inhibitor in clinical use. (2) (-)Deprenyl interferes with the uptake of catecholamines and indirectly acting sympathomimetics because it is handled by the catecholaminergic neuron in a way similar to the physiological substances transported through the axonal end organ and vesicular membrane. The unique behavior of (-)deprenyl is that, in striking contrast to PEA and its relatives, it does not displace the transmitter from storage, ie, it is not a releaser. The net result is that (-)deprenyl inhibits the releasing effect of tyramine, and, at present, is the only safe MAO inhibitor that can be administered without dietary precautions. (3) Maintenance on (-)deprenyl selectively enhances superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase activity in the striatum. This effect is unrelated to its effect on MAO-B and the inhibitory effects of the drug on neurotransmitter uptake. (4) Maintenance on (-)deprenyl facilitates the activity of the nigrostriatal dopaminergic neurons with remarkable selectivity, and this effect, too, is unrelated to either its effects on MAO or on neurotransmitter uptake. (5) Maintenance on (-)deprenyl prevents the characteristic age-related morphological changes in the neuromelanin granules of the neurocytes in the substantia nigra. All in all, (-)deprenyl increases the activity of the nigrostriatal dopaminergic system and slows its age-related decline. Maintenance of male rats on (-)deprenyl delays the loss of the capacity to ejaculate, slows the decline of learning and memory, and significantly lengthens the life-span as compared with saline-treated rats. Parkinson's disease patients on levodopa plus (-)deprenyl (10 mg daily) live significantly longer than those on levodopa alone. (-)Deprenyl is the first drug that retards the progress of Parkinson's disease. Newly diagnosed Parkinson's disease patients maintained on (-)deprenyl need levodopa significantly later than their placebo-treated peers. Maintenance on (-)deprenyl improves significantly the performance of patients with Alzheimer's disease. It is concluded that Parkinson's disease and Alzheimer's disease patients need to be treated daily with 10 mg (-)deprenyl from diagnosis until death, irrespective of other medication.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
journal_name
J Am Geriatr Socjournal_title
Journal of the American Geriatrics Societyauthors
Knoll Jdoi
10.1111/j.1532-5415.1992.tb01860.xsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
1992-08-01 00:00:00pages
839-47issue
8eissn
0002-8614issn
1532-5415journal_volume
40pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract:OBJECTIVE:To identify presenting characteristics of older patients with subdural hematoma who are unlikely to survive hospitalization. DESIGN:A retrospective cohort. PATIENTS:All patients > or = 65 years of age hospitalized at a tertiary care center from 1985-1990 with the primary diagnosis of subdural hematoma. MEA...
journal_title:Journal of the American Geriatrics Society
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doi:10.1111/j.1532-5415.1995.tb07329.x
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abstract:BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES:To assess the course and prediction of basic activities of daily living (ADL) function in patients after transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI). DESIGN:This was a prospective cohort study. SETTING:The setting was a single academic center in Switzerland. PARTICIPANTS:Participants include...
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abstract:BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES:Delirium manifests clinically in varying ways across settings. More than 40 instruments currently exist for characterizing the different manifestations of delirium. We evaluated all delirium identification instruments according to their psychometric properties and frequency of citation in publishe...
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更新日期:1998-11-01 00:00:00
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abstract:OBJECTIVES:Many elderly persons have drug benefits with coverage gaps, such as in Medicare Part D. Because beneficiaries who have such gaps must pay all drug costs, an accurate knowledge of gap thresholds and communication with providers about exceeding caps is important for elderly persons to manage out-of-pocket drug...
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doi:10.1111/j.1532-5415.2009.02244.x
更新日期:2009-05-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of the American Geriatrics Society
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更新日期:2015-12-01 00:00:00
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doi:10.1111/jgs.14022
更新日期:2016-04-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of the American Geriatrics Society
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doi:10.1111/j.1532-5415.1988.tb03433.x
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doi:10.1111/j.1532-5415.1986.tb05474.x
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journal_title:Journal of the American Geriatrics Society
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doi:10.1111/j.1532-5415.1995.tb06618.x
更新日期:1995-12-01 00:00:00
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更新日期:2005-04-01 00:00:00
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pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
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更新日期:2006-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of the American Geriatrics Society
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doi:10.1111/j.1532-5415.1992.tb01955.x
更新日期:1992-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:To compare perioperative problems and outcomes of reconstructive surgery with microvascular flaps of a group of older (≥ 70) and younger adults (20-69). DESIGN:Prospective clinical cohort study. SETTING:Maxillofacial surgical unit of a university teaching hospital in Munich, Germany. PARTICIPANTS:Two hund...
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更新日期:2011-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:To understand the range of symptoms that present to family caregivers of community-dwelling persons with Alzheimer's disease and related dementias (ADRD). DESIGN:Six-month longitudinal prospective study to identify the incidence of new or worsening symptoms and their association with acute care medical serv...
journal_title:Journal of the American Geriatrics Society
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更新日期:2017-04-01 00:00:00