Abstract:
:Phenylketonuria (PKU) is an autosomal recessive genetic disorder in which mutations in the phenylalanine-4-hydroxylase (PAH) gene result in an inactive enzyme (PAH, EC 1.14.16.1). The effect is an inability to metabolize phenylalanine (Phe), translating into elevated levels of Phe in the bloodstream (hyperphenylalaninemia). If therapy is not implemented at birth, mental retardation can occur. PKU patients respond to treatment with a low-phenylalanine diet, but compliance with the diet is difficult, therefore the development of alternative treatments is desirable. Enzyme substitution therapy with a recombinant phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL) is currently being explored. This enzyme converts Phe to the harmless metabolites, trans-cinnamic acid and trace ammonia. Taken orally and when non-absorbable and protected, PAL lowers plasma Phe in mutant hyperphenylalaninemic mouse models. Subcutaneous administration of PAL results in more substantial lowering of plasma and significant reduction in brain Phe levels, however the metabolic effect is not sustained following repeated injections due to an immune response. We have chemically modified PAL by pegylation to produce a protected form of PAL that possesses better specific activity, prolonged half-life, and reduced immunogenicity in vivo. Subcutaneous administration of pegylated molecules to PKU mice has the desired metabolic response (prolonged reduction in blood Phe levels) with greatly attenuated immunogenicity.
journal_name
Mol Genet Metabjournal_title
Molecular genetics and metabolismauthors
Sarkissian CN,Gámez Adoi
10.1016/j.ymgme.2005.06.016subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2005-12-01 00:00:00pages
S22-6eissn
1096-7192issn
1096-7206pii
S1096-7192(05)00238-6journal_volume
86 Suppl 1pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract::BH(4) administration results in the reduction of blood phenylalanine level in patients with tetrahydrobiopterin (BH(4))-responsive phenylalanine hydroxylase (PAH) deficiency. The mechanism underlying BH(4) response remains unknown. Here, we studied the effects of BH(4) and phenylalanine on in vivo PAH activity of norm...
journal_title:Molecular genetics and metabolism
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ymgme.2007.07.013
更新日期:2007-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::2-methylacetoacetyl-coenzyme A thiolase (MAT) deficiency, also known as beta-ketothiolase deficiency, is an inborn error of ketone body utilization and isoleucine catabolism. It is caused by mutations in the ACAT1 gene and may present with metabolic ketoacidosis. In order to obtain a more comprehensive view on this di...
journal_title:Molecular genetics and metabolism
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ymgme.2017.06.012
更新日期:2017-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Alterations in the ferrochelatase gene (FECH) are the basis of the phenotypic expressions in erythropoietic protoporphyria. The phenotype is due to the presence of a mutation in the FECH gene associated in trans to the c.315-48 T > C variant in the intron 3. The latter is able to increase the physiological quota of al...
journal_title:Molecular genetics and metabolism
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ymgme.2018.06.005
更新日期:2018-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::1,2,3-Benzenetricarboxylate (BTA) and n-butylmalonate (BM), specific inhibitors of the mitochondrial tricarboxylate and dicarboxylate carrier, respectively, have been used to study the contribution of citrate export from mitochondria to the accumulation of fat in 3T3-L1 cells. Continuous treatment of the cells with BT...
journal_title:Molecular genetics and metabolism
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ymgme.2005.01.006
更新日期:2005-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::An approach to treating Gaucher disease is substrate inhibition therapy which seeks to abate the aberrant lysosomal accumulation of glucosylceramide. We have identified a novel inhibitor of glucosylceramide synthase (Genz-112638) and assessed its activity in a murine model of Gaucher disease (D409V/null). Biochemical ...
journal_title:Molecular genetics and metabolism
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ymgme.2007.04.001
更新日期:2007-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Fabry disease (FD) is an X-linked lysosomal storage disorder resulting from deficiency of α-galactosidase A (GLA). Traditionally, heterozygotes were considered asymptomatic carriers of FD, but it is now apparent that the asymptomatic female carrier is the exception and most heterozygotes suffer significant multisystem...
journal_title:Molecular genetics and metabolism
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ymgme.2014.11.005
更新日期:2015-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Phytanic acid is a 3-methyl branched-chain fatty acid which originates from dietary sources. Since the 3-methyl group blocks regular beta-oxidation, it is broken down by peroxisomal alpha-oxidation. Adult Refsum disease patients accumulate phytanic acid as a result of an impairment in peroxisomal alpha-oxidation, caus...
journal_title:Molecular genetics and metabolism
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ymgme.2005.02.005
更新日期:2005-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The number of newborns and the number of disorders detected by large-scale screening programs has increased dramatically in the last decade. Newborn screening is a multi-step process requiring confirmatory testing to establish and refine a diagnosis. Whereas screening cutoffs are established to detect all ca...
journal_title:Molecular genetics and metabolism
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ymgme.2011.08.020
更新日期:2011-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Oxidative metabolism of glucose is regulated by pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH) that can be inhibited by isoforms of PDH kinase (PDK). Recently, increased PDK activity has been implicated in the pathogenesis of insulin resistance and non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) in obese subjects. Using quantitative RT...
journal_title:Molecular genetics and metabolism
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1006/mgme.1998.2748
更新日期:1998-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Fabry disease is a lysosomal storage disease caused by deficient activity of the α-Galactosidase A (α-Gal A) enzyme, which leads to abnormal accumulation of glycosphingolipids, mainly globotriaosylceramide (Gb3), in the lysosome. Glycosphingolipids are known to be invariant Natural Killer T (iNKT) cell antigens. Sever...
journal_title:Molecular genetics and metabolism
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ymgme.2012.02.014
更新日期:2012-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Recently, our group and others cloned the TRMA disease gene, SLC19A2, which encodes a thiamin transporter. Here, we report the cloning and characterization of the full-length cDNA and genomic sequences of mouse Slc19a2. The Slc19a2 cDNA contained a 1494-bp open-reading frame, and had 5'- and 3'-untranslated regions of...
journal_title:Molecular genetics and metabolism
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1006/mgme.2001.3184
更新日期:2001-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) has been associated with several malignant processes in man, most notably Burkitt lymphoma in previously healthy individuals and lesions resembling large cell non-Hodgkin lymphomas in organ transplant recipients. Mice with the severe combined immunodeficiency phenotype (SCID mice) are exquisit...
journal_title:Molecular genetics and metabolism
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1006/mgme.1998.2708
更新日期:1998-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::N-acetylglutamate (NAG) is a unique enzyme cofactor, essential for liver ureagenesis in mammals while it is the first committed substrate for de novo arginine biosynthesis in microorganisms and plants. The enzyme that produces NAG from glutamate and CoA, NAG synthase (NAGS), is allosterically inhibited by arginine in ...
journal_title:Molecular genetics and metabolism
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.ymgme.2010.02.018
更新日期:2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Novel variants associated with chronic pancreatitis are being increasingly reported. However, most studies have so far only analyzed point mutations and small insertions or deletions. Here we report the characterization of two distinct deletions of the CTRC locus. Variants in four chronic pancreatitis genes, PRSS1, SP...
journal_title:Molecular genetics and metabolism
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ymgme.2013.04.022
更新日期:2013-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Previous studies from this laboratory have shown that maternal-derived cholesterol can be effluxed from trophoblasts to fetal HDL and plasma. We had the opportunity to study for the first time the ability of HDL and plasma from a fetus with the Smith-Lemli-Opitz syndrome (SLOS) to efflux cholesterol from trophoblasts....
journal_title:Molecular genetics and metabolism
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ymgme.2008.01.015
更新日期:2008-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Mevalonate kinase deficiency is a rare autosomal recessively inherited organic aciduria with a complex multi-systemic phenotype. We describe two deceased patients with clinically severe mevalonate kinase (MK) deficiency confirmed by MK mutation analysis. The phenotype in our patients ranged from neonatal hydrops in th...
journal_title:Molecular genetics and metabolism
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ymgme.2012.10.019
更新日期:2012-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Classic phenylketonuria (PKU) is characterized by severe mental retardation in untreated individuals and mild neurocognitive abnormalities in some early treated adults. The exact biochemical mechanisms underlying this neurotoxicity remain undetermined. Several theories implicate abnormal cerebral energy utilization an...
journal_title:Molecular genetics and metabolism
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ymgme.2005.06.010
更新日期:2006-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Pompe Disease (PD) is a lysosomal storage disease caused by acid α-glucosidase deficiency. The infantile form typically results in death in the first year of life. Patient survival has improved with enzyme replacement therapy (ERT), but new complications are being recognized. We report three cases of infantile onset P...
journal_title:Molecular genetics and metabolism
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ymgme.2012.11.013
更新日期:2013-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:There is current expansion of newborn screening (NBS) programs to include lysosomal storage disorders because of the availability of treatments that produce an optimal clinical outcome when started early in life. OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the performance of a multiplex-tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) enzymatic...
journal_title:Molecular genetics and metabolism
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ymgme.2016.05.015
更新日期:2016-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Carnitine-acylcarnitine translocase (CATR) deficiency is a severe defect in fatty acid oxidation which presents early in life most frequently with hypoglycemia, hyperammonemia, and severe cardiac abnormalities. CATR exchanges acylcarnitines of various chain lengths for free carnitine across the mitochondrial membrane....
journal_title:Molecular genetics and metabolism
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1006/mgme.1999.2950
更新日期:2000-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Glycogen storage disease type I (GSD I) is caused by inherited defects of the glucose 6-phosphatase complex, resulting in fasting hypoglycemia, lactic acidosis, hyperuricemia and hyperlipidemia. Sixteen out of 26 (61.5%) GSD I patients in our study had suboptimal levels (<30 ng/ml) of 25-hydroxyvitamin-D (25(OH)D) des...
journal_title:Molecular genetics and metabolism
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ymgme.2009.12.012
更新日期:2010-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Mucopolysaccharidosis VI (MPS VI) is a rare autosomal recessive disorder caused by a deficiency of N-acetylgalactosamine-4-sulfatase (ARSB). Over 130 ARSB gene mutations have been identified thus far and most mutations are unique to individual families. We aimed to analyze the spectrum of mutations in the ARSB gene re...
journal_title:Molecular genetics and metabolism
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ymgme.2011.11.003
更新日期:2012-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Mucopolysaccharidoses (MPS) are caused by deficiency of lysosomal enzyme activities needed to degrade glycosaminoglycans (GAGs), which are long unbranched polysaccharides consisting of repeating disaccharides. GAGs include: chondroitin sulfate (CS), dermatan sulfate (DS), heparan sulfate (HS), keratan sulfate (KS), an...
journal_title:Molecular genetics and metabolism
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.ymgme.2013.06.007
更新日期:2013-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Medicine is rapidly applying exome and genome sequencing to the diagnosis and management of human disease. Somatic mosaicism, however, is not readily detectable by these means, and yet it accounts for a significant portion of undiagnosed disease. We present a rapid and sensitive method, the Continuous Distribution Fun...
journal_title:Molecular genetics and metabolism
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ymgme.2011.12.015
更新日期:2012-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::We report here the case of a young male who started to show verbal fluency disturbance, clumsiness and gait anomalies at the age of 3.5years and presented bilateral striatal necrosis. Clinically, the diagnosis was compatible with Leigh syndrome but the underlying molecular defect remained elusive even after exome anal...
journal_title:Molecular genetics and metabolism
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ymgme.2016.09.001
更新日期:2016-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Pulmonary alveolar type II cells have been shown to be a possible target for the secosteroid hormone, 1alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 [1alpha,25(OH)2D3], during perinatal transition. At present, there is great interest to isolate and identify the metabolites of 1alpha,25(OH)2D3 produced in its target tissues and to dete...
journal_title:Molecular genetics and metabolism
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s1096-7192(02)00022-7
更新日期:2002-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The initial data on the effect of ruthenium red on mature human type-1 VDAC are presented. Highly enriched human type-1 porin in planar lipid bilayers shows lowered voltage-dependence whenever a commercially available ruthenium red preparation is applied. The hexavalent polycationic dye ruthenium red affects different...
journal_title:Molecular genetics and metabolism
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1006/mgme.1998.2764
更新日期:1998-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::p53, perhaps the single most important human tumor suppressor, is commonly mutated in human cancers. Normally genotoxic stress and hypoxia activate p53, which, through DNA-specific transcription activation, transcriptional repression, and protein-protein interactions, triggers cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. One of t...
journal_title:Molecular genetics and metabolism
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1006/mgme.2000.3008
更新日期:2000-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4) responsiveness in patients with mutations in the phenylalanine hydroxylase (PAH) gene is a recently recognized subtype of hyperphenylalaninemia characterized by a positive BH4 loading test. According to recent estimates, this phenotype may be quite common, suggesting that a large group of ind...
journal_title:Molecular genetics and metabolism
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ymgme.2004.06.007
更新日期:2004-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Carnitine palmitoyltransferase type 2 (CPT2) deficiency, a mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation disorder (MFAOD), is a cause of myopathy in its late clinical presentation. As for other MFAODs, its diagnosis may be evocated when blood acylcarnitine profile is abnormal. However, a lack of abnormalities or specificity in t...
journal_title:Molecular genetics and metabolism
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ymgme.2018.02.005
更新日期:2018-04-01 00:00:00