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Enhanced placental cholesterol efflux by fetal HDL in Smith-Lemli-Opitz syndrome.

Abstract：

:Previous studies from this laboratory have shown that maternal-derived cholesterol can be effluxed from trophoblasts to fetal HDL and plasma. We had the opportunity to study for the first time the ability of HDL and plasma from a fetus with the Smith-Lemli-Opitz syndrome (SLOS) to efflux cholesterol from trophoblasts. It was unclear whether cholesterol could be effluxed to fetuses with SLOS since lipoprotein levels are often very low. To answer this question, cord blood was collected from the placentas of an SLOS fetus and unaffected fetuses just after delivery. Plasma cholesterol concentrations were very low in the affected fetus; cholesterol, 7-dehydrocholesterol, and 8-dehydocholesterol concentrations were 14.1, 4.5, and 5.2 mg/dl, respectively. The HDL from the fetal SLOS effluxed approximately 50% more cholesterol from a trophoblast cell line, were smaller in size, and had a lower cholesterol to phospholipid ratio as compared to HDL from unaffected fetuses or adults. Plasma from the SLOS fetus effluxed cholesterol to a similar percentage as unaffected fetal plasma or adult plasma, possibly due to fewer HDL particles as demonstrated in previous SLOS patients. These novel data demonstrate that the cholesterol-deficient SLOS fetus is able to obtain cholesterol from trophoblasts at a time when cholesterol is playing a critical role in development, and has implications for design of treatments for cholesterol deficiency syndromes as well as understanding of prenatal cholesterol transport in humans.

journal_name

Mol Genet Metab

journal_title

Molecular genetics and metabolism

authors

Jenkins KT,Merkens LS,Tubb MR,Myatt L,Davidson WS,Steiner RD,Woollett LA

doi

10.1016/j.ymgme.2008.01.015

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2008-06-01 00:00:00

pages

240-7

issue

2

eissn

1096-7192

issn

1096-7206

pii

S1096-7192(08)00045-0

journal_volume

94

pub_type

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