Abstract:
:The term 'blood substitute' is commonly used to describe products which can carry and deliver oxygen. These products are also referred to as 'oxygen carriers' or 'oxygen therapeutics'. Blood substitutes are a new generation of oxygen therapeutics and their introduction will redefine treatment approaches in a wide range of medical and surgical practices. There are two major classes of this new generation of oxygen therapeutics (1) modified haemoglobin solutions, referred to as haemoglobin-based blood substitutes (HBBS) and (2) perfluorocarbon emulsions. Tremendous progress has been made in the past four years with the development of HBBS. In comparison, not much progress has been made in the development of perfluorocarbons as oxygen carriers. In the present review we have limited our discussion to the development of HBBS. Several types of HBBS have been developed and are in different phases of clinical trials. Free haemoglobin has been crosslinked, conjugated, polymerised or encapsulated to prevent its dissociation into dimers. The stability and purity of HBBS are extremely important in overcoming most of the significant toxicities of these products. Commercial manufacturers have utilised better proprietary formulations and purification technologies, and HBBS developed by these organisations have demonstrated safety in both preclinical and clinical studies. Recent research activities suggest a broad range of therapeutic applications for these new generation of oxygen therapeutics, 'blood substitutes'. The introduction of HBBS in critical care medicine will introduce a new approach of not only improving perfusion, but delivering oxygen to tissues.
journal_name
Expert Opin Investig Drugsjournal_title
Expert opinion on investigational drugsauthors
Gulati Adoi
10.1517/13543784.6.11.1659subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1997-11-01 00:00:00pages
1659-69issue
11eissn
1354-3784issn
1744-7658journal_volume
6pub_type
杂志文章abstract:INTRODUCTION:Dysregulation of the Janus kinase-signal transducer and activator of transcription (JAK-STAT) pathway is central to the pathophysiology of myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN). Small molecule inhibitors of JAK family members are currently under investigation for the treatment of MPN. Of these, ruxolitinib ha...
journal_title:Expert opinion on investigational drugs
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1517/13543784.2013.774373
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abstract:IMPORTANCE OF THE FIELD:Several studies have demonstrated the high prevalence of hypertension and the crucial role of the association between endothelial function and hypertension. Thus, in depth investigation of the pathophysiological mechanisms linking endothelial dysfunction and hypertension, as well as evaluation o...
journal_title:Expert opinion on investigational drugs
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journal_title:Expert opinion on investigational drugs
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abstract:INTRODUCTION:Relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma (rrMM) remains a difficult condition to treat despite the availability of new drugs. This review aims to provide evidence to guide physicians in the choice of salvage therapy in certain subgroups of patients. AREAS COVERED:The review attempts to present evidence-based ...
journal_title:Expert opinion on investigational drugs
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1517/13543784.2011.575060
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abstract:BACKGROUND:Peritoneal carcinomatosis (PC) is a challenging consequence of certain malignancies, associated with a poor prognosis and limited treatment options. Generally, PC has been treated similarly to metastatic cancers of the primary tumor, but associated with worse outcomes when compared to other sites of metastat...
journal_title:Expert opinion on investigational drugs
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journal_title:Expert opinion on investigational drugs
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更新日期:2000-08-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Expert opinion on investigational drugs
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
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更新日期:2011-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Introduction: Advanced melanoma historically had a very poor outcome but targeted therapies and immune checkpoint inhibitors (IC) have changed the course of the disease and made durable responses possible. However, most patients will develop progressive disease, so further strategies to overcome treatment resistance a...
journal_title:Expert opinion on investigational drugs
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1080/13543784.2020.1769066
更新日期:2020-07-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Expert opinion on investigational drugs
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journal_title:Expert opinion on investigational drugs
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更新日期:1997-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Even established and effective antiarrhythmic drugs (AADs) in atrial fibrillation (AF) are limited by their pro-arrhythmic and non-target organ side effects. Therefore the search continues for safer and effective new AADs. OBJECTIVE:This review will examine a novel AAD, tedisamil--a multichannel potassium c...
journal_title:Expert opinion on investigational drugs
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1517/13543780903114150
更新日期:2009-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) is the leading cause of gynaecologic cancer death. Although in some cases initial treatment is effective, most of the women diagnosed with EOC will probably need medical treatment for their disease. There is a critical need to develop effective new strategies for the managem...
journal_title:Expert opinion on investigational drugs
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1517/13543784.2013.816282
更新日期:2013-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Introduction: Neuropathic pain is a chronic condition that significantly affects the quality of life of millions of people globally. Most of the pharmacologic treatments currently in use demonstrate modest efficacy and over half of all patients do not respond to medical management. Hence, there is a need for new, effi...
journal_title:Expert opinion on investigational drugs
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
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journal_title:Expert opinion on investigational drugs
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
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更新日期:2003-09-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Expert opinion on investigational drugs
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1517/13543784.2015.1020110
更新日期:2015-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Introduction: The conventional management of most patients with metastatic urothelial carcinoma (UC) is platinum-based chemotherapy followed by immunotherapy. Erdafitinib is an option in post-platinum patients with activating mutations in fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR)-3 and -2. Salvage therapy with taxanes ...
journal_title:Expert opinion on investigational drugs
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1080/13543784.2019.1667332
更新日期:2019-10-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Expert opinion on investigational drugs
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1517/13543784.17.7.1039
更新日期:2008-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF) is associated with increased hospitalization rates and high in-hospital mortality, and has emerged as a major public health problem over the past decade. In recent years, several new drugs and therapeutic approaches have failed to reduce short- and long-term morbidity...
journal_title:Expert opinion on investigational drugs
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1517/13543780902922660
更新日期:2009-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Compounds that inhibit or modulate γ-secretase, the pivotal enzyme which generates β-amyloid (Aβ), are potential therapeutics for Alzheimer's disease (AD). AREAS COVERED:This article briefly reviews the profile of γ-secretase inhibitors that have reached the clinic and discusses the clinical issues surrou...
journal_title:Expert opinion on investigational drugs
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1517/13543784.2011.550572
更新日期:2011-03-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Expert opinion on investigational drugs
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
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journal_title:Expert opinion on investigational drugs
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journal_title:Expert opinion on investigational drugs
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
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更新日期:2000-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) plays a key role in DNA repair mechanisms by detecting and initiating repair after DNA strand breaks. Inhibition of PARP in DNA repair-defective tumors (like those with BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutations) can lead to gross genomic instability and cell death. Likewise, combining PARP inhibitio...
journal_title:Expert opinion on investigational drugs
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
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journal_title:Expert opinion on investigational drugs
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1517/13543784.16.10.1673
更新日期:2007-10-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Expert opinion on investigational drugs
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1517/13543781003718833
更新日期:2010-04-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Expert opinion on investigational drugs
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1080/13543784.2016.1192124
更新日期:2016-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::A major session at this annual gathering of the cancer researchers from around the globe dealt with the current state of immunotherapy for cancer. Immunotherapy is a form of cancer treatment that enhances its scientific promise and legitimacy with each passing year. As a result, this topic has become one of the most h...
journal_title:Expert opinion on investigational drugs
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journal_title:Expert opinion on investigational drugs
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
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更新日期:2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Diminished efficacy in terms of clinical relapses and lesion load on magnetic resonance images for patients developing neutralising antibodies (NAbs) to recombinant IFN-beta may be found in multiple sclerosis. NAbs become detectable over the first few years of therapy, disappearing during the treatment course in some ...
journal_title:Expert opinion on investigational drugs
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1517/13543784.12.7.1153
更新日期:2003-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Biologically-based skin substitutes have developed as commercial products over the last 5 years. The first generation includes the collagen-based synthetic device, Integra, and Alloderm, which is based on devitalised and cross-linked human dermis. These are used as dermal replacements for third degree burns. Within th...
journal_title:Expert opinion on investigational drugs
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1517/13543784.7.5.803
更新日期:1998-05-01 00:00:00