Abstract:
:In premenopausal women ovaries are the major sites of estrogen production, while in postmenopausal women estrogen is produced by aromatization of ovarian and adrenal androgens in extragonadal sites, mostly in adipose tissue. Aromatase is a cytochrome P450 hemoprotein-containing enzyme complex that catalyzes the rate-limiting step in the conversion of androstenedione and testosterone to estrone and estradiol (E2). Aromatase inhibitors (AIs) have been developed primarily for use in either natural or surgical postmenopausal patients. In premenopausal women, the ovary can overcome the estrogen blockade by reflex increments of luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), so AIs must be combined with a gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) agonist to prevent the reflex LH and FSH increments. In advanced hormone-dependent breast cancer treatment, AIs have been shown to be superior to tamoxifen. Preliminary evidence also suggests superiority in the adjuvant, neoadjuvant settings and also for breast cancer prevention. AIs have been used in infertility and can increase ovulation rate. Reducing FSH dose, estrogen levels, improving response to FSH, implantation rates, and developing multiple follicles that can be used in in vitro maturation procedures are potential areas that AIs might be used in in assisted reproductive technologies (ART), besides simple ovulation induction. AIs are reported to be successful in treatment of endometriosis, an estrogen-dependent process. The use of AIs in gynecomastia, puberte precox, leiomyoma uteri, some estrogen-dependent cancers (ovarian), endometrial cancer and male infertility are reported; some of the results are promising but more clinical trials are needed. AIs are predicted to become the gold standard in the treatment of estrogen-dependent diseases in reproductive medicine in the near future.
journal_name
Acta Obstet Gynecol Scandjournal_title
Acta obstetricia et gynecologica Scandinavicaauthors
Karaer O,Oruç S,Koyuncu FMdoi
10.1111/j.0001-6349.2004.00562.xsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
2004-08-01 00:00:00pages
699-706issue
8eissn
0001-6349issn
1600-0412pii
AOG562journal_volume
83pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract:BACKGROUND:Estradiol has marked systemic vasodilator effects which may be partially mediated by nitric oxide. Recently, a new vasodilator peptide, adrenomedullin, having potent vasodilatory action which is mediated at least in part by nitric oxide, has been isolated. This study investigated whether a relationship exist...
journal_title:Acta obstetricia et gynecologica Scandinavica
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1999-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:In a previous prospective randomised trial on pregnancies complicated by small-for-gestational-age fetuses fewer operative deliveries for fetal distress were found after antenatal surveillance with umbilical artery Doppler velocimetry (Doppler group) than after surveillance with cardiotocography (CTG group)....
journal_title:Acta obstetricia et gynecologica Scandinavica
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/00016349509024383
更新日期:1995-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Nine pregnant women with false-positive syphilis test results, and 13 matched controls, were screened for autoimmune antibodies to ascertain whether any relationship might exist between their presence and the occurrence of obstetric problems. Investigations included assays for anti-cardiolipin antibodies (ACA), lupus ...
journal_title:Acta obstetricia et gynecologica Scandinavica
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1989-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:To investigate the role of interleukin-1 related substances in amniotic fluid in normal term labor without intrauterine infection. METHODS:Amniotic fluid samples were collected from forty-one patients with various backgrounds. A novel pre-assay treatment using Frigen II was introduced to improve the recover...
journal_title:Acta obstetricia et gynecologica Scandinavica
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1999-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::A case of pneumoperitoneum without clinical peritonitis due to bilateral pyosalpinx is presented. This clinical condition has in the literature been called "spontaneous or idiopathic pneumoperitoneum", and conservative treatment in such cases has been advocated. As shown in our case severe intraperitoneal pathology ma...
journal_title:Acta obstetricia et gynecologica Scandinavica
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/00016347709158335
更新日期:1977-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Adverse obstetric outcome in fetuses that are smaller than expected at second trimester routine ultrasound examination. AIM:To assess the obstetric outcome when the interval between the estimated date of delivery by last menstrual period and the estimated date of delivery by second trimester ultrasound exce...
journal_title:Acta obstetricia et gynecologica Scandinavica
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1034/j.1600-0412.2002.810908.x
更新日期:2002-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:To investigate the association between loop electrosurgical excision procedure (LEEP) and other potential risk factors, and subsequent preterm delivery (<37 weeks), using data from a large cohort study of Danish women. METHODS:The Danish prospective cohort study was initiated in 1991, with the original aim ...
journal_title:Acta obstetricia et gynecologica Scandinavica
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/00016340701279145
更新日期:2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:The objective of this study was to assess the effectiveness and potential benefits of the use of long-acting recombinant follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) in a random-start protocol for fertility preservation in women with cancer. MATERIAL AND METHODS:This is a retrospective before-and-after study perfor...
journal_title:Acta obstetricia et gynecologica Scandinavica
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/aogs.13146
更新日期:2017-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::A previously developed mathematical formula for prediction of fetal growth deviation at birth by means of ultrasonic fetometry was applied to 505 unselected singleton pregnancies. The gestational age was assessed by measuring the fetal biparietal diameter (BPD) in the 17th week of pregnancy. In the 33rd and 38th week ...
journal_title:Acta obstetricia et gynecologica Scandinavica
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/00016348309155774
更新日期:1983-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::To understand the mechanism of biological action of gestrinone (R2323), which has a therapeutic effect against endometriosis, the binding of gestrinone to numerous classes of intracellular steroid binding proteins was studied in the human uterine endometrium. Gestrinone bound to endometrial receptors for estrogen, pro...
journal_title:Acta obstetricia et gynecologica Scandinavica
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/00016348609157380
更新日期:1986-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Four patients with endometrial foam cells are described. In one the endometrium was obtained after parturition. It showed decidua and endometritis, whereas in the second patient, who had received birth control medication in the past, the endometrium was proliferative. In both cases there was a considerable amount of e...
journal_title:Acta obstetricia et gynecologica Scandinavica
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/00016348309155791
更新日期:1983-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Three cases of pseudomyxoma peritonei with ovarian neoplasma were treated by adjunctive immunotherapy with OK-432 after surgery. In 2 of the 3 cases, the periods of intramuscular injection of OK-432 were 11 and 16 months, respectively, and the 2 patients remain clinically free from evidence of disease, 7 and 6 years a...
journal_title:Acta obstetricia et gynecologica Scandinavica
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/00016348609158368
更新日期:1986-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To analyze human papillomavirus (HPV) DNA in umbilical cord blood and in placenta, including its cellular localization. DESIGN:Longitudinal prospective study. SETTING:Maternity Unit of Turku University Hospital, and MediCity, University of Turku. SAMPLES:Placental and cord blood samples obtained at deliver...
journal_title:Acta obstetricia et gynecologica Scandinavica
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/00016340802468308
更新日期:2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Post-term pregnancies are associated with greater risks for mother and child. Accurate determination of gestational age is necessary for safe care. Female fetuses have been shown to be smaller than males at the time of second-trimester ultrasound (US) examination, leading to underestimation of their age an...
journal_title:Acta obstetricia et gynecologica Scandinavica
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/aogs.12774
更新日期:2015-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To explore the role of utilization of prenatal care on the risk for stillbirth among women with migration background in Germany by comparing stillbirth rates of women from different origins characterized by adequate and inadequate utilization of prenatal care to German women with adequate utilization of care....
journal_title:Acta obstetricia et gynecologica Scandinavica
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/00016340903295584
更新日期:2009-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:To assess the risk of malignant cells dissemination in patients with endometrial cancer undergoing saline infusion sonohysterography (SIS). METHODS:Fourteen consecutive patients (mean age: 58.1 years, range: 41-74 years) diagnosed as having a clinical stage I endometrial carcinoma and scheduled for surgical...
journal_title:Acta obstetricia et gynecologica Scandinavica
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2000-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Amniotic fluid contains a significant level of urinary trypsin inhibitor (UTI). Previously, we reported that UTI inhibits calcium influx of myometrium and it is effective in preventing uterine contraction. This study examined the effects of UTI upon potassium channels, which is important for membrane excitab...
journal_title:Acta obstetricia et gynecologica Scandinavica
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1600-0412.2004.00268.x
更新日期:2004-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To identify prognostic factors influencing the outcome of infertility treatment using intrauterine insemination with donor semen (IUI-D). DESIGN:Retrospective study of all patients undergoing IUI-D between August 1st, 1990 and July 31st, 1998. SETTING:University-affiliated infertility clinic. PATIENTS:Thre...
journal_title:Acta obstetricia et gynecologica Scandinavica
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1034/j.1600-0412.2001.080004342.x
更新日期:2001-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:No population-based study has evaluated the effects of third trimester ultrasound screening on prognosis. OBJECTIVE:To study the effects of routine ultrasound screening in the third trimester on perinatal/infant mortality, prevalence of small for gestational age infants (SGA) and low Apgar score. STUDY DES...
journal_title:Acta obstetricia et gynecologica Scandinavica
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1111/j.0001-6349.2005.00649.x
更新日期:2005-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:This retrospective, nationwide, observational study was designed to compare treatment in tertiary referral centers vs. regional hospitals on overall survival for patients with stage IIIC and IV ovarian cancer. MATERIAL AND METHODS:The study took place in all gynecological departments in Denmark, involving a ...
journal_title:Acta obstetricia et gynecologica Scandinavica
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1600-0412.2010.01043.x
更新日期:2011-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The purpose of this study was to determine the value of Gram stain examination and Limulus amebocyte lysate (LAL) test in the detection of intraamniotic infection. Ninety women with preterm labor and intact membranes (n = 55) or preterm premature rupture of membranes (PROM) (n = 35) who delivered prematurely were incl...
journal_title:Acta obstetricia et gynecologica Scandinavica
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.3109/00016349509024449
更新日期:1995-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:More than 30 000 legal abortions are performed every year in Sweden despite sexual education in schools, widespread youth-clinics and family planning services that are free of charge. The aim of this study was to investigate reasons for induced abortion, contraceptive habits and reasons for contraceptive fai...
journal_title:Acta obstetricia et gynecologica Scandinavica
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.0001-6349.2001.00169.x
更新日期:2002-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study evaluates the interobserver variation of transvaginal ultrasonographic measurements of the size of deep infiltrating endometriosis lesions in the rectosigmoid wall performed by an experienced and a less experienced sonographer. Fifteen outpatient women were seen for a gynecologic examination and 24 women we...
journal_title:Acta obstetricia et gynecologica Scandinavica
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1600-0412.2011.01308.x
更新日期:2012-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::A tumor found in endometrial curettings of a 35-year-old woman was originally interpreted as malignant. Review of the slides and additional curettings revealed that the tumor was in reality a plexiform leiomyoma. Attention is drawn to the fact that this rare tumor may be present in endometrial curettings. ...
journal_title:Acta obstetricia et gynecologica Scandinavica
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/00016348609157044
更新日期:1986-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Topical corticosteroids are frequently used drugs, but little is known of the exposure during pregnancy and birth outcome. METHODS:In a population-based follow-up study restricted to primigravida women, we examined the risk of low birth weight, malformations and other birth outcomes following pregnancy upon...
journal_title:Acta obstetricia et gynecologica Scandinavica
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1034/j.1600-0412.2002.810308.x
更新日期:2002-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The incidence of birth has been determined for each hour of the day for all births in Norway in 1968-1977 of fetuses of 16 weeks of gestation or older, with resident mothers. The 24-hour incidence variations of births (A) with spontaneous onset and parturition, (B) with spontaneous onset, but delivery intervention, (C...
journal_title:Acta obstetricia et gynecologica Scandinavica
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/00016348309155754
更新日期:1983-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The influence of maternal, obstetric and fetal risk factors on the prevalence of birth asphyxia at term in a Swedish urban population. OBJECTIVE:To investigate risk factors for Apgar score-defined birth asphyxia, birth asphyxia with hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy and birth asphyxia-related death/disability...
journal_title:Acta obstetricia et gynecologica Scandinavica
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1034/j.1600-0412.2002.811003.x
更新日期:2002-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The advantages of non-closure of the visceral and parietal peritoneum at lower segment cesarean section seems to be evident but in the reports published so far, the number of patients studied has been relatively small and the follow-up periods short. It is obviously of value to reconfirm such important obser...
journal_title:Acta obstetricia et gynecologica Scandinavica
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1034/j.1600-0412.1998.770123.x
更新日期:1998-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Cervical cancer is a common malignant tumor in women; most cervical cancer patients are premenopausal. Ovarian resection or preservation remains controversial. The purpose of this study was to discover the risk factors for ovarian metastasis in women with stage I-II cervical cancer. MATERIAL AND METHODS:A...
journal_title:Acta obstetricia et gynecologica Scandinavica
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1111/aogs.13442
更新日期:2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::A rare case of rupture of an noncommunicating rudimentary horn pregnancy is reported. The pregnancy proceeded to 25 gestational weeks, when the rudimentary horn ruptured. The patient had signs and symptoms of massive hemoperitoneum. An emergency exploratory laparotomy revealed rupture of the gravid rudimentary horn an...
journal_title:Acta obstetricia et gynecologica Scandinavica
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/00016349209009926
更新日期:1992-04-01 00:00:00