Abstract:
:Venous and arterial thromboembolism are a major cause for morbidity and mortality. The list of established drugs for the prevention of thrombus formation and embolisation includes heparins, hirudin and derivatives, aspirin, ADP and glycoprotein IIb/IIIa receptor antagonists, as well as vitamin K antagonists. Several limitations exist for these drugs that have stimulated the search for new and better anticoagulants. A series of selective clotting factor Xa inhibitors and direct factor IIa (thrombin) inhibitors are on the horizon, two of which are getting close to broad clinical application. Additional therapeutics that are still under preclinical and clinical investigation include inhibitors of the tissue factor pathway/factor VII complex, clotting factor VIII and XIII inhibitors and modulators of the protein C pathway or of endogenous fibrinolysis, as well as novel antiplatelet drugs. This review is focused on the current status of development of novel antithrombotics and their clinical potential. Even though only a few of a broad array of antithrombotic agents have reached clinical testing, some hold the potential for significant improvement in efficacy and safety of anticoagulant therapy.
journal_name
Expert Opin Investig Drugsjournal_title
Expert opinion on investigational drugsauthors
Ruef J,Katus HAdoi
10.1517/13543784.12.5.781subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2003-05-01 00:00:00pages
781-97issue
5eissn
1354-3784issn
1744-7658journal_volume
12pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract::Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) is constitutively expressed in the central nervous system, and is thought to have an important functional role therein. COX-2 interacts with neurotransmitters such as acetylcholine, 5-hydroxytryptamine and glutamate but is also involved in the regulation of the central nervous system immune sy...
journal_title:Expert opinion on investigational drugs
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1517/13543784.13.8.1033
更新日期:2004-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are diseases of the airways with an underlying inflammatory component. The prevalence and healthcare burden of asthma and COPD is still rising and is predicted to continue to rise in the current century. The beta-agonists and corticosteroids form the basis of the...
journal_title:Expert opinion on investigational drugs
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1517/13543784.12.1.5
更新日期:2003-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Subjects with atrial fibrillation are at risk of thromboembolic events. The vitamin K antagonists (e.g., warfarin) are useful at preventing coagulation in atrial fibrillation, but are difficult to use. One of the FXa inhibitors, oral apixaban, has been tested as an anticoagulant in atrial fibrillation. AR...
journal_title:Expert opinion on investigational drugs
pub_type: 评论,杂志文章
doi:10.1517/13543784.2012.696611
更新日期:2012-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:In the last decade, concerns have been raised around the use of erythropoiesis-stimulating agents (ESAs) and intravenous iron in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients, especially when given at high doses. Moreover, treatment with ESA is expensive. AREAS COVERED:We searched PubMed for original articles, re...
journal_title:Expert opinion on investigational drugs
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1080/13543784.2018.1493455
更新日期:2018-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:In 2010, about 8.8 million new cases of tuberculosis were recorded and 1.1 million people died of tuberculosis worldwide. Although numbers are in decrease since 2006, tuberculosis still represents a global issue and a major public health threat, due to appearance of multidrug-resistant and extensively drug...
journal_title:Expert opinion on investigational drugs
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1517/13543784.2012.724397
更新日期:2012-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:The unmet need and the growing prevalence of hyperuricemia and its complications worldwide have pushed investigators to identify new agents to manage hyperuricemia. AREAS COVERED:This review discusses the drugs in preclinical and early clinical trials for hyperuricemia, their mechanisms of action and avai...
journal_title:Expert opinion on investigational drugs
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1517/13543784.2015.1051617
更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Ewing sarcoma family tumors (ESFT) are a group of aggressive diseases, characterized histologically by small, round, blue cells and genetically by translocation involving EWS and ETS partner genes. The current treatment of localized Ewing sarcoma (ES) requires a multi-disciplinary approach, including multi...
journal_title:Expert opinion on investigational drugs
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1517/13543784.2016.1168398
更新日期:2016-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Although the combination of an anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody and chemotherapy has widely improved survival of patients with B-cell lymphoma, the disease still relapses. A better understanding of the biology of lymphomas has highlighted the role of the cell of origin in response to treatment and outcome. Le...
journal_title:Expert opinion on investigational drugs
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1080/13543784.2016.1208170
更新日期:2016-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Peritoneal carcinomatosis (PC) is a challenging consequence of certain malignancies, associated with a poor prognosis and limited treatment options. Generally, PC has been treated similarly to metastatic cancers of the primary tumor, but associated with worse outcomes when compared to other sites of metastat...
journal_title:Expert opinion on investigational drugs
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1517/13543780902939151
更新日期:2009-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Introduction: Plasma kallikrein is a mediator of vascular leakage and inflammation. Activation of plasma kallikrein can induce features of diabetic macular edema (DME) in preclinical models. Human vitreous shows elevated plasma kallikrein levels in patients with DME. Because of the incomplete response of some patient...
journal_title:Expert opinion on investigational drugs
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1080/13543784.2020.1723078
更新日期:2020-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Thermo transient receptor potential (thermoTRP) channels are some of the most intensely pursued therapeutic targets of the past decade. They are considered promising targets of numerous diseases including chronic pain and cancer. Modulators of these proteins, in particular TRPV1-4, TRPM8 and TRPA1, have re...
journal_title:Expert opinion on investigational drugs
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/13543784.2020.1825680
更新日期:2020-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Diabetes is a chronic, debilitating disease that afflicts millions of people worldwide and poor glycemic control in this disease leads to numerous microvascular and macrovascular complications. There is growing evidence that tight glycemic control prevents the development, and delays the progression, of microvascular ...
journal_title:Expert opinion on investigational drugs
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1517/13543784.16.10.1673
更新日期:2007-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:The fast actions of the excitatory neurotransmitter glutamate are mediated by glutamate-gated ion channels (ionotropic Glu receptors). Metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGlus) are coupled to second messenger pathways via G proteins and modulate glutamatergic and GABAergic neurotransmission. Of the eight di...
journal_title:Expert opinion on investigational drugs
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1517/13543784.2014.986264
更新日期:2015-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:The small tyrosine kinase inhibitor Imatinib Mesylate (Gleevec) protects against diabetes, but it is not known how. AREAS COVERED:It has been suggested that islet amyloid and fibrotic deposits promote beta-cell failure and death, leading to Type-2 diabetes. As Imatinib is known to possess anti-fibrotic/am...
journal_title:Expert opinion on investigational drugs
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1517/13543784.2012.724398
更新日期:2012-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:We carried out a screen for small molecule selective inhibitors of eukaryotic DNA polymerases (pols). Dehydroaltenusin, isolated from a fungus (Alternaria tenuis), was found to be a specific inhibitor of pol α. AREAS COVERED:We succeeded in chemically synthesizing dehydroaltenusin along with five analogs....
journal_title:Expert opinion on investigational drugs
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1517/13543784.2011.619977
更新日期:2011-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Clinical trials showing the benefits of reducing the effects of TNF- alpha in rheumatoid arthritis have highlighted the key role of the cytokine TNF- alpha in this inflammatory condition. A new approach to reducing the effects of TNF- alpha is to decrease its synthesis by inhibiting TNF- alpha converting enzyme with G...
journal_title:Expert opinion on investigational drugs
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1517/13543784.11.7.1003
更新日期:2002-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Zolmitriptan is a new oral acute treatment for migraine. It is a selective and potent agonist at the serotonin (5-HT)(1B/1D) receptor and was developed to improve on the oral bioavailability, tissue selectivity and CNS penetration of earlier compounds. Animal studies confirmed that these objectives had been attained. ...
journal_title:Expert opinion on investigational drugs
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1517/13543784.7.4.633
更新日期:1998-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::After thousands of years of interest the last few decades have seen a huge increase in our knowledge of the cannabinoids and their mode of action. Their potential as medical therapeutics has long been known. However, very real concerns over their safety and efficacy have lead to caution and suspicion when applying the...
journal_title:Expert opinion on investigational drugs
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1517/13543784.11.10.1365
更新日期:2002-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Atherothrombosis, or thrombus formation, at the site of a disrupted atherosclerotic plaque is the common pathophysiology related to myocardial infarction, ischaemic stroke and peripheral arterial disease. A growing body of evidence demonstrates an important role for vascular inflammation in the pathophysiology of athe...
journal_title:Expert opinion on investigational drugs
pub_type: 社论
doi:10.1517/13543784.13.5.457
更新日期:2004-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Sitagliptin is a once-daily, orally active, competitive and fully reversible inhibitor of dipeptidyl peptidase 4, the enzyme that is responsible for the rapid degradation of the incretin hormone glucagon-like peptide-1. It is the first in this new class of antihyperglycaemic agents to gain regulatory approval for the ...
journal_title:Expert opinion on investigational drugs
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1517/13543784.16.4.533
更新日期:2007-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:IMPORTANCE OF THE FIELD:Treatments of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) that have so far proven efficacious are all based on the restoration of endothelium control of pulmonary vascular tone and structure, by administration of prostacyclins, endothelin receptor antagonists and phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitors. Howeve...
journal_title:Expert opinion on investigational drugs
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1517/13543781003727099
更新日期:2010-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) is the fourth commonest cause of female cancer death in the developed world. Although progress in treatment has improved survival, ∼ 80% of patients with advanced EOC will experience a recurrence and eventually will become resistant to chemotherapy. The aim of treatment for ...
journal_title:Expert opinion on investigational drugs
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1517/13543784.2015.1072168
更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death worldwide, accounting for 30% of all deaths, with elevated blood pressure probably the most important modifiable risk factor. Worldwide, elevated blood pressure is estimated to cause 7.5 million deaths, about 12.8% of the total of all annual deaths. New ...
journal_title:Expert opinion on investigational drugs
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1517/13543784.2013.797962
更新日期:2013-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::There is still considerable interest in cephem antibacterial agents. In fact, there are a significant number of patents submitted for this antibacterial class. All the new cephem derivatives, independent of which group they belong to (III to V), possess a 2-amino-5-thiazolyl or a 5-amino-2-thiadiazolyl ring with an ox...
journal_title:Expert opinion on investigational drugs
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1517/13543784.6.3.305
更新日期:1997-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::PDE3 cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterases are important in cyclic AMP (cAMP) and possibly cyclic GMP-mediated signalling in cardiac and vascular smooth muscle myocytes. Drugs that inhibit these enzymes have inotropic and vasodilatory actions that have proven useful in the short-term treatment of contractile failure an...
journal_title:Expert opinion on investigational drugs
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1517/13543784.11.11.1529
更新日期:2002-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Clinical trials of several platelet glycoprotein (GP) IIb/IIIa receptor inhibitors have demonstrated an unequivocal benefit of this potent antithrombotic therapy in high-risk patients with acute coronary syndromes (ACS) as well as in those undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention. In all of these major trials, ho...
journal_title:Expert opinion on investigational drugs
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1517/13543784.12.9.1567
更新日期:2003-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::At present, the nucleoside reverse transcriptase (RT) inhibitors and protease inhibitors (PI) have dominated the therapeutic options for the treatment of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. From the initial monotherapeutic strategies, to the widely accepted multi-drug cocktails of today, the use of these two...
journal_title:Expert opinion on investigational drugs
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1517/13543784.10.8.1423
更新日期:2001-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Glioblastoma is a primary brain tumor with a poor prognosis despite multimodal therapy including surgery, radiotherapy and alkylating chemotherapy. Novel therapeutic options are therefore urgently needed; however, there have been various drug failures in late-stage clinical development. The proteasome repr...
journal_title:Expert opinion on investigational drugs
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/13543784.2020.1803827
更新日期:2020-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Pompholyx is a chronic relapsing inflammatory vesicobullous skin disease of the hands and feet belonging to the spectrum of eczema. Established treatments, both topical and systemic, are limited in efficacy, risk:benefit ratio and prevention of further relapses. New treatment options are needed. OBJECTIVE:T...
journal_title:Expert opinion on investigational drugs
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1517/13543784.17.6.897
更新日期:2008-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Restenosis, the re-narrowing of the lumen of the coronary artery, in the months following a successful percutaneous balloon angioplasty or stenting, remains the main limitation to percutaneous coronary revascularisation. Serial intravascular ultrasound studies have shown that restenosis after conventional balloon angi...
journal_title:Expert opinion on investigational drugs
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1517/13543784.9.11.2555
更新日期:2000-11-01 00:00:00