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The discriminative stimulus effects of pentylenetetrazol as a model of anxiety: recent developments.

Abstract：

:Pentylenetetrazol (PTZ), a GABA(A) receptor antagonist and prototypical anxiogenic drug, has been extensively utilized in animal models of anxiety. PTZ produces a reliable discriminative stimulus which is largely mediated by the GABA(A) receptor. Several classes of compounds can modulate the PTZ discriminative stimulus including 5-HT(1A), 5-HT(3), NMDA, glycine, and L-type calcium channel ligands. Spontaneous PTZ-lever responding is seen in trained rats during withdrawal from GABA(A) receptor compounds such as chlordiazepoxide and diazepam, and also ethanol, morphine, nicotine, cocaine, haloperidol, and phencyclidine. This effect is largely mediated by the GABA(A) receptor, which suggests that anxiety may be part of a generalized withdrawal syndrome mediated by the GABA(A) receptor. There are also important hormonal influences on PTZ. Corticosterone plays some role in mediation of its anxiogenic effects. There is a marked sex difference in response to the discriminative stimulus effects of PTZ, and estrogens appear to protect against its anxiogenic effects. Further work with the PTZ drug discrimination is warranted for characterization of anxiety during withdrawal, and the hormonal mechanisms of anxiety.

journal_name

Neurosci Biobehav Rev

journal_title

Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews

authors

Jung ME,Lal H,Gatch MB

doi

10.1016/s0149-7634(02)00010-6

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2002-06-01 00:00:00

pages

429-39

issue

4

eissn

0149-7634

issn

1873-7528

pii

S0149763402000106

journal_volume

26

pub_type

杂志文章,评审

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