Abstract:
:In Vietnam, as in many other countries, tuberculosis (TB) control has long been organized exclusively within the public health-care system. However, recently the private health-care sector has become more important and private health-care providers currently have a role in TB care delivery in Vietnam. Through a retrospective survey of patients at District Tuberculosis Units (DTUs) of the National Tuberculosis Programme in Ho Chi Minh City, we investigated utilization of private and public health-care providers among people with symptoms of TB. Eight hundred and one patients in eight DTUs were interviewed. For the current illness episode, about half of the patients had initially opted for a private health-care provider. Twenty-seven percent had been to a private physician and 31% to a private pharmacy at some time during their current illness. We found no significant association between socioeconomic status and use of private health-care providers. Utilization of private health-care providers among people with TB or symptoms of TB in Ho Chi Minh City seems to be similar to the general utilization of private providers in Vietnam, at least before TB is diagnosed. Since a large proportion of people with TB in Ho Chi Minh City across all economic and social strata consult private providers at some time during their illness, planners of TB control strategies need to consider both the health-care seeking behaviour of people with TB and the clinical behaviour of private providers, in order to secure early detection of TB, early initiation of appropriate treatment, and maintenance of appropriate treatment.
journal_name
Health Policy Planjournal_title
Health policy and planningauthors
Lönnroth K,Thuong LM,Linh PD,Diwan VKdoi
10.1093/heapol/16.1.47subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2001-03-01 00:00:00pages
47-54issue
1eissn
0268-1080issn
1460-2237journal_volume
16pub_type
杂志文章abstract::In recent years there has been a growth in the number of independent health policy analysis institutes in low- and middle-income countries which has occurred in response to the limitation of government analytical capacity and pressures associated with democratization. This study aimed to: (i) investigate the contribut...
journal_title:Health policy and planning
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/heapol/czr035
更新日期:2012-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::There is some evidence that female sex workers (FSWs) receive greater earnings for providing unprotected sex. In 2003, the landscape of the fight against HIV/AIDS dramatically changed in India with the introduction of Avahan, the largest HIV prevention programme implemented globally. Using a unique, cross-sectional bi...
journal_title:Health policy and planning
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/heapol/czz100
更新日期:2019-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::This article presents research findings into the effectiveness of an innovative equity fund approach to improving access to public sector health services for the poor in Kirivong Operational Health District in Cambodia. The operational health district is the lowest organizational level in the Cambodian health system, ...
journal_title:Health policy and planning
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/heapol/czj001
更新日期:2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::In 1991, Zimbabwe introduced cost recovery measures as part of its programme of economic reforms, following a course taken by many developing countries. The system of user fees in public health care, aimed to 'protect and support the vulnerable groups' by exemption or incremental fees based on 4 income brackets. Drugs...
journal_title:Health policy and planning
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/heapol/10.3.319
更新日期:1995-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Although the number of direct Ebola-related deaths from the 2013 to 2016 West African Ebola outbreak has been quantified, the number of indirect deaths, resulting from decreased utilization of routine health services, remains unknown. Such information is a key ingredient of health system resilience, essential for adeq...
journal_title:Health policy and planning
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/heapol/czx108
更新日期:2017-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::We assessed the technical content of sugar, salt and trans-fats policies in six countries in relation to the World Health Organization 'Best Buys' guidelines for the prevention and control of non-communicable diseases (NCDs). National research teams identified policies and strategies related to promoting healthy diets...
journal_title:Health policy and planning
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/heapol/czz175
更新日期:2020-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Integrated Management of Childhood Illness (IMCI) has been adopted by over 80 countries as a strategy for reducing child mortality and improving child health and development. It includes complementary interventions designed to address the major causes of child mortality at community, health facility, and health system...
journal_title:Health policy and planning
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/heapol/czh001
更新日期:2004-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::In 1998 Bangladesh began a sector wide approach (SWAp) to the extension of health care to vulnerable groups in the country. The central feature of this approach is the funding of an essential service package (ESP) emphasizing maternal care, certain communicable diseases and child health. This study examines the way in...
journal_title:Health policy and planning
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/heapol/17.3.247
更新日期:2002-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Socio-economic inequalities in maternal and child health are ubiquitous, but limited information is available on how much the quality of care varies according to wealth or ethnicity in low- and middle-income countries. Also, little information exists on quality differences between public and private provider...
journal_title:Health policy and planning
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/heapol/czp065
更新日期:2010-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Previous studies have consistently found an inverse relationship between household-level poverty and health status. However, what is not well understood is whether and how the average economic status at the community level plays a role in the poverty-health relationship. The purpose of this study is to investigate the...
journal_title:Health policy and planning
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/heapol/czj008
更新日期:2006-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Health insurance premium exemptions for pregnant women are a strategy to increase coverage of maternal health services in sub-Saharan countries. We examine health insurance registration among pregnant women before or after the introduction of a premium exemption, and test whether registration increases utili...
journal_title:Health policy and planning
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/heapol/czt086
更新日期:2014-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Distributional economic evaluation estimates the value for money of health interventions in terms of population health and health equity impacts. When applied to interventions delivered at the population and health system-level interventions (PSIs) instead of clinical interventions, additional practical and methodolog...
journal_title:Health policy and planning
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/heapol/czaa181
更新日期:2020-12-31 00:00:00
abstract::The 'Community Action for Preventing HIV/AIDS Project' was implemented in four provinces in Cambodia (2001-04) to support a comprehensive set of HIV prevention efforts. Implementation was strictly monitored in terms of inputs, outputs and outcomes. We examine changes in these variables during the project period to ass...
journal_title:Health policy and planning
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/heapol/czn014
更新日期:2008-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:We examine socio-economic status (SES) and geographic differences in willingness of respondents to pay for community-based health insurance (CBHI). METHODS:The study took place in Anambra and Enugu states, south-east Nigeria. It involved a rural, an urban and a semi-urban community in each of the two states....
journal_title:Health policy and planning
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/heapol/czp046
更新日期:2010-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Informal payments for health care are a well-known phenomenon in many health care systems around the world. While informal payments could be an important source of health care financing, they have an adverse impact on efficiency and access to care, and are a major impediment to ongoing health care reforms. This paper ...
journal_title:Health policy and planning
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/heapol/czw147
更新日期:2017-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::In Ghana, Tanzania and South Africa, health care financing is progressive overall. However, out-of-pocket payments and health insurance for the informal sector are regressive. The distribution of health care benefits is generally pro-rich. This paper explores the factors influencing these distributions in the three co...
journal_title:Health policy and planning
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/heapol/czs024
更新日期:2012-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The financial remuneration of health workers (HWs) is a key concern to address human resources for health challenges. In low-income settings, the exploration of the sources of income available to HWs, their determinants and the livelihoods strategies that those remunerations entail are essential to gain a better under...
journal_title:Health policy and planning
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/heapol/czv131
更新日期:2016-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::It has been argued that targeting delivery of anthelmintics to school-children by taking advantage of the existing education infrastructure and administrative system can be one of the most cost-effective approaches in minimizing the intensity of infections with both schistosomiasis and major intestinal nematodes in ma...
journal_title:Health policy and planning
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/heapol/13.4.384
更新日期:1998-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Policy entrepreneurs are individuals who attempt to influence the policy process and its outcomes through their opportunistic or incremental actions. Their success in the policy-making process has been associated with the convergence of four factors: behavioural traits; institutional factors; network position and poli...
journal_title:Health policy and planning
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/heapol/czv044
更新日期:2015-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Like many other developing countries, Burkina Faso has been exploring how community resources can be tapped to co-finance health services. Although revenue generation is important for the viability of health services, effects on utilization and on equity of access to health care must also be considered. The authors pr...
journal_title:Health policy and planning
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/heapol/9.2.185
更新日期:1994-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Neonatal deaths account for about half of all deaths among children under 5 years of age in Bangladesh, making prevention a major priority. This paper reports on a study of neonatal deaths in 12 areas of Bangladesh served by a large NGO programme, which had high coverage of reproductive health outreach services and re...
journal_title:Health policy and planning
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/heapol/czl024
更新日期:2006-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::As in many developing countries, lack of reliable data and grossly inadequate appreciation and use of available information in planning and management of health services were two main weaknesses of the health information systems in Malawi. Malawi began strengthening its health management information system with an ana...
journal_title:Health policy and planning
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/heapol/czi044
更新日期:2005-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Protecting households from high out-of-pocket (OOP) payments for health care is an important health system goal. High OOP payments can push households into poverty and make them vulnerable to catastrophic health expenditures. This study, based in India, aims to: (a) estimate OOP payments for health and related impover...
journal_title:Health policy and planning
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/heapol/czr029
更新日期:2012-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The advantages of established intergovernmental decision-making arenas for the implementation of health policies in decentralized settings are not well known. This paper presents the case of the joint health management committee, known as the Tripartite Committee, created to formalize intergovernmental decisions about...
journal_title:Health policy and planning
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/heapol/czm004
更新日期:2007-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Many countries have expanded insurance programmes in an effort to achieve universal health coverage (UHC). We assess a complementary path toward financial risk protection: increased access to technologies that improve health and reduce the risk of large health expenditures. Malawi has provided free HIV treatment since...
journal_title:Health policy and planning
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/heapol/czaa023
更新日期:2020-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Concerns about appropriate pricing strategies and the high market share of subsidized condoms prompted Population Services International (PSI)/Myanmar to adopt a total market approach (TMA). This article presents data on the size and composition of the Myanmar condom market, identifies inefficiencies and rec...
journal_title:Health policy and planning
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/heapol/czu056
更新日期:2015-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::In 2006, in response to the high maternal mortality, driven largely by unsafe abortions, the government of Ghana, in partnership with other organizations, launched the reducing maternal mortality and morbidity (R3M) programme in seven districts in Greater Accra, Ashanti and Eastern, to improve comprehensive abortion c...
journal_title:Health policy and planning
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/heapol/czu105
更新日期:2015-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Between 25 and 44% of mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) occurs through breastfeeding. As a result, feeding guidelines for infants of HIV-infected mothers are being formulated in many resource-poor countries. The impact of introducing these guidelines on mothers' ac...
journal_title:Health policy and planning
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/heapol/czg020
更新日期:2003-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Facing escalating health care expenditures, the governments of countries with national health insurance programs are trying to control or even to reduce health care utilization. Little research has examined the effects of decreased health care utilization on health outcomes. Applying a natural experiment design to the...
journal_title:Health policy and planning
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/heapol/czr080
更新日期:2012-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::A decade after the first International Conference on Safe Motherhood, maternal mortality remains very high in most West African countries, even in capital cities. The detection of high risk pregnancies, known as the risk approach, during antenatal consultations has been the basis of most maternal and child health prog...
journal_title:Health policy and planning
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/heapol/15.1.11
更新日期:2000-03-01 00:00:00