Pharmacokinetics and central nervous system toxicity of declopramide (3-chloroprocainamide) in rats and mice.

Abstract:

:Declopramide (3-chloroprocainamide) has been identified in previous studies as a representative of a new class of chemosensitizers. In this study, the toxicity and pharmacokinetics of declopramide have been investigated and compared with a structural analog, metoclopramide (MCA). Declopramide has not induced central nervous system (CNS)-related side effects in rats at doses up to 200 mg/kg, whereas MCA does at 12.5 mg/kg. In addition, declopramide did not bind to dopamine D2 receptors in subcellular preparations at doses up to 100 microM, whereas MCA showed affinity at 1 microM. Declopramide bound with affinity to 5-hydroxytryptamine3 receptors which are important in controlling vomiting. In contrast to MCA, declopramide has a rapid clearance from serum, a lower tissue concentration (about 15-fold lower than MCA) and a lower oral bioavailability (about 6-fold lower than MCA). However, declopramide was shown in vitro to possess a higher tumor cell absorption rate. One of the main metabolites of declopramide was identified as N-acetyl declopramide. Taken together, these data suggest that the clinical development of declopramide as a sensitizer of radio- and chemotherapies is an improvement over MCA, because it can be administered in a high dose and is devoid of CNS side effects.

journal_name

Anticancer Drugs

journal_title

Anti-cancer drugs

authors

Hua J,Pero RW,Kane R

doi

10.1097/00001813-199901000-00010

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

1999-01-01 00:00:00

pages

79-88

issue

1

eissn

0959-4973

issn

1473-5741

journal_volume

10

pub_type

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