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Risk of blood contamination of health care workers in spine surgery. A study of 324 cases.

Abstract：

STUDY DESIGN:The relative risk of blood contamination during spine surgery was studied using data collected from 324 procedures. OBJECTIVES:To analyze demographic factors that predict blood-borne pathogens in the population of spine surgery patients, study the rates and patterns of blood contamination in health care workers (i.e., skin-penetrating incidents and nonpenetrating surface skin contamination from patients' blood) and compare those risks with those in other surgical departments, and analyze the effectiveness of barrier systems worn by the surgical team. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA:The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention has reported 49 health care workers infected by the human immunodeficiency virus through occupational exposure. Several studies have noted the risk of blood contamination in various surgical departments, but the relative risk during spine surgery has not been determined. METHODS:This year-long survey included 9795 cases, or 60,789 health care worker--patient contacts, of which spine disorders comprised 324 cases (2234 health care workers and patients). Data collection forms were designed and inservice training conducted with operating room staffs. Information regarding type of case, staff position (surgeon, assistant, scrub nurse, circulator), protective clothing worn, length of operating room time, blood loss, incidence of blood spills, was recorded, among other data. RESULTS:Prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus in patients in the overall series was 0.19% versus 0.93% in spine patients. The rate of HCW contamination in the overall series was 7.76%, of which 0.92% resulted from skin-penetrating incidents. Contamination in spine surgery occurred in 31.86% of cases, of which 1.23% were the result of skin-penetrating incidents. CONCLUSIONS:Health care workers in spine surgery have a statistically significant overall higher risk of blood contamination than do those in other surgical departments. The increased risk occurred with blood contacting intact skin. There was no higher risk for skin penetrating injury. Analysis of data suggests that health care workers always should wear double gloves, forearm-reinforced gowns, and eye protection.

journal_name

Spine (Phila Pa 1976)

journal_title

Spine

authors

Wong DA,Jones AA,Lange K

doi

10.1097/00007632-199806010-00018

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

1998-06-01 00:00:00

pages

1261-6

issue

eissn

0362-2436

issn

1528-1159

journal_volume

pub_type

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Risk of blood contamination of health care workers in spine surgery. A study of 324 cases.