Abstract：
:Conventional statistical approaches rely heavily on the properties of the central limit theorem to bridge the gap between the characteristics of a sample and some theoretical sampling distribution. Problems associated with nonrandom sampling, unknown population distributions, heterogeneous variances, small sample sizes, and missing data jeopardize the assumptions of such approaches and cast skepticism on conclusions. Conventional nonparametric alternatives offer freedom from distribution assumptions, but design limitations and loss of power can be serious drawbacks. With the data-processing capacity of today's computers, a new dimension of distribution-free statistical methods has evolved that addresses many of the limitations of conventional parametric and nonparametric methods. Computer-intensive statistical methods involve reshuffling, resampling, or simulating a data set thousands of times to empirically define a sampling distribution for a chosen test statistic. The only assumption necessary for valid results is the random assignment of experimental units to the test groups or treatments. Application to a real data set illustrates the advantages of these methods, including freedom from distribution assumptions without loss of power, complete choice over test statistics, easy adaptation to design complexities and missing data, and considerable intuitive appeal. The illustrations also reveal that computer-intensive methods can be more time consuming than conventional methods and the amount of computer code required to orchestrate reshuffling, resampling, or simulation procedures can be appreciable.
journal_name
Ecotoxicol Environ Safjournal_title
Ecotoxicology and environmental safetyauthors
Pitt DG,Kreutzweiser DPdoi
10.1006/eesa.1997.1619subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1998-02-01 00:00:00pages
78-97issue
2eissn
0147-6513issn
1090-2414pii
S0147-6513(97)91619-5journal_volume
39pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:Trahira (Hoplias malabaricus) used to investigate the effects of successive Pb(II) or tributyltin (TBT) dietary doses. After 70 days of acclimation, individuals were exposed to 21 microg Pbg(-1) or 0.3 microg TBTg(-1) (5-day intervals, 14 doses). Two experiments were conducted to investigate the histopathological effe...
journal_title：Ecotoxicology and environmental safety
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ecoenv.2004.03.002
更新日期：2005-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In this study a new calix[4]arene triazole 5 was successfully synthesized using click reaction and characterized through UV-visible, FT-IR, 1H NMR spectroscopes and Mass Spectrometry. The supramolecular interaction of compound 5 towards commonly used drugs has been carried out using UV-Visible spectroscopy. The supram...
journal_title：Ecotoxicology and environmental safety
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ecoenv.2017.08.023
更新日期：2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Bone mineral density (BMD) changes were reported to be associated with excessive fluoride exposure and abnormal expression of RUNX2. However, whether the alteration of methylation status, a most commonly used marker for the alteration of gene expression in epidemiological investigation, of RUNX2 is associated with low...
journal_title：Ecotoxicology and environmental safety
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.111031
更新日期：2020-10-15 00:00:00
abstract：:2,4,6-tribromophenol (TBP) is generally used as a brominated flame retardant but is produced in the degradation of tetrabromobisphenol-A. Although TBP is frequently detected in the environment and in various biota, including fish species, we still know little about its toxicity and environmental health risk. Here we i...
journal_title：Ecotoxicology and environmental safety
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.111207
更新日期：2020-12-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Synthetic azo dyes have increasingly become a matter of great concern as a result of the genotoxic and mutagenic potential of the products derived from azo dye biotransformation. This work evaluates the manner in which reducing enzymes produced by Escherichia coli (E. coli) act on three disperse dyes bearing azo group...
journal_title：Ecotoxicology and environmental safety
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ecoenv.2018.04.066
更新日期：2018-09-30 00:00:00
abstract：:Air pollution exposure has been associated with hypertension, but limited studies have examined the associations in diabetic patients. We aimed to examine the associations of exposure to air pollution with blood pressure in diabetic patients. We identified patients who were previously diagnosed as type-2 diabetes mell...
journal_title：Ecotoxicology and environmental safety
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ecoenv.2018.12.069
更新日期：2019-04-30 00:00:00
abstract：:The performance of cornstack based biofilter inoculated with a mixed culture was evaluated for gas phase MEK removal under various operating conditions. Experiments were carried out at different flow rates (0.03-0.12m3h-1) and various initial concentrations (0.2-1.2g-3). A maximum elimination capacity (EC) of 35g-3h-1...
journal_title：Ecotoxicology and environmental safety
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ecoenv.2015.09.016
更新日期：2016-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:While the standard models of concentration addition and independent action predict overall toxicity of multicomponent mixtures reasonably, interactions may limit the predictive capability when a few compounds dominate a mixture. This study was conducted to test if statistically significant systematic deviations from c...
journal_title：Ecotoxicology and environmental safety
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ecoenv.2008.07.006
更新日期：2009-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:After a long-term toxicity study on Bisphenol A (BPA), the European Union and U.S food and drug administration updating the rules regarding the usage of BPA by extending the prohibition of BPA to include in the production of papers, on February 2018. Therefore, it is essential to establish the trace level BPA detector...
journal_title：Ecotoxicology and environmental safety
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ecoenv.2018.06.045
更新日期：2018-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:To test the hypothesis that broad spectrum antibodies may be developed as biomarkers useful in detecting the consequence of combined environmental stresses in a wide variety of tissues and organisms, a stretch of 16 amino acids, TVPAYFNDSQRQATKDA, a well-conserved portion of heat shock 70 proteins, was identified, aga...
journal_title：Ecotoxicology and environmental safety
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1006/eesa.1997.1544
更新日期：1997-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:During its development, embryo is easily susceptible to reactive oxygen species (ROS). Evidence demonstrate protective role of the antioxidants, improving both cellular growth and embryonic development. Among these, ellagic acid (EA) is a natural antioxidant with anti-inflammatory and anti-carcinogen properties. The a...
journal_title：Ecotoxicology and environmental safety
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.110642
更新日期：2020-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The present study deals with the adsorption of phenol on carbon-rich black gram husk (BGH), green gram husk (GGH), and rice husk (RH). All these agro-wastes were collected from the local mills and physico-chemical treatments were carried out to improve their adsorption capacity. Batch studies were performed to evaluat...
journal_title：Ecotoxicology and environmental safety
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ecoenv.2007.08.008
更新日期：2008-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Laboratory experiments were undertaken to relate biomarker responses to the toxicities of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) and sodium pentachlorophenate (PCP-Na), both individually and combined. The acute toxicities of MWCNTs and PCP-Na on earthworm Eisenia fetida were studied through different exposure methods ...
journal_title：Ecotoxicology and environmental safety
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ecoenv.2014.01.041
更新日期：2014-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Total dissolved gas (TDG) supersaturation generated by discharged flood water may cause the death of fish downstream of dams and severely threaten their survival during the flood season. No study has performed to investigate the effects of TDG on fish dwelling in shallows in China. Furthermore, varied TDG levels are c...
journal_title：Ecotoxicology and environmental safety
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.110855
更新日期：2020-09-15 00:00:00
abstract：:The effects of the insecticidal Cry1Ab protein from Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) on the nematode, Caenorhabditis elegans, were studied with soil from experimental fields cultivated with transgenic Bt corn (MON810) and with trypsinized Cry1Ab protein expressed in Escherichia coli. The content of Cry1Ab protein was above...
journal_title：Ecotoxicology and environmental safety
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ecoenv.2007.10.017
更新日期：2008-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Comparatively limited knowledge is known about the accumulation processes of tributyltin (TBT) and triphenyltin (TPT) in fish and aquatic plant in the freshwater environment, which has hindered a full understanding of their bioaccumulation potential and ecological risks. In the present study, sorption of TBT and TPT o...
journal_title：Ecotoxicology and environmental safety
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.110289
更新日期：2020-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The mining and processing of nickel ores from tropical regions contributes 40% of the global supply. The potential impact of these activities on tropical marine ecosystems is poorly understood. Due to the lack of ecotoxicity data for tropical marine species, there is currently no available water quality guideline valu...
journal_title：Ecotoxicology and environmental safety
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ecoenv.2018.05.010
更新日期：2018-09-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Contamination of soil with heavy metals has become an issue of concern on global scale. This study investigates the translocation of lead (Pb) along the soil - plant (eggplant and tomato) - mealybug (Dysmicoccus neobrevipes) - ladybird beetle (Cryptolaemus montrouzieri) food chain. Soil amendments used for this study ...
journal_title：Ecotoxicology and environmental safety
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ecoenv.2017.05.032
更新日期：2017-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cyanobacterial blooms and cyanotoxins occur in freshwater lakes and reservoirs all over the world. Bacterial degradation of microcystins (MC), hepatotoxins produced by several cyanobacterial species, has also been broadly documented. However, information regarding MC biodegradation in European water bodies is very lim...
journal_title：Ecotoxicology and environmental safety
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ecoenv.2017.07.046
更新日期：2017-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:To improve the effect of coal fly ash on the remediation of heavy metal polluted soils, the active silicate material (ASM) was prepared by coal fly ash and the remediation of lead polluted soils by ASM was investigated in this study. To study the reaction mechanism between ASM and Pb(II) in soil, the Pb(II) adsorption...
journal_title：Ecotoxicology and environmental safety
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.111409
更新日期：2020-12-15 00:00:00
abstract：:A series of 21 N'-phenyl-N,N-disubstituted ureas was studied for its effects on thylakoidal electron transfer, photophosphorylation, and photosynthetic O2 evolution in class A chloroplasts and leaf fragments. The concentrations of test compounds that produced 50% inhibition of PS II electron transfer and of photosynth...
journal_title：Ecotoxicology and environmental safety
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1006/eesa.1994.1040
更新日期：1994-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Combined effects of cadmium (Cd) and acid rain on physiological characteristics in Eleocarpus glabripetalus seedlings were investigated under controlled conditions. The single Cd treatment and the combined Cd and acid rain treatment increased growth at low Cd concentrations, while decreased growth and photosynthesis a...
journal_title：Ecotoxicology and environmental safety
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ecoenv.2019.03.026
更新日期：2019-07-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Understanding the toxicity of certain potentially toxic compounds on various aquatic organisms allows to assess the impact that these pollutants on the aquatic biota. One source of pollution is the wastewater from hemodialysis. The process of sewage treatment is inefficient in inhibition and removal of pathogenic bact...
journal_title：Ecotoxicology and environmental safety
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ecoenv.2014.01.009
更新日期：2014-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The effects of chlorpyrifos, an organophosphorus insecticide, were examined on the activity of the nervous system enzyme acetylcholinesterase (AChE) in the threeridge mussel Amblema plicata in a 24-day laboratory test. Thirty-six mussels in each of seven treatments (18 mussels per duplicate) were exposed to chlorpyrif...
journal_title：Ecotoxicology and environmental safety
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1006/eesa.2000.2036
更新日期：2001-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Occurrence of arsenic in the aquatic environment of West Bengal (India), Bangladesh and other countries are of immediate environmental concern. In the present study, zebrafish (Danio rerio) was used as a model to investigate oxidative stress related enzyme activities and expression of antioxidant genes in the brain to...
journal_title：Ecotoxicology and environmental safety
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ecoenv.2014.05.012
更新日期：2014-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Following oil extraction in the wetland of the Yellow River Delta, heavy metal contamination of coastal saline-alkaline soil, especially with cadmium (Cd), has become a serious environmental problem in some regions. Biochar application has been proposed to remedy Cd-contaminated soil, but the remediation effect is rel...
journal_title：Ecotoxicology and environmental safety
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.111172
更新日期：2020-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Soil acts as a repository for many metals that human activity releases into the environment. Cadmium enters agricultural soils primarily from application of phosphate fertilizers and sewage sludge. Among soil bacteria, rhizobia have a great agronomic and environmental significance and are major contributors to a susta...
journal_title：Ecotoxicology and environmental safety
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ecoenv.2018.07.125
更新日期：2018-12-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Estuarine sediment contamination is a growing significant ecological issue in New Zealand. Methods of assessing toxicity and ecological impacts in a cost effective way are currently limited. Further to that is a need to develop bioassays that generate data quickly and cost effectively and have ecological relevance to ...
journal_title：Ecotoxicology and environmental safety
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ecoenv.2007.12.008
更新日期：2008-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The widespread usage of plastic film increased the content of phthalic acid esters (PAEs) in the environment, causing PAE residue in vegetables and subsequently increasing health risks to humans when consuming them. In this work, the presence, distribution and risk assessment of 15 PAEs in soils and peppers from subur...
journal_title：Ecotoxicology and environmental safety
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.110551
更新日期：2020-06-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Metals are widespread pollutants in the environment which have been reported to be associated with kidney dysfunction in many existing epidemiological studies. However, most of the studies are cross-sectional design and mainly focus on several toxic metals including arsenic, lead and cadmium. Therefore, we conducted t...
journal_title：Ecotoxicology and environmental safety
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ecoenv.2019.110006
更新日期：2020-02-01 00:00:00
