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Added risk approach to derive maximum permissible concentrations for heavy metals: how to take natural background levels into account.

Abstract：

:A unified method is presented to derive maximum permissible concentrations (MPCs) of xenobiotic and naturally occurring substances. The method relies upon risk limitation expressed as the maximum potentially affected fraction of all possible species (PAFmax) in a component ecosystem, due to a bioavailable concentration of the considered substance. For xenobiotic compounds the method is simplified to the "HC5 approach," i.e., the MPC equals the hazardous concentration at which 5% of the species are unprotected. If the natural background of a substance is (partly) bioavailable, the related background effect, also expressed as PAF, is taken into account in deriving a MPC. Examples are given and MPCs for zinc, chromium, cadmium, copper, and lead for different levels of bioavailability in water are developed.

journal_name

Ecotoxicol Environ Saf

journal_title

Ecotoxicology and environmental safety

authors

Struijs J,van de Meent D,Peijnenburg WJ,van den Hoop MA,Crommentuijn T

doi

10.1006/eesa.1997.1534

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

1997-07-01 00:00:00

pages

112-8

issue

2

eissn

0147-6513

issn

1090-2414

pii

S0147-6513(97)91534-7

journal_volume

37

pub_type

杂志文章

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