Abstract:
:A unique strategy for the enhancement of secondary binding of an inhibitor to an enzyme has been demonstrated in the design of new human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) protease inhibitors. When the planar benzene ring of a 4-hydroxycoumarin lead compound (1a, Ki = 0.800 microM) was replaced with medium-sized (i.e., 7-9), conformationally-flexible, alkyl rings, the enzyme inhibitory activity of the resulting compounds was dramatically improved, and inhibitors with more than 50-fold better binding (e.g., 5d, Ki = 0.015 microM) were obtained. X-ray crystal structures of these inhibitors complexed with HIV protease indicated the cycloalkyl rings were able to fold into the S1' pocket of the enzyme and fill it much more effectively than the rigid benzene ring of the 4-hydroxycoumarin compound. This work has resulted in the identification of a promising lead structure for the design of potent, deliverable HIV protease inhibitors. Compound 5d, a small (MW = 324), nonpeptidic structure, has already shown several advantages over peptidic inhibitors, including high oral bioavailability (91-99%), a relatively long half-life (4.9 h), and ease of synthesis (three steps).
journal_name
J Med Chemjournal_title
Journal of medicinal chemistryauthors
Romines KR,Watenpaugh KD,Tomich PK,Howe WJ,Morris JK,Lovasz KD,Mulichak AM,Finzel BC,Lynn JC,Horng MMdoi
10.1021/jm00011a008subject
Has Abstract,Author List Incompletepub_date
1995-05-26 00:00:00pages
1884-91issue
11eissn
0022-2623issn
1520-4804journal_volume
38pub_type
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