Abstract:
:The determination of therapeutic levels of glyceryl trinitrate (GTN), isosorbide dinitrate (ISDN), pentaerythritol tetranitrate (PETN), and their metabolites in human plasma was conducted using the TEA Analyzer interfaced to a high-performance liquid chromatograph (HPLC-TEA). Chromatographic separation of these compounds was accomplished under isocratic HPLC conditions. The sensitivity of the instrument was established to be 0.1 ng for each of the three nitrate esters. At the 5 ng ml-1 plasma fortification level, the precision of the method gives mean relative standard deviations (RSD) of +/- 10.2 per cent, +/- 6.5 per cent, and +/- 5.9 per cent for GTN, ISDN, and PETN, respectively. The recoveries for the nitrate esters and their metabolites from human plasma over the range 1-50 ng ml-1 are presented. The specific and sensitive HPLC-TEA method developed in this study provides a reliable and rapid assay for the routine analysis for metabolism or bioavailability studies of nitrate esters and their metabolites in plasma of blood, with a detection limit as low as 1 ng ml-1.
journal_name
Biopharm Drug Disposjournal_title
Biopharmaceutics & drug dispositionauthors
Yu WC,Goff EUdoi
10.1002/bdd.2510040403subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1983-10-01 00:00:00pages
311-9issue
4eissn
0142-2782issn
1099-081Xjournal_volume
4pub_type
杂志文章abstract::The steady-state pharmacokinetics of an ultralong sustained release formulation of theophylline (Unilong) twice daily (bid) in elderly hospitalized patients suffering from chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) have been studied in order to establish guidelines for monitoring. The study was carried out in 37 pat...
journal_title:Biopharmaceutics & drug disposition
pub_type: 临床试验,指南,杂志文章,实务指引
doi:10.1002/bdd.354
更新日期:2003-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::In this comparative bioavailability study in 12 healthy volunteers the blood level profiles of both propranolol and bendrofluazide were studied following the multiple oral administration of the drugs as a fixed combination (Inderetic) and as a free combination at doses of 80 mg propranolol twice daily and 2.5 mg bendr...
journal_title:Biopharmaceutics & drug disposition
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1002/bdd.2510020209
更新日期:1981-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study aims to characterize the pharmacodynamic properties of denosumab, a RANK ligand inhibitor, and ibandronate, a bisphosphonate, using an integrated bone homeostasis model in postmenopausal women. Mean temporal profiles of denosumab, serum and urine N-telopeptide (sNTX, uNTX), lumbar spine bone mineral density...
journal_title:Biopharmaceutics & drug disposition
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1002/bdd.770
更新日期:2011-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:Amifostine is a prodrug in which selectivity is largely determined by the preferential formation and uptake of its cytoprotective metabolite, WR-1065, in normal tissues as a result of differences in membrane-bound alkaline phosphatase activity. It was hypothesized that amifostine may be a good candidate for reg...
journal_title:Biopharmaceutics & drug disposition
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/bdd.380
更新日期:2004-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The pharmacokinetics of methylprednisolone and methylprednisolone phosphate were investigated after intravenous administration of methylprednisolone phosphate to six healthy subjects at seven different doses between 16 and 1000 mg. Plasma, urine, and saliva were analyzed for methylprednisolone and methylprednisolone p...
journal_title:Biopharmaceutics & drug disposition
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1002/bdd.2510100504
更新日期:1989-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Previously we demonstrated that a hydrophilic HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor, pravastatin, was actively taken up by the liver via the 'multispecific anion transporter' using isolated rat hepatocytes (M. Yamazaki, H. Suzuki, M. Hanano, T. Tokui, T. Komai, and Y. Sugiyama, Am. J. Physiol., 264, G36-G44 (1993)). Such a carr...
journal_title:Biopharmaceutics & drug disposition
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/(SICI)1099-081X(199612)17:9<775::AID-BDD99
更新日期:1996-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The pharmacokinetics of a non-narcotic analgesic, DA-5018, were compared after single intravenous (i.v.), subcutaneous (s.c.), and oral administrations, and after multiple (seven consecutive days) s.c. administration to rats. After i.v. administration of DA-5018, 1, 2, and 5 mg kg-1, the pharmacokinetic parameters of ...
journal_title:Biopharmaceutics & drug disposition
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/(sici)1099-081x(199803)19:2<101::aid-bdd81
更新日期:1998-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Rifampicin, a poorly soluble drug, has great importance in therapeutics as it is the main drug used to treat tuberculosis. The characterization of its permeability and the factors that influence it represent an important tool for predicting its bioavailability. Caco-2 cell monolayers were used as models of the intesti...
journal_title:Biopharmaceutics & drug disposition
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/bdd.1802
更新日期:2012-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The pharmacokinetics of fluvoxamine after single oral administration of 25, 50, and 100 mg fluvoxamine maleate was studied in a three-way cross-over study in 12 healthy male subjects. Fluvoxamine was administered orally in a solution. For dose-proportionality, AUC, and Cmax-dose relationships were evaluated by linear ...
journal_title:Biopharmaceutics & drug disposition
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1002/bdd.2510140403
更新日期:1993-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The first day test dose versus steady-state relationship for predicting drug doses was evaluated for the situation where metabolites are produced. An organ clearance model incorporated into a digital computer program simulated drug and metabolite disposition. When the terminal elimination rate for metabolite was simil...
journal_title:Biopharmaceutics & drug disposition
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/bdd.2510040105
更新日期:1983-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The following results were obtained recently from our laboratories; in rats with 72-h water deprivation (rats with dehydration), the hepatic cytochrome P450 2E1 (CYP2E1) was three-fold induced with an increase in the mRNA. Rehydration of 48-h water-deprived rats for the next 24 h with free access of food (rats with re...
journal_title:Biopharmaceutics & drug disposition
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/bdd.335
更新日期:2003-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Raltegravir is a human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1 integrase strand transfer inhibitor currently marketed at a dose of 400 mg twice-daily (b.i.d.). Raltegravir 1200 mg once-daily (q.d.) (investigational q.d. formulation of 2 × 600 mg tablets; q.d. RAL) was found to be generally well tolerated and non-inferior to th...
journal_title:Biopharmaceutics & drug disposition
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1002/bdd.2043
更新日期:2016-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Loxoprofen (LX) is a prodrug-type non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug which is used not only as an oral drug but also as a transdermal formulation. As a pharmacologically active metabolite, the trans-alcohol form of LX (trans-OH form) is generated after oral administration to humans. The objectives of this study were...
journal_title:Biopharmaceutics & drug disposition
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/bdd.1945
更新日期:2015-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::An evaluation of the literature indicated that certain aspects of the disposition kinetics of iothalamate, important to the accurate determination of glomerular filtration rate in dogs and humans, remain to be resolved. The simultaneous clearances of iothalamate and inulin in 5 dogs were determined at three steady-sta...
journal_title:Biopharmaceutics & drug disposition
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/bdd.2510070405
更新日期:1986-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::In order to determine the absolute bioavailability, both oral and intravenous administrations of a drug are often used. Recently a new method has been proposed to determine absolute bioavailability in the absence of intravenous dose. Following a single oral dose, this method requires oral and renal clearance data from...
journal_title:Biopharmaceutics & drug disposition
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/(sici)1099-081x(199708)18:6<465::aid-bdd41
更新日期:1997-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cardizem SR and Bi-Tildiem were both approved in their respective countries on the basis of clinical trials demonstrating efficacy and safety in the treatment of angina pectoris. In this cross-over randomized study, we assessed whether these two sustained-release formulations of diltiazem have equivalent pharmacokinet...
journal_title:Biopharmaceutics & drug disposition
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1002/bdd.2510140903
更新日期:1993-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::EMA401, (the S-enantiomer of 5-(benzyloxy)-2-(2,2-diphenylacetyl)-6-methoxy-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline-3-carboxylic acid), also known as Olodanrigan, is an orally active selective angiotensin II type 2 receptor (AT2 R) antagonist that is in Phase IIb clinical development as a novel analgesic for the relief of chro...
journal_title:Biopharmaceutics & drug disposition
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/bdd.2226
更新日期:2020-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The pharmacokinetics of an intravenous injection of disopyramide was studied in five normal subjects and six patients with varying degrees of renal impairment. The elimination rate constant (beta) was related to the endogenous creatinine clearance (Clcr). However, a decrease in beta was not observed until the Clcr was...
journal_title:Biopharmaceutics & drug disposition
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/bdd.2510010308
更新日期:1980-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::A three-way crossover study in 18 healthy male volunteers was conducted to evaluate the bioequivalence of three different 200 mg anhydrous theophylline immediate-release (IR) capsules. The products had not been rated as therapeutically equivalent by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) owing to a lack of bioequiv...
journal_title:Biopharmaceutics & drug disposition
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1002/1099-081x(199912)20:9<417::aid-bdd205>3.0.
更新日期:1999-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Betahistine, a potent histamine H3 receptor antagonist, is being developed for the treatment of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) that manifests with symptoms such as hyperactivity, impulsivity and inattention. This study describes the pharmacokinetics of betahistine in ADHD subjects at doses higher than...
journal_title:Biopharmaceutics & drug disposition
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1002/bdd.1955
更新日期:2015-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The objective of this study was to assess the effect of dietary fibers on the transport of losartan, an angiotensin II type 1 receptor blocker, in small intestinal cells. Using Caco-2 cells in vitro, losartan uptake and transport were evaluated in the presence of various fibers (cellulose, chitosan, sodium alginate an...
journal_title:Biopharmaceutics & drug disposition
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/bdd.2004
更新日期:2016-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::A pharmacokinetic study of sachets containing nalidixic acid (0.66 g) associated with sodium citrate (3.75 g)--NSC--was carried out in 10 healthy volunteers in order to determine the influence of the urine alcalinization due to sodium citrate on the elimination of nalidixic acid (NA) and its 7-hydroxy (HNA) and 7-carb...
journal_title:Biopharmaceutics & drug disposition
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/bdd.2510050303
更新日期:1984-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The pharmacokinetics of mexiletine and its metabolite hydroxy-methyl-mexiletine have been investigated following single-dose and during multiple-dose administration of a sustained-release form of mexiletine to six post-myocardial infarct patients. Comparison of single-dose and washout pharmacokinetics, after short-ter...
journal_title:Biopharmaceutics & drug disposition
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/bdd.2510130702
更新日期:1992-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::In order to evaluate the influence of food and time of administration on the absorption of diethylamine chromocarbe, a bioavailability study was performed in 8 volunteers by using a new method of plasmatic drug evaluation. The results obtained indicate that lunch has little effect on diethylamine chromocarbe absorptio...
journal_title:Biopharmaceutics & drug disposition
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1002/bdd.2510070311
更新日期:1986-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The objective of this study was to assess the effect of food on the pharmacokinetics of nefazodone (NEF). A group of 24 healthy adult male volunteers received a single 200 mg dose of NEF under fasting conditions as well as 5 min after a high-fat breakfast. There was a 1 week washout between treatments. Serial blood sa...
journal_title:Biopharmaceutics & drug disposition
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1002/(SICI)1099-081X(199603)17:2<135::AID-BDD94
更新日期:1996-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Studies were designed to allow an in vivo estimation of the hepatic extraction ratio and to test the hypothesis that the pharmacokinetic parameters of (-)-CBV are significantly different during anesthesia. (-)-CBV was administered as an i.v. bolus followed by i.v. infusion into either the portal (n = 3) or the jugular...
journal_title:Biopharmaceutics & drug disposition
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/bdd.2510160407
更新日期:1995-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The bioavailability of an improved formulation of enteric-coated phenylbutazone with faster dissolution, more consistent in vitro rate of drug release and improved stability was compared in 8 normal subjects at doses of 100 and 200 mg with commercially available Butacote. Phenylbutazone was more rapidly absorbed from ...
journal_title:Biopharmaceutics & drug disposition
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1002/bdd.2510030109
更新日期:1982-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effect of water deprivation on the physiologic, biochemical, and disposition parameters of erythromycin was investigated in rabbits. The packed cell volume, plasma glucose, and total lipid concentration increased significantly in dehydration. The pharmacokinetic parameters of erythromycin after intravenous adminis...
journal_title:Biopharmaceutics & drug disposition
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/bdd.2510130202
更新日期:1992-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Sulforaphane (SFN) is an isothiocyanate that is present in widely consumed vegetables. Previous studies have shown that SFN is effective in preventing carcinogenesis induced by carcinogens in rodents. Recently it was found that SFN could also suppress the growth of intestinal polyps in the ApcMin/+ mouse. In the prese...
journal_title:Biopharmaceutics & drug disposition
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/bdd.522
更新日期:2006-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Four experimental controlled-release oral solid dosage formulations were developed and the in vitro dissolution characteristics of theophylline from these formulations were studied in USP apparatus I. Pharmacokinetic evaluation of these formulations was carried out in eight beagle dogs under fasting conditions. Theoph...
journal_title:Biopharmaceutics & drug disposition
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/(SICI)1099-081X(199604)17:3<259::AID-BDD95
更新日期:1996-04-01 00:00:00