Abstract：
:Recent reports have suggested that the use of smokeless tobacco is increasing in adolescents, and is particularly high in Native Americans, causing concern about possible effects on oral health. In this study, 226 Navajo Indians, aged 14-19, were interviewed regarding their use of smokeless tobacco (ST), cigarettes, and alcohol. Midbuccal and mesiobuccal sites on all fully erupted permanent teeth (excluding third molars) were examined for the presence of gingival bleeding, gingival recession, calculus, and loss of periodontal attachment. The oral mucosa was examined for evidence of leukoplakia. 64.2% (145) of the subjects (75.4% of the boys and 49.0% of the girls) were users of ST. Of these, over 95% used snuff alone or in combination with chewing tobacco. 55.9% used ST one or more days per week. 52.2% consumed alcohol, usually beer or wine, and 54.0% smoked cigarettes. 25.5% (37) of the users and 3.7% (3) of the non-users had leukoplakia. The duration (in years) and frequency of ST use (days per week) were highly significant risk factors associated with leukoplakia. However, the concomitant use of alcohol or cigarettes did not appear to increase the prevalence of these lesions. No consistent relationship was observed between the use of ST and gingival bleeding, calculus, gingival recession, or attachment loss, either when comparing users to non-users or when comparing the segment where the tobacco quid was habitually placed to a within-subject control segment. In view of these results, there is little doubt that smokeless tobacco is significantly related to the etiology of leukoplakia. As some evidence exists that smokeless tobacco use is a significant risk factor associated with oral carcinoma, intervention programs to discourage the use of smokeless tobacco by adolescents should be a public health priority.
journal_name
Community Dent Oral Epidemioljournal_title
Community dentistry and oral epidemiologyauthors
Wolfe MD,Carlos JPdoi
10.1111/j.1600-0528.1987.tb00527.xsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
1987-08-01 00:00:00pages
230-5issue
4eissn
0301-5661issn
1600-0528journal_volume
15pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:The purpose of this study was to determine the personal utility of asymptomatic third molar removal in military patients. From 1 to 30 days (mean = 7.4) after the extraction of one or more third molars, 100 returning patients (all male, mean age = 20.1) were asked to respond to hypothetical questions concerning the ex...
journal_title：Community dentistry and oral epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1600-0528.1990.tb00072.x
更新日期：1990-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Examination of 2,138 subjects, aged 15-65+ years, was carried out by calibrated examiners using mirrors and fibre optic illumination. Each subject was scored by the Periodontal Status Index, PSI (WHO Oral Health Surveys), Periodontal Index, PI (Russell) and the Oral Hygiene Index, OHI (Greene & Vermillion). For the PS...
journal_title：Community dentistry and oral epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1600-0528.1978.tb01159.x
更新日期：1978-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The periodontal condition of 300 Turkish troops was investigated using the modified Ramfjord Periodontal Disease Index. In addition, the gingival condition, presence and quantity of plaque and calculus, location and depth of periodontal pockets, tooth mobility, presence and severity of wear facets, diastema magnitude ...
journal_title：Community dentistry and oral epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1600-0528.1976.tb00965.x
更新日期：1976-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:All 55-yr-old citizens (n = 1012) of Oulu (a middle-sized Finnish town) were invited to a clinical examination; 780 agreed to participate. The associations of lifestyle with decayed tooth surfaces and the number of teeth were studied in the 533 dentate subjects. Measures of lifestyle included dietary habits, a smoking...
journal_title：Community dentistry and oral epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1600-0528.1994.tb02055.x
更新日期：1994-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:To compare the cost-effectiveness of smoking cessation services in general dental practice (dental), general medical practice (GMP), pharmacy and NHS Stop Smoking Services (NHS SSS) from the perspective of the provider and the perspective of the NHS. METHODS:Retrospective monitoring data from NHS Bradford w...
journal_title：Community dentistry and oral epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/cdoe.12195
更新日期：2016-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The demand for dental care was assessed among 3000 dental patients visiting an out-patient clinic in Sri Lanka. 46% of the patients sought treatment for complaints related to advanced stages of dental caries whilst 18% requested treatment for early stages of decay. 20% had complaints related to periodontal disease of ...
journal_title：Community dentistry and oral epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1600-0528.1985.tb01678.x
更新日期：1985-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In a municipality near Copenhagen, Denmark, where fortnightly fluoride rinses with 0.2% neutral sodium fluoride had been performed for more than a decade, 1306 children from kindergarten through 6th grade were stratified by school and grade and randomly distributed into two groups. One group continued the fluoride rin...
journal_title：Community dentistry and oral epidemiology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1111/j.1600-0528.1992.tb01543.x
更新日期：1992-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Two examiners assessed subjectively the orthodontic treatment need of a group of 183 10-year-old children. The examiners did not standardize the criteria establishing treatment need. Intraexaminer agreement was reached in 79.8% of the cases. Intraexaminer agreement was 91.7% for Examiner A and 93.4% of Examiner B. The...
journal_title：Community dentistry and oral epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1600-0528.1975.tb00308.x
更新日期：1975-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The effect of a field program, based on systematic plaque control, on caries and gingivitis was tested during a 3-year period on 1,100 schoolchildren. Once every 3rd week the children were given oral hygiene instructions, professional toothcleaning and fluorides topically delivered by specially trained dental nurses. ...
journal_title：Community dentistry and oral epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1600-0528.1978.tb01112.x
更新日期：1978-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Sweet preference and caries prevalence were studied in Bedouin adolescents from two different communities. Twelve-year-old schoolchildren were surveyed in a rural village (30 examinees) and in a more urbanized settlement (30 examinees). Sweet preference was assessed using a free-choice method, while caries was measure...
journal_title：Community dentistry and oral epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1600-0528.1984.tb01477.x
更新日期：1984-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Interviews investigating factors influencing dental visiting were held with a nationally drawn (England + Wales) random sample of 690 16--20-year-olds. The results presented relate specifically to the last reported dental visit, the balance of self and professional dental care, knowledge and acceptability of charges f...
journal_title：Community dentistry and oral epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1600-0528.1980.tb01305.x
更新日期：1980-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:We aimed to assess the impact of the presence of initial and other stages of dental caries on the impairment of oral health-related quality of life in preschool children (COHRQoL) through a cohort study. METHODS:During an epidemiological survey, 478 children (12-59 months old) were examined for dental carie...
journal_title：Community dentistry and oral epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/cdoe.12217
更新日期：2016-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:Previous to this research, no literature had explored the clustering of betel quid chewing at the school-level and the contextual factors contributing to this behavior among elementary schoolchildren. This study therefore examines this in clusters stratified according to school geography and the rate of abor...
journal_title：Community dentistry and oral epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1600-0528.2008.00442.x
更新日期：2009-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:This study aimed to investigate the association between dental fear and both dental caries and periodontal indicators. METHODS:A three-stage stratified clustered sample of the Australian adult population completed a computer-assisted telephone interview followed by a clinical examination. Oral health measure...
journal_title：Community dentistry and oral epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1600-0528.2009.00468.x
更新日期：2009-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:The epidemiology of periodontitis regarding oral-hygiene practices particularly the frequency of tooth brushing has been the subject of relatively few dedicated studies. This paper provides a systematic review of available relevant epidemiological studies and a meta-analysis of the effect of tooth brushing f...
journal_title：Community dentistry and oral epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi：10.1111/cdoe.12126
更新日期：2015-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This paper reviews the methods used for the prevention of early childhood caries (ECC). The education of mothers or caregivers to promote healthy dietary habits in infants has been the main strategy used for the prevention of ECC. This review found that education has a modest impact on the development of ECC. While ed...
journal_title：Community dentistry and oral epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/j.1600-0528.1998.tb02094.x
更新日期：1998-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To assess the stability in self-reported oral health behaviour in a Norwegian cohort between the ages of 15 and 23 years. METHODS:Self-administered questionnaires were used as part of a longitudinal cohort study. In 1992, a representative sample of 963 15-year-old adolescents participated, of which 676 (70%)...
journal_title：Community dentistry and oral epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1600-0528.2004.00174.x
更新日期：2004-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：UNLABELLED:Oral health has traditionally been defined in terms of disease. Today, health is seen in a wider context: taking into account its impact on everyday living. Several indices attempt to capture this dimension. The Geriatric Oral Health Assessment Index (GOHAI) has been adapted for general use and tested on adu...
journal_title：Community dentistry and oral epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1034/j.1600-0528.2003.t01-1-00006.x
更新日期：2003-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:To explore distribution of stage at diagnosis and relative survival rates among US adults with oral cavity cancer in relation to race, and over time. METHODS:We obtained 1973-2002 oral cancer incidence data from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) Program, and computed proportions for eac...
journal_title：Community dentistry and oral epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.0301-5661.2007.00334.x
更新日期：2007-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Recently qualified dentists from a dental school in Stockholm, Sweden (n = 259) and the dental school in Kuopio, Finland (n = 103) were sent a questionnaire designed to obtain information concerning the perceived relevance of their undergraduate education to the practice of dentistry. The response rate was 71% for Sto...
journal_title：Community dentistry and oral epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1600-0528.1988.tb00561.x
更新日期：1988-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Ninety-three percent of the 300 employees of a paper mill in central-eastern Finland answered a questionnaire in the context of a clinical dental survey. One third had visited the dentist annually, 22% once in 2 years and the rest irregularly. Dental visit frequency of females was somewhat higher than that of males. P...
journal_title：Community dentistry and oral epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1600-0528.1978.tb01134.x
更新日期：1978-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:The aim of this longitudinal study was to investigate causal pathways among as well as interrelationships between changes in dental fear and dental attendance in a nationally representative sample of adult Finns aged 19 years or older in 2000, with 11 years of follow-up. METHODS:Data from the Health 2000 an...
journal_title：Community dentistry and oral epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/cdoe.12458
更新日期：2019-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of the age of the subject on inter-examiner reliability of the clinical signs of temporomandibular disorder (TMD). METHODS:Forty-three elderly (ES) and 44 younger adults (YS) were selected. The female/male distribution was almost the same in the two grou...
journal_title：Community dentistry and oral epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1600-0528.2006.00250.x
更新日期：2006-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:Fluoride was first added to the Australian water supply in 1953, and by 2003, 69% of Australia's population was receiving the minimum recommended dose. Extending coverage of fluoridation to all remaining communities of at least 1000 people is a key strategy of Australia's National Oral Health Plan 2004-2013. ...
journal_title：Community dentistry and oral epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1600-0528.2012.00684.x
更新日期：2012-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To investigate the association between socioeconomic position and periodontal diseases among adolescents. METHODS:Data were obtained from 9203 Chilean high school students. Clinical examinations included direct recordings of clinical attachment level and the necrotizing ulcerative gingival lesions. Students ...
journal_title：Community dentistry and oral epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1600-0528.2006.00271.x
更新日期：2006-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:The primary aim of this study was to investigate the impact of reduced sugar consumption on caries experience among 12-year-old Libyan schoolchildren during the Libyan conflict, in comparison to preconflict data collected in the same water-fluoridated setting from a similar age group. A further aim was to in...
journal_title：Community dentistry and oral epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/cdoe.12526
更新日期：2020-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The purpose of the study was to determine whether the presence of dentofacial anomaly in a child would unfavourably bias a schoolteacher's expectations of the child's scholastic potential, social relationships or personality. Black and white portrait photographs of an attractive boy and girl and an unattractive boy an...
journal_title：Community dentistry and oral epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1600-0528.1982.tb00401.x
更新日期：1982-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:To investigate differences between Pardos (mixed) and Blacks with their White counterparts in the use of public dental service among a sample of Brazilian adults taking into consideration the role of individual and contextual characteristics. METHODS:A total of 6196 adults aged 35-44 years were sampled from...
journal_title：Community dentistry and oral epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/cdoe.12533
更新日期：2020-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The DMFT Index, degree of fluorosis (DEGF), and enamel fluoride concentration (F) were determined in 88 children living in a high- and 79 children living in a low-fluoride area in South Africa. The following interrelationships between these parameters were found: in both areas there was a significant negative correlat...
journal_title：Community dentistry and oral epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1600-0528.1977.tb01618.x
更新日期：1977-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:This study was designed to measure total intake, urinary excretion and estimated retention of fluoride in children under customary fluoride intake conditions, living in either fluoridated or low-fluoride areas of north-east England. Subsidiary aims were to investigate the relationships between the variables ...
journal_title：Community dentistry and oral epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1600-0528.2006.00366.x
更新日期：2007-12-01 00:00:00
