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Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome in Pernambuco: comparison of patterns before and during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Abstract：

:The aim of this study was to analyze the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) pattern in Pernambuco before and during a COVID-19 pandemic. Ecological study conducted from January to June, 2015 to 2019 and from January 1 to June 15, 2020. The detection rates by municipality and by Regional Health of residence were calculated. The spatial area of SARS was estimated through the risk ratio. Before the pandemic, there were 5,617 cases of SARS, 187 cases/month and 23.8 cases/100 thousand inhabitants, while during the pandemic there were 15,100 cases, 2,516 cases/month and 320.3 cases/100 thousand inhabitants, which represents a 13-fold increase in detection. The following expanded (p < 0,001): the occurrence in elderly people, the collection of samples and the identification of SARS etiological agent with predominance of SARS by COVID-19. Most municipalities experienced a 20-fold higher detection than expected, suggesting a process of virus spread to the hinterlands. The excess risk associate with lower IDHM, the condition of the municipality being the headquarters of the Regional Health and the presence of a highway in the municipality. The change in the pattern of occurrence of SRAG, combined with Spatial analysis may contribute to action planning at different levels of management. :Foi analisado o padrão da Síndrome Respiratória Aguda Grave (SRAG) em Pernambuco antes e durante período pandêmico da COVID-19. Estudo ecológico, de janeiro a junho de 2015 a 2019 (período pré-pandemia) e 01 de janeiro a 15 de junho de 2020, período que contempla parte inicial da pandemia. Taxas de detecção por município e Regional de Saúde de residência foram calculadas e, por meio da razão de risco, a dinâmica espacial da SRAG foi estimada. Na pré-pandemia ocorreram 5.617 casos de SRAG, 187 casos/mês e 23,8 casos/100 mil hab. e, na pandemia, 15.100 casos, 2.516 casos/mês e 320,3 casos/100 mil hab., um aumento da detecção mensal em 13 vezes. Foi ampliada (p < 0,001) a ocorrência em idosos (de 7,7% para 48,3%), a coleta de amostras (de 60,9% para 96,5%) e a identificação do agente etiológico causador da SRAG, com predomínio da SRAG por COVID-19 (66,0%). Regiões do interior do estado tiveram razão de detecção de SRAG 20 vezes superior à esperada, sendo o excesso de risco associado a menor IDHM, a condição do município ser sede de Regional de Saúde e a presença de rodovia federal no território municipal. Conhecer a mudança do padrão da ocorrência da SRAG, aliada a análise espacial poderão contribuir para o planejamento de ações a curto e médio prazo nos diferentes níveis de gestão.

journal_name

Cien Saude Colet

journal_title

Ciencia & saude coletiva

authors

Silva APSC,Maia LTS,Souza WV

doi

10.1590/1413-812320202510.2.29452020

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2020-10-01 00:00:00

pages

4141-4150

issue

suppl 2

eissn

1413-8123

issn

1678-4561

pii

S1413-81232020006804141

journal_volume

pub_type

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Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome in Pernambuco: comparison of patterns before and during the COVID-19 pandemic.