Abstract:
BACKGROUND:Most fatty acids (FAs) making up the adipose tissue in mammals have a dietary origin and suffer little modification when they are stored. However, we propose that some of those FAs, specifically those that can be synthesised or modified by mammals, are also being influenced by thermal forces and used as part of the mechanism to regulate core body temperature. As FA desaturation increases, adipose tissues can reach colder temperatures without solidifying. The ability to cool the superficial fat tissues helps create a thermal gradient, which contributes to body heat loss reduction. Therefore, it is expected that animals exposed to colder environments will possess adipose tissues with higher proportions of desaturated FAs. Here, through a model selection approach that accounts for phylogeny, we investigate how the variation in FA desaturation in 54 mammalian species relates to the thermal proxies: latitude, physical environment (terrestrial, semi-aquatic and fully-aquatic) and hair density. RESULTS:The interaction between the environment (terrestrial, semi- or fully-aquatic) and the latitude in which the animals lived explained best the variation of FA desaturation in mammals. Aquatic mammals had higher FA desaturation compared to terrestrial mammals. Semi-aquatic mammals had significantly higher levels of desaturated FAs when living in higher latitudes whereas terrestrial and fully-aquatic mammals did not. To account for dietary influence, a double bond index was calculated including all FAs, and revealed no correlation with latitude in any of the groups. CONCLUSIONS:We propose that FA modification is an important component of the thermoregulatory strategy, particularly in semi-aquatic mammals. Potentially this is because, like terrestrial mammals, they experience the greatest air temperature variations across latitudes, but they lack a thick fur coat and rely primarily on their blubber. Unlike fully-aquatic mammals, extremely thick blubber is not ideal for semi-aquatic mammals, as this is detrimental to their manoeuvrability on land. Therefore, the adipose tissue in semi-aquatic mammals plays a more important role in keeping warm, and the modification of FAs becomes crucial to withstand cold temperatures and maintain a pliable blubber.
journal_name
BMC Evol Bioljournal_title
BMC evolutionary biologyauthors
Guerrero AI,Rogers TLdoi
10.1186/s12862-019-1473-5subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2019-07-26 00:00:00pages
155issue
1issn
1471-2148pii
10.1186/s12862-019-1473-5journal_volume
19pub_type
杂志文章abstract:BACKGROUND:Timing the origin of human malarias has been a focus of great interest. Previous studies on the mitochondrial genome concluded that Plasmodium in primates, including those parasitic to humans, radiated relatively recently during a process where host switches were common. Those investigations, however, assume...
journal_title:BMC evolutionary biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2011-10-12 00:00:00
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journal_title:BMC evolutionary biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
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pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2011-05-14 00:00:00
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journal_title:BMC evolutionary biology
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journal_title:BMC evolutionary biology
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journal_title:BMC evolutionary biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2013-05-28 00:00:00
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更新日期:2009-01-07 00:00:00
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pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1471-2148-11-98
更新日期:2011-04-14 00:00:00
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更新日期:2017-06-05 00:00:00
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journal_title:BMC evolutionary biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2007-08-06 00:00:00
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journal_title:BMC evolutionary biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2008-01-28 00:00:00
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journal_title:BMC evolutionary biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2006-09-12 00:00:00
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journal_title:BMC evolutionary biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2019-11-06 00:00:00
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pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2015-04-19 00:00:00
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更新日期:2018-01-19 00:00:00