Abstract：
:Epilepsy is a serious neurological condition exhibiting complex pathology and deserving of more serious attention. More than 30% of people with epilepsy are not responsive to more than 20 anti-epileptic drugs currently available, reflecting an unmet clinical need for novel therapeutic strategies. Not much is known about the pathogenesis of epilepsy, but evidence indicates that neuroinflammation might contribute to the onset and progression of epilepsy following acquired brain insults. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying these pathophysiological processes are yet to be fully understood. The emerging research suggests that high-mobility group box protein 1 (HMGB1), a DNA-binding protein that is both actively secreted by inflammatory cells and released by necrotic cells, might contribute to the pathogenesis of epilepsy. HMGB1 as an initiator and amplifier of neuroinflammation, and its activation is implicated in the propagation of seizures in animal models. The current review will highlight the potential role of HMGB1 in the pathogenesis of epilepsy, and implications of HMGB1-targeted therapies against epilepsy. HMGB1 in this context is an emerging concept deserving further exploration. Increased understanding of HMGB1 in seizures and epilepsy will pave the way in designing novel and innovative therapeutic strategies that could modify the disease course or prevent its development.
journal_name
J Neurochemjournal_title
Journal of neurochemistryauthors
Paudel YN,Semple BD,Jones NC,Othman I,Shaikh MFdoi
10.1111/jnc.14663subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2019-12-01 00:00:00pages
542-557issue
5eissn
0022-3042issn
1471-4159journal_volume
151pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:D-serine is a co-agonist of NMDA receptor (NMDAR) and plays important roles in synaptic plasticity mechanisms. Serine racemase (SR) is a brain-enriched enzyme that converts L-serine to D-serine. SR interacts with the protein interacting with C-kinase 1 (PICK1), which is known to direct protein kinase C (PKC) to its ta...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.2010.07102.x
更新日期：2011-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Membrane vesicles, showing a 21 +/- 2-fold enrichment in the activity of 5'-nucleotidase and a 11 +/- 4-fold enrichment in the activity of angiotensin-converting enzyme relative to homogenate, were prepared from the myenteric plexus-containing longitudinal muscle layer of guinea pig ileum. Incubation of the vesicles w...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.1986.tb00690.x
更新日期：1986-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (AChR) exhibits at least four different conformational states varying in affinity for agonists such as acetylcholine (ACh). Photoaffinity labeling has been previously used to elucidate the topography of the AChR. However, to date, the photosensitive probes used to explore the choli...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1471-4159.1996.67062557.x
更新日期：1996-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The incorporation of radioactive phosphate into proteins of both normal and regenerating ganglia of the sympathetic nervous system of the rat is reported. The incorporation reactions were carried out in vitro by incubating homogenates of excised ganglia with [gamma-32P]ATP under various conditions. It was found that i...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.1989.tb07247.x
更新日期：1989-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Parkinson's disease is a common neurodegenerative disorder with a mainly sporadic aetiology, although a number of monogenic familiar forms are known. Most of the motor symptoms are due to selective depletion of dopaminergic, neuromelanin-containing neurones of the substantia nigra pars compacta. Neuromelanin is the da...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.2005.03638.x
更新日期：2006-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:L-Aspartate N-acetyltransferase, a nervous system enzyme that mediates the synthesis of N-acetyl-L-aspartic acid, has been characterized. In the presence of acetyl-CoA, L-aspartate was acetylated 10-fold more efficiently than L-glutamate, and the acetylation of aspartylglutamate was not detectable. Within the nervous ...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.1985.tb07240.x
更新日期：1985-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Acetyltransferase enzymatic activity was detected and measured in homogenates obtained from intact nerve fibers and their saparate cellular components, in the tropical squid Sepioteuthis sepioidea. The levels of acetylcholine synthesis were determined in pooled samples of whole stellar nerve, intact giant nerve fiber,...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.1981.tb01654.x
更新日期：1981-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Early malnutrition is a risk factor for depression and schizophrenia. Since the offspring of malnourished dams exhibit increased brain levels of serotonin (5-HT), a tryptophan-derived neurotransmitter involved in the pathophysiology of these mental disorders, it is believed that the deleterious effects of early malnut...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/jnc.13874
更新日期：2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The modulation of 3,4-dihydroxyphenylethylamine (dopamine, DA) synthesis and release in rabbit retina in vitro by high K+; adenylate cyclase activators such as forskolin, 2-chloroadenosine, vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP); and the putative DA autoreceptor agonist N-n-propyl-3-(3-hydroxyphenyl) piperidine (3-PP...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.1986.tb00741.x
更新日期：1986-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In recent years, there has been increasing evidence that serotonergic neurotransmission modulates a wide variety of experimentally induced seizures. Generally, agents that elevate extracellular serotonin (5-HT) levels, such as 5-hydroxytryptophan and serotonin reuptake blockers, inhibit both focal and generalized seiz...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.2006.04277.x
更新日期：2007-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:To gain insight into the mechanism through which the neurotransmitter glutamate causally participates in several neurological diseases, in vitro cultured cerebellar granule cells were exposed to glutamate and oxygen radical production was investigated. To this aim, a novel procedure was developed to detect oxygen radi...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1471-4159.1997.68052038.x
更新日期：1997-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The possibility that the mechanism of lead neurotoxicity may be at the level of transcription was investigated in PC12 cells. In electrophoretic mobility gel shift assays Pb2+ was found to increase activator protein-1 complex (AP-1) DNA binding activity in PC12 cells; the increase was time- and concentration-dependent...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1471-4159.1999.0730187.x
更新日期：1999-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We investigated, using adult (2-month-old) and senescent (12- and 24-month-old) rats, the effects of aging on the relationship between the alpha 1-adrenergic coupling system and the membrane viscosity of the cerebral cortex. There was no age-related difference in the KD values of [3H]prazosin binding on the membranes....
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.1990.tb08822.x
更新日期：1990-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) has protective effects against beta-amyloid (Abeta)-induced neuronal cell death. Because alterations of the somatostatinergic system have been described in Alzheimer's disease, we investigated the effects of the Abeta peptide and the possible protective role of IGF-I on the somatos...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.2004.02889.x
更新日期：2005-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Reactive oxygen species (ROS) have been suggested to act as cellular messengers that mediate signal transduction cascades in various cell types. However, little is known about their role in this capacity in the nervous system. We have begun to investigate the role of ROS, and that of nitric oxide (NO), in mediating mi...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1471-4159.1998.70031009.x
更新日期：1998-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The signal transduction pathways involved in NMDA receptor modulation by other receptors remain unclear. cAMP could be involved in this modulation. The aim of this work was to analyse the contribution of cAMP to NMDA receptor modulation in cerebellar neurones in culture. Forskolin increases cAMP and results in increas...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.2004.02730.x
更新日期：2004-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Suicide and depression are associated with an increased density of alpha2-adrenoceptors (radioligand receptor binding) in specific regions of the human brain. The function of these inhibitory receptors involves various regulatory proteins (Gi coupling proteins and G protein-coupled receptor kinases, GRKs), which work ...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1471-4159.1999.0720282.x
更新日期：1999-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Ascorbate is an essential antioxidant in the CNS, localized predominantly in neuronal cytosol. Slices of mammalian brain rapidly lose ascorbate, however, when incubated in ascorbate-free media; brain slices also take up water and swell. Here we investigated water gain in coronal slices of rat forebrain incubated with ...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1471-4159.2000.741263.x
更新日期：2000-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The effects of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) on the extracellular levels of taurine and on excitability in the dentate gyrus were studied in anesthetized rats by the dialytrode technique. The dentate gyrus was perfused by means of a dialytrode with Krebs-Ringer-bicarbonate or GABA solutions. Amino acid contents in pe...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.1985.tb12913.x
更新日期：1985-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The glial-derived neurotrophic protein S100beta has been implicated in the development and maintenance of the nervous system. S100beta has also been postulated to play a role in mechanisms of neuropathology because of its specific localization and selective overexpression in Alzheimer's disease. However, the exact rel...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1471-4159.1997.69062294.x
更新日期：1997-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The metabolism of [2-13C]glycine in astroglia-rich primary cultures obtained from brains of neonatal Wistar rats was investigated using 13C NMR spectroscopy. After a 24-h incubation of the cells in a medium containing glucose, glutamate, cysteine, and [2-13C]glycine, cell extracts and incubation media were analyzed fo...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1471-4159.1998.70020835.x
更新日期：1998-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Spatial solute concentration profiles resulting from in vivo microdialysis were measured in rat caudate-putamen by quantitative autoradiography. Radiolabeled sucrose was included in the dialysate, and the tissue concentration profile measured after infusions of 14 min and 61.5 min in an acute preparation. In addition,...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.1992.tb09346.x
更新日期：1992-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:When activated by proinflammatory stimuli, microglia release substantial levels of glutamate, and mounting evidence suggests this contributes to neuronal damage during neuroinflammation. Prior studies indicated a role for the Xc exchange system, an amino acid transporter that antiports glutamate for cystine. Because c...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.2007.04487.x
更新日期：2007-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Larval zebrafish offers a good model to approach brain disease mechanisms, as structural abnormalities of their small brains can be correlated to quantifiable behavior. In this study, the structural alterations in one diencephalic dopaminergic nucleus induced by 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+), a toxin inducing Par...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.2008.05793.x
更新日期：2009-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The expression of six mRNA species (alpha 2, alpha 3, alpha 5, beta 2, beta 3, and gamma 2) encoding for GABAA receptor subunits was followed in cultured early postnatal cortical neurons by in situ hybridization histochemistry. In untreated control cultures it was found that these subunit mRNA expression profiles clos...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1471-4159.1997.68020631.x
更新日期：1997-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We previously identified a nuclear envelope protein repressor element-1 silencing transcription factor (REST)/neuron-restrictive silencer factor (NRSF)-interacting Lin-11, Isl-1 and Mec-3 (LIM) domain protein (RILP) that we proposed functions in the nuclear translocation of the transcriptional repressor REST/NRSF. In ...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.2005.03608.x
更新日期：2006-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The contribution of neuromelanin (NM) to the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease (PD) has long been suspected. In particular, a correlation has been reported between the estimated cell loss in the mesencephalic dopaminergic cell groups and the percentage of NM-pigmented neurons in these cell groups. To test whether th...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.1992.tb08350.x
更新日期：1992-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Several analogs of 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) were synthesized and screened for their capacity to be oxidized by monoamine oxidase (MAO-A or MAO-B) and their capacity to produce nigrostriatal dopaminergic neurotoxicity in mice. All of the compounds were relatively weak substrates for MAO-A but...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.1987.tb05606.x
更新日期：1987-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Glutamate receptors belonging to the subclass specifically activated by alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methylisoxazole-4-propionic acid (AMPA) were solubilized from rat forebrain membranes with Triton X-100 and partially purified through a series of three chromatographic steps. Specific [3H]AMPA binding increased 30-60-fold ...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.1992.tb11038.x
更新日期：1992-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Leptin is well known as a hormone important in the central control of appetitive behaviors via receptor-mediated actions in the hypothalamus, where leptin adjusts food intake to maintain homeostasis with the body's energy stores. Recent evidence has shown that leptin and its receptors are widespread in the CNS and may...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.2008.05457.x
更新日期：2008-09-01 00:00:00
