Abstract:
BACKGROUND:Population genetic theory predicts that rapid adaptation is largely driven by complex traits encoded by many loci of small effect. Because large-effect loci are quickly fixed in natural populations, they should not contribute much to rapid adaptation. RESULTS:To investigate the genetic architecture of thermal adaptation - a highly complex trait - we performed experimental evolution on a natural Drosophila simulans population. Transcriptome and respiration measurements reveal extensive metabolic rewiring after only approximately 60 generations in a hot environment. Analysis of genome-wide polymorphisms identifies two interacting selection targets, Sestrin and SNF4Aγ, pointing to AMPK, a central metabolic switch, as a key factor for thermal adaptation. CONCLUSIONS:Our results demonstrate that large-effect loci segregating at intermediate allele frequencies can allow natural populations to rapidly respond to selection. Because SNF4Aγ also exhibits clinal variation in various Drosophila species, we suggest that this large-effect polymorphism is maintained by temporal and spatial temperature variation in natural environments.
journal_name
Genome Bioljournal_title
Genome biologyauthors
Mallard F,Nolte V,Tobler R,Kapun M,Schlötterer Cdoi
10.1186/s13059-018-1503-4subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2018-08-20 00:00:00pages
119issue
1eissn
1474-7596issn
1474-760Xpii
10.1186/s13059-018-1503-4journal_volume
19pub_type
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