Outcomes for adolescents who comply with long-term psychosocial treatment for ADHD.

Abstract:

OBJECTIVE:We conducted a large (N = 216) multisite clinical trial of the Challenging Horizons Program (CHP)-a yearlong afterschool program that provides academic and interpersonal skills training for adolescents with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Intent-to-treat analyses suggest that, as predicted, the CHP resulted in significant reductions in problem behaviors and academic impairment when compared to community care. However, attendance in the CHP ranged from zero to 60 sessions, raising questions about optimal dosing. METHOD:To evaluate the impact of treatment compliance, complier average causal effect modeling was used to compare participants who attended 80% or more of sessions to an estimate of outcomes for comparable control participants. RESULTS:Treatment compliers exhibited medium to large benefits (ds = 0.56 to 2.00) in organization, disruptive behaviors, homework performance, and grades relative to comparable control estimates, with results persisting 6 months after treatment ended. However, compliance had little impact on social skills. CONCLUSIONS:Students most in need of treatment were most likely to comply, resulting in significant benefits in relation to comparable control participants who experienced deteriorating outcomes over time. Difficulties relating to dose-response estimation and the potentially confounding influence of treatment acceptability, accessibility, and client motivation are discussed. (PsycINFO Database Record

journal_name

J Consult Clin Psychol

authors

Schultz BK,Evans SW,Langberg JM,Schoemann AM

doi

10.1037/ccp0000172

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2017-03-01 00:00:00

pages

250-261

issue

3

eissn

0022-006X

issn

1939-2117

pii

2017-07144-005

journal_volume

85

pub_type

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