Abstract:
BACKGROUND:Maize landraces from South America have traditionally been assigned to two main categories: Andean and Tropical Lowland germplasm. However, the genetic structure and affiliations of the lowland gene pools have been difficult to assess due to limited sampling and the lack of comparative analysis. Here, we examined SSR and Adh2 sequence variation in a diverse sample of maize landraces from lowland middle South America, and performed a comprehensive integrative analysis of population structure and diversity including already published data of archaeological and extant specimens from the Americas. Geographic distribution models were used to explore the relationship between environmental factors and the observed genetic structure. RESULTS:Bayesian and multivariate analyses of population structure showed the existence of two previously overlooked lowland gene pools associated with Guaraní indigenous communities of middle South America. The singularity of this germplasm was also evidenced by the frequency distribution of microsatellite repeat motifs of the Adh2 locus and the distinct spatial pattern inferred from geographic distribution models. CONCLUSION:Our results challenge the prevailing view that lowland middle South America is just a contact zone between Andean and Tropical Lowland germplasm and highlight the occurrence of a unique, locally adapted gene pool. This information is relevant for the conservation and utilization of maize genetic resources, as well as for a better understanding of environment-genotype associations.
journal_name
BMC Plant Bioljournal_title
BMC plant biologyauthors
Bracco M,Cascales J,Hernández JC,Poggio L,Gottlieb AM,Lia VVdoi
10.1186/s12870-016-0874-5subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2016-08-26 00:00:00pages
186issue
1issn
1471-2229pii
10.1186/s12870-016-0874-5journal_volume
16pub_type
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