Abstract：
:Signaling through the phosphoinositide 3-kinase pathways mediates the actions of a plethora of hormones, growth factors, cytokines, and neurotransmitters upon their target cells following receptor occupation. Overactivation of these pathways has been implicated in a number of pathologies, in particular a range of malignancies. The tight regulation of signaling pathways necessitates the involvement of both stimulatory and terminating enzymes; inappropriate activation of a pathway can thus result from activation or inhibition of the two signaling arms. The focus of this review is to discuss, in detail, the activities of the identified families of phosphoinositide phosphatase expressed in humans, and how they regulate the levels of phosphoinositides implicated in promoting malignancy.
journal_name
J Lipid Resjournal_title
Journal of lipid researchauthors
Rudge SA,Wakelam MJdoi
10.1194/jlr.R059154subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2016-02-01 00:00:00pages
176-92issue
2eissn
0022-2275issn
1539-7262pii
jlr.R059154journal_volume
57pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:LCAT plays a key role in the maturation of HDL, as evidenced by low HDL-cholesterol levels in carriers of deleterious mutations in LCAT. However, the role of LCAT in atherosclerosis is unclear. We set out to study this in a prospective study. Plasma LCAT levels, which strongly correlate with LCAT activity, were measur...
journal_title：Journal of lipid research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1194/P900038-JLR200
更新日期：2010-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Clock genes respond to external stimuli and exhibit circadian rhythms. This study investigated the expression of clock genes in the small intestine and their contribution in the regulation of nutrient absorption by enterocytes. We examined expression of clock genes and macronutrient transport proteins in the small int...
journal_title：Journal of lipid research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1194/jlr.M900085-JLR200
更新日期：2009-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Despite a complete lack of microsomal triglyceride transfer protein (MTP), L35 rat hepatoma cells secrete triglyceride-containing lipoproteins, albeit at a rate 25% of that of parental FAO hepatoma cells, which express high levels of MTP. The inability to express MTP was associated with a complete block in the secreti...
journal_title：Journal of lipid research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2002-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Ketone bodies (KBs), acetoacetate and β-hydroxybutyrate (βHB), were considered harmful metabolic by-products when discovered in the mid-19th century in the urine of patients with diabetic ketoacidosis. It took physicians many years to realize that KBs are normal metabolites synthesized by the liver and exported into t...
journal_title：Journal of lipid research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1194/jlr.R046599
更新日期：2014-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Major neutral glycosphingolipid components were extracted from Sporothrix schenckii, a dimorphic fungus exhibiting a hyphal saprophytic phase and a yeast parasitic phase responsible for chronic mycotic infections in mammalian hosts. These components, one from the mycelial form and two from the yeast form, were purifie...
journal_title：Journal of lipid research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2000-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:An online, two-dimensional (2D) liquid chromatography (LC) quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (QToF-MS) method was developed for lipid profiling of rat peritoneal surface layers, in which the lipid classes and species could be simultaneously separated in one injection with a significantly increased sensitivit...
journal_title：Journal of lipid research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1194/jlr.D007567
更新日期：2010-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Male Sprague-Dawley rats were fed diets that contained 20% by weight soybean oil or rapeseed oil (21% and 43% erucic acid) for 7 days. The rapeseed oil diets increased the cardiac triacylglycerol content 5-fold and 25-fold, respectively, above control values. Hearts were removed from the animals and perfused with modi...
journal_title：Journal of lipid research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1993-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Potentially atherogenic triglyceride-rich lipoprotein (TRL) remnants can be isolated and quantitated as remnant-like particles (RLP), using an immunoaffinity gel containing specific anti-human apolipoprotein A-I (apoA-I) and apoB-100 monoclonal antibodies. The aim of the present study was to determine the relationship...
journal_title：Journal of lipid research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2000-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Recent studies suggest: that the epidermis and pilosebaceous epithelium are important sites of de novo sterol synthesis, and that the rate of cutaneous cholesterol synthesis does not change with alterations in circulating sterol levels. Since cutaneous sterols may be important for permeability barrier function, we stu...
journal_title：Journal of lipid research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1985-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The pathogenesis of aortic valve stenosis (AS) is characterized by the accumulation of LDL-derived cholesterol in the diseased valves. Since LDL particles also contain plant sterols, we investigated whether plant sterols accumulate in aortic valve lesions. Serum samples were collected from 82 patients with severe AS a...
journal_title：Journal of lipid research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1194/jlr.M800058-JLR200
更新日期：2008-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The lipin protein family, consisting of three members, was first identified early this century. In the last few years, the lipin proteins have been shown to have important roles in glycerolipid biosynthesis and gene regulation, and mutations in the corresponding genes cause lipodystrophy, myoglobinuria, and inflammato...
journal_title：Journal of lipid research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1194/jlr.R800052-JLR200
更新日期：2009-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The recognition that the 7 alpha-hydroxylation of 27-hydroxycholesterol is catalyzed by an enzyme that is different from cholesterol 7 alpha-hydroxylase raises the question as to the number of similar enzymes that may be present in liver and subserve bile acid synthesis. Thus, both 3 beta-hydroxy-5-cholestenoic acid a...
journal_title：Journal of lipid research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1996-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:ABCB4, which is specifically expressed on the canalicular membrane of hepatocytes, exports phosphatidylcholine (PC) into bile. Because SM depletion increases cellular PC content and stimulates PC and cholesterol efflux by ABCA1, a key transporter involved in generation of HDL, we predicted that SM depletion also stimu...
journal_title：Journal of lipid research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1194/jlr.M056622
更新日期：2015-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We elucidated the mechanisms of action of two n-3 PUFAs, eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), in Jurkat T-cells. Both DHA and EPA were principally incorporated into phospholipids in the following order: phosphatidylcholine < phosphatidylethanolamine < phosphatidylinositol/phosphatidylserine. Fur...
journal_title：Journal of lipid research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1194/jlr.M400444-JLR200
更新日期：2005-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In a previous study, it was shown that the peroxisomal fraction of rat liver, isolated by Percoll gradient centrifugation of a light mitochondrial fraction, was able to catalyze conversion of 3 alpha, 7 alpha, 12 alpha-trihydroxy-5 beta-cholestanoic acid (THCA) into cholic acid (Pedersen, J. I., and J. Gustafsson, 198...
journal_title：Journal of lipid research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1983-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The rate-limiting step in the transit of dietary fat across the intestinal absorptive cell is its exit from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) in a specialized ER-to-Golgi transport vesicle, the prechylomicron transport vesicle (PCTV). PCTV bud off from the ER membranes and have unique features; they are the largest ER-de...
journal_title：Journal of lipid research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1194/jlr.M002758
更新日期：2010-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Spontaneously transformed mouse fibroblasts (Balb/c 3T12-3 cells) displayed an increased adhesion when cultured in the presence of 10(-6) M all-trans retinol and acquired morphological characteristics of the normal phenotype. Thus it was of interest to investigate the metabolism of [15-(14)C]retinol in this system. Wi...
journal_title：Journal of lipid research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1979-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Within the cholesterol biosynthesis cascade, the enzyme 2,3-oxidosqualene cyclase [EC 5.4.99.7] is of special interest due to its dual function: cyclization of 2,3-monoepoxysqualene to lanosterol and 2,3;22,23-diepoxysqualene to oxylanosterol. Further determination of the significance of this enzyme for the intracellu...
journal_title：Journal of lipid research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1996-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:G protein-coupled receptor (GPR)120/FFA receptor (FFAR)4 (GPR120/FFAR4) activation by n-3 PUFAs attenuates inflammation, but its impact on atherosclerosis is unknown. We determined whether in vivo activation of leukocyte GPR120/FFAR4 by n-3 versus n-6 PUFAs is atheroprotective. Leukocyte GPR120/FFAR4 WT or KO mice in ...
journal_title：Journal of lipid research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1194/jlr.M072769
更新日期：2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The effect of fat feeding on adipocyte insulin binding was examined to expand a study of adaptive changes in plasma membrane functions. Cells from rats fed a high fat (L) diet for five to seven days bound less insulin and showed a decreased response to insulin (glucose oxidation) compared to those from rats fed a high...
journal_title：Journal of lipid research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1976-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Apolipoprotein C-II (apoC-II) plays a critical role in the metabolism of plasma lipoproteins as an activator for lipoprotein lipase. Human apoC-II consists of 79 amino acid residues (pro-apoC-II). A minor fraction is converted to a mature form by cleavage at the site QQDE releasing the 6 amino-terminal residues. We ha...
journal_title：Journal of lipid research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1991-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Four distinct subspecies of the insect hemolymph lipoprotein, lipophorin, that range in diacylglycerol (DAG) content from approximately 100 to 1000 molecules per particle, were treated with phospholipase C. Lipid analysis demonstrated that both phosphatidylcholine and phosphatidylethanolamine were hydrolyzed to DAG. P...
journal_title：Journal of lipid research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1994-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The effect of inhibiting lysosomal protein degradation on the activity of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase was determined using a mouse mammary cell line (TS-85) which expresses a temperature-sensitive mutation in the ubiquitin degradative pathway. Incubating cells for 18 hr in medium containi...
journal_title：Journal of lipid research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1986-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In breast cancer, 17β-estradiol (E2) plays critical roles mainly by binding to its canonical receptor, estrogen receptor (ER) α66, and eliciting genomic effects. E2 also triggers rapid, nongenomic responses. E2 activates sphingosine kinase 1 (SphK1), increasing sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) that binds to its receptors...
journal_title：Journal of lipid research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1194/jlr.M085191
更新日期：2018-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:High plasma cholesterol levels are found in several metabolic disorders and their reductions are advocated to reduce the risk of atherosclerosis. A way to lower plasma lipids is to curtail lipoprotein production; however, this is associated with steatosis. We previously showed that microRNA (miR)-30c lowers diet-induc...
journal_title：Journal of lipid research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1194/jlr.M081299
更新日期：2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The rate of removal of phosphatidylethanolamine and phosphatidylcholine from the plasma of rats treated with antiserum to hepatic lipase was measured. The hepatic lipase antiserum was injected intravenously into animals prior to injection of 32P-labeled chylomicrons or 32P-labeled high density lipoproteins. In experim...
journal_title：Journal of lipid research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1984-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:It was postulated that specialized microdomains of the plasma membrane, consistent with caveolae, might play a role in cholesterol trafficking in intestinal cells. The existence, therefore, of caveolin and the role of detergent-resistant microdomains of the plasma membrane in cholesterol trafficking were investigated ...
journal_title：Journal of lipid research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1998-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Several lipoprotein lipase (LPL) gene polymorphisms have been found associated with fasting lipid levels, but their impact on coronary heart disease (CHD) is less clearly established. We investigated associations of LPL polymorphisms (HindIII, PvuII, Ser447-->Ter) and the newly described mutation Asn291-->Ser with the...
journal_title：Journal of lipid research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1995-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Inositol lipid kinases have been studied extensively in both plant and animal systems. However, major limitations for in vitro studies of recombinant lipid kinases are the low specific activity and instability of the purified proteins. Our goal was to determine if cyclodextrins would provide an effective substrate del...
journal_title：Journal of lipid research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1194/jlr.D400005-JLR200
更新日期：2004-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In the present study, the relative positions of 11 anti-apolipoprotein B monoclonal antibodies have been mapped onto the surface of human low density lipoproteins by electron microscopy. As the epitopes recognized by these antibodies have been previously located on the primary sequence of apoB, these data provide a ma...
journal_title：Journal of lipid research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1995-09-01 00:00:00
