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Gray matter damage in multiple sclerosis: Impact on clinical symptoms.

Abstract：

:Traditionally, multiple sclerosis (MS) is considered to be a disease primarily affecting the white matter (WM). However, the development of some clinical symptoms such as cognitive impairment cannot be fully explained by the severity of WM pathology alone. During the past decades it became clear that gray matter (GM) damage of the brain is also of major importance in patients with MS. Thanks to improved magnetic resonance imaging techniques, the in vivo detection of GM pathology became possible, enabling a better understanding of the manifestation of various clinical symptoms, such as cognitive impairment. Using higher field strengths and specific sequences, detection of cortical lesions was increased. However, despite these improvements, visualization of cortical MS lesions remains difficult (only about 30-50% of histopathologically confirmed lesions can be detected at 7 Tesla magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)). Furthermore, more research is needed to understand the exact interplay of cortical lesions, GM atrophy and WM pathology in the development of clinical symptoms. In this review, we summarize the historical background that preceded current research and provide an overview of the current knowledge on clinical consequences of GM pathology in MS in terms of disability, cognitive impairment and other clinically important signs such as epileptic seizures.

journal_name

Neuroscience

journal_title

Neuroscience

authors

van Munster CE,Jonkman LE,Weinstein HC,Uitdehaag BM,Geurts JJ

doi

10.1016/j.neuroscience.2015.07.006

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2015-09-10 00:00:00

pages

446-61

eissn

0306-4522

issn

1873-7544

pii

S0306-4522(15)00613-2

journal_volume

303

pub_type

杂志文章,评审

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