Molecular basis for selective serotonin reuptake inhibition by the antidepressant agent fluoxetine (Prozac).

Abstract:

:Inhibitors of the serotonin transporter (SERT) are widely used antidepressant agents, but the structural mechanism for inhibitory activity and selectivity over the closely related norepinephrine transporter (NET) is not well understood. Here we use a combination of chemical, biological, and computational methods to decipher the molecular basis for high-affinity recognition in SERT and selectivity over NET for the prototypical antidepressant drug fluoxetine (Prozac; Eli Lilly, Indianapolis, IN). We show that fluoxetine binds within the central substrate site of human SERT, in agreement with recent X-ray crystal structures of LeuBAT, an engineered monoamine-like version of the bacterial amino acid transporter LeuT. However, the binding orientation of fluoxetine is reversed in our experimentally supported model compared with the LeuBAT structures, emphasizing the need for careful experimental verification when extrapolating findings from crystal structures of bacterial transporters to human relatives. We find that the selectivity of fluoxetine and nisoxetine, a NET selective structural congener of fluoxetine, is controlled by residues in different regions of the transporters, indicating a complex mechanism for selective recognition of structurally similar compounds in SERT and NET. Our findings add important new information on the molecular basis for SERT/NET selectivity of antidepressants, and provide the first assessment of the potential of LeuBAT as a model system for antidepressant binding in human transporters, which is essential for future structure-based drug development of antidepressant drugs with fine-tuned transporter selectivity.

journal_name

Mol Pharmacol

journal_title

Molecular pharmacology

authors

Andersen J,Stuhr-Hansen N,Zachariassen LG,Koldsø H,Schiøtt B,Strømgaard K,Kristensen AS

doi

10.1124/mol.113.091249

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2014-05-01 00:00:00

pages

703-14

issue

5

eissn

0026-895X

issn

1521-0111

pii

mol.113.091249

journal_volume

85

pub_type

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