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Mammalian conserved ADAR targets comprise only a small fragment of the human editosome.

Abstract：

BACKGROUND:ADAR proteins are among the most extensively studied RNA binding proteins. They bind to their target and deaminate specific adenosines to inosines. ADAR activity is essential, and the editing of a subset of their targets is critical for viability. Recently, a huge number of novel ADAR targets were detected by analyzing next generation sequencing data. Most of these novel editing sites are located in lineage-specific genomic repeats, probably a result of overactivity of editing enzymes, thus masking the functional sites. In this study we aim to identify the set of mammalian conserved ADAR targets. RESULTS:We used RNA sequencing data from human, mouse, rat, cow, opossum, and platypus to define the conserved mammalian set of ADAR targets. We found that the conserved mammalian editing sites are surprisingly small in number and have unique characteristics that distinguish them from non-conserved ones. The sites that constitute the set have a distinct genomic distribution, tend to be located in genes encoding neurotransmitter receptors or other synapse related proteins, and have higher editing and expression levels. We also found a high consistency of editing levels of this set within mice strains and between human and mouse. Tight regulation of editing in these sites across strains and species implies their functional importance. CONCLUSIONS:Despite the discovery of numerous editing targets, only a small number of them are conserved within mammalian evolution. These sites are extremely highly conserved and exhibit unique features, such as tight regulation, and probably play a pivotal role in mammalian biology.

journal_name

Genome Biol

journal_title

Genome biology

authors

Pinto Y,Cohen HY,Levanon EY

doi

10.1186/gb-2014-15-1-r5

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2014-01-07 00:00:00

pages

R5

issue

1

eissn

1474-7596

issn

1474-760X

pii

gb-2014-15-1-r5

journal_volume

15

pub_type

杂志文章

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