Cultural influence on crowding norms in outdoor recreation: a comparative analysis of visitors to national parks in Turkey and the United States.

Abstract:

:Formulation of standards of quality in parks and outdoor recreation can be guided by normative theory and related empirical methods. We apply this approach to measure the acceptability of a range of use levels in national parks in Turkey and the United States. Using statistical methods for comparing norm curves across contexts, we find significant differences among Americans, British, and Turkish respondents. In particular, American and British respondents were substantially less tolerant of seeing other visitors and demonstrated higher norm intensity than Turkish respondents. We discuss the role of culture in explaining these findings, paying particular attention to Turkey as a traditional "contact culture" and the conventional emphasis on solitude and escape in American environmental history and policy. We conclude with a number of recommendations to stimulate more research on the relationship between culture and outdoor recreation.

journal_name

Environ Manage

journal_title

Environmental management

authors

Sayan S,Krymkowski DH,Manning RE,Valliere WA,Rovelstad EL

doi

10.1007/s00267-013-0076-y

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2013-08-01 00:00:00

pages

493-502

issue

2

eissn

0364-152X

issn

1432-1009

journal_volume

52

pub_type

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