Abstract:
INTRODUCTION:Brainstem haemorrhage is common in cases of head injury when it is associated with space-occupying lesion and increases in the intracranial pressure (duret haemorrhage), in cases of diffuse axonal injury (in dorso-lateral quadrant) and diffuses vascular injury (in the periventricular tissue). However focal traumatic brainstem injury is rare. MATERIAL AND METHOD:We identified 12 cases of focal traumatic brainstem injury from review of 319 case of head injury. The head trauma had been caused by different mechanisms of complex fall from height and assault. 10/12 are associated with skull fracture, 11/12 with contre coup contusions in the frontal and temporal lobes, 5/12 direct contusions to cerebellum, 5/12 haemorrhage in corpus callosum and 2/11 have gliding contusions. None of the cases had pathological evidence of increase in the intracranial pressure. The bleeding in the pons was at the edge in 2/12 and cross the section in 10/12. The majority of patients were unconscious immediately after the incident (10/12) and 9/12 died within one day. CONCLUSION:Focal traumatic brainstem injury occurs most likely due to direct impact at the back of the head or stretching forces affecting the brainstem in cases of complex fall from height and after assault, particularly those associated with kicks. It is a serious and commonly fatal brain damage, which needed to be differentiated from other causes of brainstem haemorrhages.
journal_name
J Forensic Leg Medjournal_title
Journal of forensic and legal medicineauthors
Al-Sarraj S,Fegan-Earl A,Ugbade A,Bodi I,Chapman R,Poole S,Swift B,Jerreat P,Cary Ndoi
10.1016/j.jflm.2011.12.015subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2012-04-01 00:00:00pages
144-51issue
3eissn
1752-928Xissn
1878-7487pii
S1752-928X(11)00237-Xjournal_volume
19pub_type
杂志文章abstract::A new strategy for sexual assault and abuse services was published by NHS England earlier this year. It called for better coordination of services along the Sexual Assault Referral Centre (SARC) pathway following a sexual assault including mental health services for children, young people and adults. Previous research...
journal_title:Journal of forensic and legal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jflm.2019.04.001
更新日期:2019-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The present paper aims to describe a case of a schizophrenia spectrum disorder relapse leading to attempted murder, review literature, and investigate the epidemiological data and expression of violent behavior among Capgras-related incidents. 109 case reports deriving from various scientific areas dating from 1971 to...
journal_title:Journal of forensic and legal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.jflm.2019.05.019
更新日期:2019-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Forensic pathologists can help in the investigation of sudden unexpected deaths in co-operation with the officials responsible for the maintenance of law and order to administer justice. Sudden unexpected deaths form the subject of medicolegal investigation if they occur in apparently healthy individuals, wherein an a...
journal_title:Journal of forensic and legal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jflm.2010.04.013
更新日期:2010-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Suicide is an important health hazard worldwide. Hanging is one of the preferred means of committing suicide in India. The current research is aimed to describe the victimologic profile and find the gender differences in suicidal hanging in Manipal, South India. A 10-year retrospective review of medicolegal autopsy re...
journal_title:Journal of forensic and legal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jflm.2008.05.004
更新日期:2008-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Effectiveness and safety assessment for kinetic energy (KE) bullets is of importance, considering numerous reports about excessive damage cases of KE bullets in recent years. Early study of KE impacting targets mainly focused on threshold penetration issue, but did not involve cavity evolution of target an...
journal_title:Journal of forensic and legal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jflm.2019.07.009
更新日期:2019-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The purpose of this study was to identify the extent and types of drugs found in alleged drug facilitated sexual assaults (DFSA) in 37 states and 1 territory of the United States. In total, 1000 cases were reviewed. Between the cases that gender was provided (613), most of the victims (91.68%) were woman, mean age of ...
journal_title:Journal of forensic and legal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jflm.2018.11.006
更新日期:2019-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::In medico-legal autopsies, establishing personal identity of the victims is often required. Estimation of stature from extremities and their parts plays an important role in identifying the dead in forensic examinations. The study examines the relationship between stature and dimensions of hands and feet among Rajputs...
journal_title:Journal of forensic and legal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jcfm.2006.10.008
更新日期:2007-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Paraphilic disorders range from nearly normal behaviour to a behaviour which may be considered as destructive or menacing to the society at large. In accordance with Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-V, the terms Paraphilia and Paraphilic disorders, denote different interpretations. Multiple paraph...
journal_title:Journal of forensic and legal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.jflm.2018.02.026
更新日期:2018-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Determining the prevalence and characteristics of female-perpetrated child sexual abuse (CSA) is fraught with difficultly. There is a historical lack of empirical research and a discrepancy between the number of cases that reach the attention of the authorities and its suspected prevalence in society. It is ...
journal_title:Journal of forensic and legal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jflm.2020.102112
更新日期:2021-01-07 00:00:00
abstract::Measuring teeth is a useful adjunct in sex assessment. Canines, in particular, have the greatest degree of sexual dimorphism, resist disease and survive postmortem trauma, rendering them highly valuable in identification. Hence, their exclusive use in odontometric sex assessment using the Mandibular Canine Index (MCI)...
journal_title:Journal of forensic and legal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jflm.2008.08.005
更新日期:2009-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Female circumcision is a frank picture of female child abuse that is practised widely in many countries especially in Africa. This procedure is considered a fundamental violation of human rights. The procedure is expected to be declining in Egypt in response to the recent medicolegal litigation in 2007. The aim of thi...
journal_title:Journal of forensic and legal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jflm.2011.12.013
更新日期:2012-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::There are competing requirements between organ donation for transplantation and coronial/forensic investigation. Both require access to the body of the deceased. Optimally preserving physical evidence may reduce availability of organs for life saving transplants. Performing organ retrieval could impact on death determ...
journal_title:Journal of forensic and legal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.jflm.2020.101940
更新日期:2020-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Not only does the Bayesian approach offer a rational and logical environment for evidence evaluation in a forensic framework, but it also allows scientists to coherently deal with uncertainty related to a collection of multiple items of evidence, due to its flexible nature. Such flexibility might come at the expense o...
journal_title:Journal of forensic and legal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jflm.2018.02.005
更新日期:2018-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::This research assesses how weather conditions, such as temperature and rainfall, affect the fragmentation of burnt bone. The recovery of human remains from fatal fire scenes is often hampered by the fragmentary nature of the material, and through understanding how weather factors affect this fragmentation, it may be p...
journal_title:Journal of forensic and legal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jflm.2013.03.016
更新日期:2013-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::During the investigation of sexual assault, penile swabs from an alleged perpetrator are processed as part of the routine procedure. The results of the forensic DNA analysis may subsequently be presented in court. Documentation on the expectancy of finding female cells on post-coital penile swabs is scarce. Reviews fr...
journal_title:Journal of forensic and legal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jflm.2012.02.029
更新日期:2012-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Tamponade due to rupture of the chambers of the heart, in particular the left ventricle, after blunt thoracic trauma is described only sparsely in the literature. Most cases involve multiple thoracic trauma following motor vehicle accidents. We present the case study of a five-year old victim of a household accident, ...
journal_title:Journal of forensic and legal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.jflm.2011.02.013
更新日期:2011-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::It is generally recognized that usable DNA may be retained in dry biological stains for years. We have explored the environmental limits for this property. Air-dried blood stains were incubated at different conditions of relative humidity (RH) and temperature. The quality of the extracted DNA was assessed by the abili...
journal_title:Journal of forensic and legal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jflm.2010.08.001
更新日期:2010-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The study of cause-specific mortality data is one of the main sources of information for public health monitoring. In most industrialized countries, when a death occurs, it is a legal requirement that a medical certificate based on the international form recommended by World Health Organization's (WHO) is filled in by...
journal_title:Journal of forensic and legal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jflm.2016.12.004
更新日期:2018-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Many environmental and intrinsic factors (e.g. limited access to the body) can disrupt insect activity, causing a delay in the colonization of a corpse. These elements could hinder an accurate estimation of the minimum Post-mortem Interval (minPMI), raising questions about the limits of forensic entomology. Blow fly a...
journal_title:Journal of forensic and legal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jflm.2016.09.009
更新日期:2016-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Estimation of time of death (TOD) with fair accuracy from postmortem changes still remains an important but difficult task to be performed by every autopsy surgeon under different climatic conditions. The environment plays an important role in the process of decomposition and thereby affecting the levels of electrolyt...
journal_title:Journal of forensic and legal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jflm.2014.09.004
更新日期:2014-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Firecracker display is used worldwide for celebrating religious festivities, New Year celebrations and various other occasions. Explosion during the manufacture of firecrackers can result in serious injuries. We, herein, report a case, where a person succumbed to injuries sustained in an explosion in a firecracker fac...
journal_title:Journal of forensic and legal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jflm.2009.12.002
更新日期:2010-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Therapeutic artefacts are a challenge for forensic pathologists for correct interpretation at autopsy. A 23-year-old female was found unconscious at home and immediately admitted to an emergency of a tertiary care hospital where resuscitative measures were taken. However, she died after 4 h of hospitalization. The inj...
journal_title:Journal of forensic and legal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jflm.2020.102050
更新日期:2020-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::To explore the CT characteristics of orbital blowout fracture, we reviewed 76 cases with orbital blowout fracture and analyzed their clinical forensic characteristics. The missed diagnosis rate of cranial CT was 26.3%, and plain X-ray was 47.4%. The orbital CT examination has advantages in diagnosing orbital blowout f...
journal_title:Journal of forensic and legal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jflm.2007.12.010
更新日期:2009-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Mummification is a peculiar transformative process consisting of the total drying of the body soft tissues. It is produced, in particular conditions, between 6 and 12 months after death. "Precocious" mummification has been reported in countries where recorded weather conditions are more extreme than in Italy, in a con...
journal_title:Journal of forensic and legal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jflm.2012.06.013
更新日期:2013-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Sexual violence is defined as any sexual act forced upon a person who did not give his or her consent. Our objective is to investigate the socio-demographic features, clinical correlates, criminal behaviour characteristics, and the level of penal responsibility of sexual offenders who were referred to forensic psychia...
journal_title:Journal of forensic and legal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jflm.2015.01.003
更新日期:2015-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::All medico-legal cases investigated by the Nebraska Institute of Forensic Sciences, Inc. in Lincoln, Nebraska, USA, between 2003 and 2009, were reviewed for deaths which occurred in custody (n = 38). The causes of death, in ranked order, were natural causes 37% (14/38), followed by homicide 21% (8/38), accident 21% (8...
journal_title:Journal of forensic and legal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jflm.2012.04.008
更新日期:2012-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Adipocere has a long history of frightening and fascinating mankind, from so called "incorruptible saints" to the famous "iceman" and its formation on human remains has long been known and feared. Adipocere formation replaces the putrefactive changes, when the body lies buried in shallow, moist, clay, soiled grave or ...
journal_title:Journal of forensic and legal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.jflm.2009.07.004
更新日期:2009-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The presence of insects on human cadavers has potential judicial value in medicolegal cases. This research emphasized the important role of insects in postmortem decomposition. It was conducted to investigate the composition and abundance of insects from human corpses during autopsies in legal medicine. It was impleme...
journal_title:Journal of forensic and legal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jflm.2017.12.016
更新日期:2018-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Necrophilia is a paraphilia whereby the perpetrator gets sexual pleasure in having sex with the dead. Most jurisdictions and nations have laws against this practice. Necrophilia exists in many variations, and some authors have attempted to classify necrophilia. However many related terms such as pseudonecrophilia cont...
journal_title:Journal of forensic and legal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jflm.2008.12.023
更新日期:2009-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Although several studies have recently assessed sex differences in fingerprint ridge density and its variability in human populations from different origins, such a study has not been carried out yet in the Amerindian population. The goal of this study was to determine the topological and sexual differences in fingerp...
journal_title:Journal of forensic and legal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jflm.2012.12.002
更新日期:2013-07-01 00:00:00