Abstract:
:Divergent selection stemming from environmental variation may induce local adaptation and ecological speciation whereas gene flow might have a homogenizing effect. Gene flow among populations using different environments can be reduced by geographical distance (isolation-by-distance) or by divergent selection stemming from resource use (isolation-by-ecology). We tested for and encountered phenotypic and genetic divergence among Spanish crossbills utilizing different species of co-occurring pine trees as their food resource. Morphological, vocal and mtDNA divergence were not correlated with geographical distance, but they were correlated with differences in resource use. Resource diversity has now been found to repeatedly predict crossbill diversity. However, when resource use is not 100% differentiated, additional characters (morphological, vocal, genetic) must be used to uncover and validate hidden population structure. In general, this confirms that ecology drives adaptive divergence and limits neutral gene flow as the first steps towards ecological speciation, unprevented by a high potential for gene flow.
journal_name
J Evol Bioljournal_title
Journal of evolutionary biologyauthors
Edelaar P,Alonso D,Lagerveld S,Senar JC,Björklund Mdoi
10.1111/j.1420-9101.2011.02443.xsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
2012-03-01 00:00:00pages
417-30issue
3eissn
1010-061Xissn
1420-9101journal_volume
25pub_type
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