Do insect pests perform better on highly defended plants? Costs and benefits of induced detoxification defences in the aphid Sitobion avenae.

Abstract:

:Induced defences are a typical case of phenotypic plasticity, involving benefits for 'plastic' phenotypes under environments with variable degree of stress. Defence induction, in turn, could be energetically expensive incurring costs on growth and reproduction. In this study, we investigated the genetic variation and induction of detoxification enzymes mediated by wheat chemical defences (hydroxamic acids; Hx), and their metabolic and fitness costs using five multilocus genotypes of the grain aphid (Sitobion avenae). Cytochrome P450 monooxygenases and glutathione S-transferases activities were seen to increase with Hx levels, whereas esterases activity and standard metabolic rate increased in wheat hosts with low Hx levels. Additionally, the intrinsic rate of increase (a fitness proxy) increased in highly defended hosts. However, we did not find significant genetic variation or genotype-host interaction for any studied trait. Therefore, aphids feeding on host plants with elevated chemical defences appeared to reduce their detoxification costs and to increase their reproductive performance, which we interpret as a novel adaptation to defended plants. In brief, this study supports the notion that aphids perform better on highly defended host plants, probably related to the selective pressures during the colonization of New World agroecosystems, characterized by highly defended host plants.

journal_name

J Evol Biol

authors

Castañeda LE,Figueroa CC,Nespolo RF

doi

10.1111/j.1420-9101.2010.02112.x

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2010-11-01 00:00:00

pages

2474-83

issue

11

eissn

1010-061X

issn

1420-9101

journal_volume

23

pub_type

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