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Orthosteric and allosteric modes of interaction of novel selective agonists of the M1 muscarinic acetylcholine receptor.

Abstract：

:Recent years have witnessed the discovery of novel selective agonists of the M(1) muscarinic acetylcholine (ACh) receptor (mAChR). One mechanism invoked to account for the selectivity of such agents is that they interact with allosteric sites. We investigated the molecular pharmacology of two such agonists, 1-[3-(4-butyl-1-piperidinyl)propyl]-3,4-dihydro-2(1H)-quinolinone (77-LH-28-1) and 4-n-butyl-1-[4-(2-methylphenyl)-4-oxo-1-butyl] piperidine hydrogen chloride (AC-42), at the wild-type M(1) mAChR and three mutant M(1) mAChRs. Both agonists inhibited the binding of the orthosteric antagonist [(3)H]N-methyl scopolamine ([(3)H]NMS) in a manner consistent with orthosteric competition or high negative cooperativity. Functional interaction studies between 77-LH-28-1 and ACh also indicated a competitive mechanism. Dissociation kinetics assays revealed that the agonists could bind allosterically when the orthosteric site was prelabeled with [(3)H]NMS and that 77-LH-28-1 competed with the prototypical allosteric modulator heptane-1,7-bis-[dimethyl-3'-phthalimidopropyl]-ammonium bromide under these conditions. Mutation of the key orthosteric site residues Y(381)A (transmembrane helix 6) and W(101)A (transmembrane helix 3) reduced the affinity of prototypical orthosteric agonists but increased the affinity of the novel agonists. Divergent effects were also noted on agonist signaling efficacies at these mutants. We identified a novel mutation, F(77)I (transmembrane helix 2), which selectively reduced the efficacy of the novel agonists in mediating intracellular Ca(2+) elevation and phosphorylation of extracellular signal regulated kinase 1/2. Molecular modeling suggested a possible "bitopic" binding mode, whereby the agonists extend down into the orthosteric site as well as up toward extracellular receptor regions associated with an allosteric site. It is possible that this bitopic mode may explain the pharmacology of other selective mAChR agonists.

journal_name

Mol Pharmacol

journal_title

Molecular pharmacology

authors

Avlani VA,Langmead CJ,Guida E,Wood MD,Tehan BG,Herdon HJ,Watson JM,Sexton PM,Christopoulos A

doi

10.1124/mol.110.064345

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2010-07-01 00:00:00

pages

94-104

issue

1

eissn

0026-895X

issn

1521-0111

pii

mol.110.064345

journal_volume

78

pub_type

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