Abstract:
:Protein C inhibitor (PCI) is a heparin-binding serine proteinase inhibitor belonging to the family of serpin proteins. Here we describe that PCI exerts broad antimicrobial activity against bacterial pathogens. This ability is mediated by the interaction of PCI with lipid membranes, which subsequently leads to their permeabilization. As shown by negative staining electron microscopy, treatment of Escherichia coli or Streptococcus pyogenes bacteria with PCI triggers membrane disruption followed by the efflux of bacterial cytosolic contents and bacterial killing. The antimicrobial activity of PCI is located to the heparin-binding site of the protein and a peptide spanning this region was found to mimic the antimicrobial activity of PCI, without causing lysis or membrane destruction of eukaryotic cells. Finally, we show that platelets can assemble PCI on their surface upon activation. As platelets are recruited to the site of a bacterial infection, these results may explain our finding that PCI levels are increased in tissue biopsies from patients suffering from necrotizing fasciitis caused by S. pyogenes. Taken together, our data describe a new function for PCI in innate immunity.
journal_name
PLoS Pathogjournal_title
PLoS pathogensauthors
Malmström E,Mörgelin M,Malmsten M,Johansson L,Norrby-Teglund A,Shannon O,Schmidtchen A,Meijers JC,Herwald Hdoi
10.1371/journal.ppat.1000698subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2009-12-01 00:00:00pages
e1000698issue
12eissn
1553-7366issn
1553-7374journal_volume
5pub_type
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