Abstract:
:The future of human societies depends on children being able to achieve their optimal physical and psychological development. Developmental delay is failure to acquire age-appropriate functionality. It may involve one or more streams of development. Responsive parenting has potential to promote better development. Primary health physicians are in the best arrangement to provide this assistance as they can monitor child's development longitudinally and understand the child's developmental trajectory better. Current strategy employed by majority of primary-care providers to monitor the trajectory is termed 'developmental surveillance'. It is "a flexible, continuous process whereby knowledgeable professionals perform skilled observations of children during the provision of health care". Age-appropriate developmental checklists are also used to record milestones as part of surveillance. Both, the American Academy of Pediatrics and the British Joint Working Party on Child Health Services, recommend developmental surveillance by physicians as a method of identification of developmental delays. Developmental screening, however, improves the accuracy of identifying children with delay, compared with surveillance. Primary health physicians should consider using developmental screening tools that are standardized, reliable, valid and practical in the office setting, be familiar with screening techniques which should be incorporated into ongoing care, and keep abreast of current literature. Pakistan, as a developing country, needs specific strategies to ensure that we seize all the chances to detect this delay at an earlier age and introduce intervention, in order to lessen the burden of the disability on child, family and society.
journal_name
Brain Devjournal_title
Brain & developmentauthors
Aly Z,Taj F,Ibrahim Sdoi
10.1016/j.braindev.2009.06.004subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2010-02-01 00:00:00pages
90-7issue
2eissn
0387-7604issn
1872-7131pii
S0387-7604(09)00173-9journal_volume
32pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract::We report three typical cases of Landau-Kleffner syndrome with varied courses. The very frequent discharges in sleep EEGs, often showing the patterns of CSWS (continuous spike-waves during slow-wave sleep), either typical (spike-wave complex occupying over 85% of slow-wave sleep duration) or atypical (spike-waves occu...
journal_title:Brain & development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0387-7604(95)00168-9
更新日期:1996-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Takuto Rehabilitation Center for Children is located in Sendai, the capital of the Miyagi prefecture, and faces the Pacific Ocean. The tsunami caused by the Great East Japan Earthquake resulted in tremendous damage to this region. Many physically handicapped patients with epilepsy who are treated at our hosp...
journal_title:Brain & development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.braindev.2016.01.005
更新日期:2016-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Becker muscular dystrophy (BMD) was diagnosed in a male patient with Klinefelter's syndrome (47, XXY karyotype). The BMD was confirmed by (i) immunohistological methods and Western blotting, showing decreased quantity of dystrophin in muscle biopsy specimen and (ii) molecular genetic analysis which demonstrated a homo...
journal_title:Brain & development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0387-7604(97)00032-6
更新日期:1997-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Hypoxic ischemic brain can result in cerebral palsy, mental retardation, and learning disabilities in surviving children. The purpose of this study was to elucidate the cerebral blood flow volume in infants complicated with brain damage after the birth. Nine term infants with hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy and 41 nor...
journal_title:Brain & development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.braindev.2007.08.008
更新日期:2008-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Amplitude-integrated electroencephalogram (aEEG) at <6 h is the best single outcome predictor in term infants with perinatal asphyxia at normothermia. Hypothermia treatment has changed the cutoff values for outcome prediction by using time at onset of normal trace and SWC. Cerebral hemodynamics and oxygenati...
journal_title:Brain & development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.braindev.2011.06.005
更新日期:2012-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Spasms are a form of epileptic seizure typical of infancy. From a clinical point of view, the child presents a flexor-extensor movement involving the trunk and limbs and lasting about 1s. Although asymmetry can be present, the seizure involves both sides of the body. The ictal discharge most frequently associated with...
journal_title:Brain & development
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0387-7604(01)00284-4
更新日期:2001-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Pelizaeus-Merzbacher disease (PMD), a hypomyelinating leukodystrophy, and the related but less severe allelic spastic paraplegia 2 (SPG2) are caused by mutations in the proteolipid protein 1 (PLP1) gene. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is pivotal for diagnosing these disorders. The severity of PMD/SPG2 vari...
journal_title:Brain & development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.braindev.2014.06.011
更新日期:2015-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Phelan-McDermid syndrome (PMS) is a 22q13.3 deletion syndrome. Most PMS patients show global developmental delay and some of them suffer from developmental regression. The deleted region contains ARSA, which is responsible for metachromatic leukodystrophy (MLD). Here we report an extremely rare case of PMS characteriz...
journal_title:Brain & development
pub_type:
doi:10.1016/j.braindev.2020.02.003
更新日期:2020-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::We report sibling cases of aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase (AADC) deficiency, which is a very rare congenital metabolic disorder. These patients were born to healthy and non-consanguineous parents, and presented oculogyric crises, paroxysmal dystonic attacks, and severe psychomotor retardation since early infancy....
journal_title:Brain & development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.braindev.2009.05.004
更新日期:2010-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::This paper reports 504 cases admitted with acute polyradiculoneuritis (AP) to Beijing Children's Hospital from 1975 through 1984. 343 of the 504 cases (68.1%) with AP had respiratory paralysis and in 198/504 (39.3%), tracheotomy was performed. In this study, none of the patients received steroids. We attempted to asse...
journal_title:Brain & development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Dihydropyrimidinase deficiency is a rare autosomal recessive disease affecting the second step of pyrimidine degradation. It is caused by mutations in the DPYS gene. Only approximately 30 cases have been reported to date, with a phenotypical variability ranging from asymptomatic to severe neurological illness. We repo...
journal_title:Brain & development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.braindev.2018.10.005
更新日期:2019-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::A servo system including a microwave generator was applied to raise a rat's body temperature at a pre-set rate. Using this system the effects of age and the temperature elevation rate upon febrile seizures in rats were studied. The relationship between the brain GABA content and hyperthermia was also studied. From the...
journal_title:Brain & development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0387-7604(12)80307-x
更新日期:1990-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Long-term social prognosis of 120 Japanese patients with West syndrome was surveyed using structured questionnaire at the age of 25.4 years in average. The survey revealed that ADL score remained null in one-fifth of cases; the majority entered in special education course for disabled children; only eleven cases were ...
journal_title:Brain & development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0387-7604(01)00269-8
更新日期:2001-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::An unique cytoplasmic inclusion was found in astrocytes of a 2-month-old female baby who showed Leigh-like brain lesions with lactic acidosis, hypoglycemia and hepatomegaly. Although a defective enzyme was not determined, a metabolic disorder was suggested from clinicopathological observations. Symmetrically distribut...
journal_title:Brain & development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0387-7604(00)00117-0
更新日期:2000-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Neural stem cells (NSCs)of the central nervous system (CNS) have recently received a great deal of attention and interest for their therapeutic potential for neurological disorders. NSCs are defined as CNS progenitor cells that have the capacity for self-renewal and multipotent potential to become neurons or glial cel...
journal_title:Brain & development
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.braindev.2006.07.012
更新日期:2007-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::We report the pedigree of a family in which a mother and her two children, a boy and a girl, all suffer from a similar, though variably expressed cerebral disorder, seen on CT as uni- or bilateral cavities within the supratentorial white matter in communication with the ventricular system. Additional white matter hypo...
journal_title:Brain & development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0387-7604(84)80010-8
更新日期:1984-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Here we describe two patients with 5p- syndrome who suffered from epilepsy characterised by stimulus-induced epileptic spasms manifesting as head nodding. In patient 1, a series of spasms were exclusively triggered by eating, and were associated with diffuse high-voltage slow waves on ictal EEG, particularly presentin...
journal_title:Brain & development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.braindev.2015.08.002
更新日期:2016-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Epilepsy with continuous spikes and waves during slow sleep (ECSWS) is associated with cognitive deficits. The underlying mechanism is thought to relate to disturbance of functions of the foci by the persistent epileptic activity. However, the relationship between epileptic foci and cognitive deficits remains...
journal_title:Brain & development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.braindev.2018.09.005
更新日期:2019-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Immaturity in water and electrolyte balance in the brain has been considered to increase the susceptibility of young animals and children to febrile convulsions (FCs). Arginine-vasopressin (AVP) is involved in the regulation of several centrally mediated events such as modulation of fever and the ease with which water...
journal_title:Brain & development
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0387-7604(95)00146-8
更新日期:1996-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is a common autosomal recessive neuromuscular disorder that is caused by loss of the survival motor neuron gene, SMN1. SMA treatment strategies have focused on production of the SMN protein from the almost identical gene, SMN2. Valproic acid (VPA) is a histone deacetylase inhibitor that c...
journal_title:Brain & development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.braindev.2011.04.010
更新日期:2012-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The aim of this research was to compare the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) scores and subscale scores in children with high-functioning autism spectrum disorder (HFASD) and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (AD/HD), and also to clarify the differences between parent- and teacher-assessed SDQ sco...
journal_title:Brain & development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.braindev.2009.09.009
更新日期:2010-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Nutritional deficiency in pregnant women is a confirmed cause of neural tube defects (NTDs). Alongside to this background, We sought to determine the nutritional status and level of awareness on the issue of the NTDs as well as folic acid (FA) utilization among women who born infants with NTDs in Tigray regi...
journal_title:Brain & development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.braindev.2018.12.005
更新日期:2019-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Anti-muscle-specific tyrosine kinase antibody (MuSK-Ab) is the second most frequent autoantibody identified in adult patients with myasthenia gravis (MG). Adult patients with MuSK-Ab demonstrate characteristic clinical features but very little information is available for childhood-onset patients with MuSK-positive MG...
journal_title:Brain & development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.braindev.2011.12.014
更新日期:2012-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Angelman syndrome (AS) is a genetic disorder with characteristic clinical and EEG findings. We report here the results of long-term follow-up studies on the epileptic seizures and EEG findings of 23 cases of deletion type AS confirmed by FISH analysis, including seven cases previously reported by Matsumoto et al. in 1...
journal_title:Brain & development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.braindev.2004.01.009
更新日期:2005-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Congenital cerebellar ataxia is usually thought to be of cerebellar origin. We report two children with congenital cerebellar ataxia, in whom neuroimaging investigations suggest the possibility of a parietal etiology. The two boys showed hypotonia, delayed motor and cognitive development followed by marked, truncally ...
journal_title:Brain & development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0387-7604(98)00021-7
更新日期:1998-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Tourette syndrome (TS) is a neurodevelopmental disorder defined by tics, but most patients also experience bothersome sensory phenomena, in the form of premonitory urges and/or sensory hypersensitivity. Whereas premonitory urges are temporally paired with tics, sensory hypersensitivity is a constant, heightened awaren...
journal_title:Brain & development
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.braindev.2020.06.003
更新日期:2020-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Relative to their numbers, more than twice the number of disabled children fell victim to the Great East Japan Earthquake than did normal people. It was important to find out needs and provide support, as the needs of disabled children vulnerable to the disaster, such as a shortage of diapers of the right size for dis...
journal_title:Brain & development
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.braindev.2012.09.008
更新日期:2013-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Epilepsia partialis continua (EPC) was one type of focal status epilepticus. The aim of this study was to analyze the clinical and electroencephalography (EEG) characteristics, and outcome of 57 child-onset patients with EPC according to different etiologies, and further explore the electro-clinical-etiologic...
journal_title:Brain & development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.braindev.2017.01.011
更新日期:2017-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::We evaluated brain lesions in patients with coronary arterial lesions (CAL) as a complication of Kawasaki disease (KD) by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and magnetic resonance angiography (MRA). Among 47 patients who underwent coronary angiography for the evaluation of CAL due to KD at Kyushu University Hospital fro...
journal_title:Brain & development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.braindev.2005.04.003
更新日期:2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::We present the clinical and neuropathological findings in a female patient with early onset Cockayne syndrome and a chromosomal anomaly (47XXX). The girl was the only child of healthy, unrelated parents. She was born with a birth weight of 1,930 gm. She had progeroid facial features with bilateral cataracts. A diagnos...
journal_title:Brain & development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0387-7604(12)80282-8
更新日期:1992-01-01 00:00:00