Abstract:
BACKGROUND:Sesquiterpene lactones are characteristic metabolites of Asteraceae (or Compositae) which often display potent bioactivities and are sequestered in specialized organs such as laticifers, resin ducts, and trichomes. For characterization of sunflower sesquiterpene synthases we employed a simple method to isolate pure trichomes from anther appendages which facilitated the identification of these genes and investigation of their enzymatic functions and expression patterns during trichome development. RESULTS:Glandular trichomes of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) were isolated, and their RNA was extracted to investigate the initial steps of sesquiterpene lactone biosynthesis. Reverse transcription-PCR experiments led to the identification of three sesquiterpene synthases. By combination of in vitro and in vivo characterization of sesquiterpene synthase gene products in Escherichia coli and Saccharomyces cerevisiae, respectively, two enzymes were identified as germacrene A synthases, the key enzymes of sesquiterpene lactone biosynthesis. Due to the very low in vitro activity, the third enzyme was expressed in vivo in yeast as a thioredoxin-fusion protein for functional characterization. In in vivo assays, it was identified as a multiproduct enzyme with the volatile sesquiterpene hydrocarbon delta-cadinene as one of the two main products with alpha-muuorlene, beta-caryophyllene, alpha-humulene and alpha-copaene as minor products. The second main compound remained unidentified. For expression studies, glandular trichomes from the anther appendages of sunflower florets were isolated in particular developmental stages from the pre- to the post-secretory phase. All three sesquiterpene synthases were solely upregulated during the biosynthetically active stages of the trichomes. Expression in different aerial plant parts coincided with occurrence and maturity of trichomes. Young roots with root hairs showed expression of the sesquiterpene synthase genes as well. CONCLUSION:This study functionally identified sesquiterpene synthase genes predominantly expressed in sunflower trichomes. Evidence for the transcriptional regulation of sesquiterpene synthase genes in trichome cells suggest a potential use for these specialized cells for the identification of further genes involved in the biosynthesis, transport, and regulation of sesquiterpene lactones.
journal_name
BMC Plant Bioljournal_title
BMC plant biologyauthors
Göpfert JC,Macnevin G,Ro DK,Spring Odoi
10.1186/1471-2229-9-86subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2009-07-06 00:00:00pages
86issn
1471-2229pii
1471-2229-9-86journal_volume
9pub_type
杂志文章abstract:BACKGROUND:ANGUSTIFOLIA (AN), one of the CtBP family proteins, plays a major role in microtubule-dependent cell morphogenesis. Microarray analysis of mammalian AN homologs suggests that AN might function as a transcriptional activator and regulator of a wide range of genes. Genetic characterization of AN mutants sugges...
journal_title:BMC plant biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1471-2229-13-79
更新日期:2013-05-14 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The development of transgenic plants as a production platform for biomass-degrading enzymes is a promising tool for an economically feasible allocation of enzymes processing lignocellulose. Previous research has already identified a major limitation of in planta production such as interference with the struc...
journal_title:BMC plant biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12870-015-0443-3
更新日期:2015-02-13 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Most plant viruses rely on vectors for their transmission and spread. One of the outstanding biological questions concerning the vector-pathogen-symbiont multi-trophic interactions is the potential involvement of vector symbionts in the virus transmission process. Here, we used a multi-factorial system conta...
journal_title:BMC plant biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12870-021-02838-5
更新日期:2021-01-29 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Identification of loci for grain yield (GY) and related traits, and dissection of the genetic architecture are important for yield improvement through marker-assisted selection (MAS). Two genome-wide association study (GWAS) methods were used on a diverse panel of 166 elite wheat varieties from the Yellow an...
journal_title:BMC plant biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12870-019-1781-3
更新日期:2019-04-29 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:N6-Methyladenosine (m6A) is the most widespread RNA modification that plays roles in the regulation of genes and genome stability. YT521-B homology (YTH) domain-containing RNA-binding proteins are important RNA binding proteins that affect the fate of m6A-containing RNA by binding m6A. Little is known about ...
journal_title:BMC plant biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12870-020-02505-1
更新日期:2020-06-23 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:ABA-mediated processes are involved in plant responses to water deficit, especially the control of stomatal opening. However in grapevine it is not known if these processes participate in the phenotypic variation in drought adaptation existing between genotypes. To elucidate this question, the response to sh...
journal_title:BMC plant biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12870-016-0778-4
更新日期:2016-04-18 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Normalizing through reference genes, or housekeeping genes, can make more accurate and reliable results from reverse transcription real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). Recent studies have shown that no single housekeeping gene is universal for all experiments. Thus, suitable reference gen...
journal_title:BMC plant biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1471-2229-10-49
更新日期:2010-03-21 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Plant architecture and the vegetative-reproductive transition have major impacts on the agronomic success of crop plants, but genetic mechanisms underlying these traits in cotton (Gossypium spp.) have not been identified. RESULTS:We identify four natural mutations in GoCEN-Dt associated with cluster fruitin...
journal_title:BMC plant biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12870-018-1518-8
更新日期:2018-11-20 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Two component systems (TCS) are phosphotransfer-based signal transduction pathways first discovered in bacteria, where they perform most of the sensing tasks. They present a highly modular structure, comprising a receptor with histidine kinase activity and a response regulator which regulates gene expression...
journal_title:BMC plant biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1471-2229-10-84
更新日期:2010-05-07 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs that regulate gene expression at the post-transcriptional level in eukaryotes. In rice, MIR7695 expression is regulated by infection with the rice blast fungus Magnaporthe oryzae with subsequent down-regulation of an alternatively spliced transcript of natural res...
journal_title:BMC plant biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12870-019-2156-5
更新日期:2019-12-18 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:A molecular-level understanding of the loss of CURVY1 (CVY1) gene expression (which encodes a member of the receptor-like protein kinase family) was investigated to gain insights into the mechanisms controlling cell morphogenesis and development in Arabidopsis thaliana. RESULTS:Using a reverse genetic and c...
journal_title:BMC plant biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12870-014-0221-7
更新日期:2014-08-27 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The function of 4-coumarate-CoA ligases (4CL) under abiotic stresses has been studied in plants, however, limited is known about the 4CL genes in cotton (G. hirsutum L.) and their roles in response to drought stress. RESULTS:We performed genome-wide identification of the 4CL genes in G. hirsutum and investi...
journal_title:BMC plant biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12870-020-2329-2
更新日期:2020-03-23 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Cold stress is one of the primary environmental factors that affect plant growth and productivity, especially for crops like Brassica napus that live through cold seasons. Till recently, although a number of genes and pathways involved in B. napus cold response have been revealed by independent studies, a ge...
journal_title:BMC plant biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12870-020-2253-5
更新日期:2020-02-06 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Soil salinity and alkalinity present a serious threat to global agriculture. However, most of the studies have focused on neutral salt stress, and the information on the metabolic responses of plants to alkaline salt stress is limited. This investigation aimed at determining the influence of neutral salt and...
journal_title:BMC plant biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12870-017-0994-6
更新日期:2017-02-10 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The nucleosome positioning regulates the gene expression and many other DNA-related processes in eukaryotes. Genome-wide mapping of nucleosome positions and correlation of genome-wide nucleosomal remodeling with the changes in the gene expression can help us understanding gene regulation on genome level. RE...
journal_title:BMC plant biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12870-014-0404-2
更新日期:2015-01-21 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:In plants, HIR (Hypersensitive Induced Reaction) proteins, members of the PID (Proliferation, Ion and Death) superfamily, have been shown to play a part in the development of spontaneous hypersensitive response lesions in leaves, in reaction to pathogen attacks. The levels of HIR proteins were shown to corre...
journal_title:BMC plant biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1471-2229-10-290
更新日期:2010-12-30 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinases (MAPKKKs; MAP3Ks) are important components of MAPK cascades, which are highly conserved signal transduction pathways in animals, yeast and plants, play important roles in plant growth and development. MAPKKKs have been investigated on their evolution and expres...
journal_title:BMC plant biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12870-014-0219-1
更新日期:2014-08-27 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:During pollen wall formation in flowering plants, a conserved metabolon consisting of acyl-CoA synthetase (ACOS), polyketide synthase (PKS) and tetraketide α-pyrone reductase (TKPR), is required for sporopollenin synthesis. Despite this, the precise function of each of these components in different species r...
journal_title:BMC plant biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12870-019-1711-4
更新日期:2019-03-18 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Flower development and sufficient fruit set are important parameters with respect to walnut yield. Knowledge about flowering genes of fruit trees can help to conduct better molecular breeding programs. Therefore, this study was carried out to investigate the expression pattern of some flowering genes (FT, SO...
journal_title:BMC plant biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12870-020-02372-w
更新日期:2020-04-03 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The acid component of grape berries, originating in the metabolism of malate and tartrate, the latter being less well-known than the former, is a key factor at play in the microbiological stability of wines destined for distillation. Grape acidity is increasingly affected by climate changes. The ability to c...
journal_title:BMC plant biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12870-016-0833-1
更新日期:2016-06-28 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) is the second most widely grown pulse and drought (limiting water) is one of the major constraints leading to about 40-50% yield losses annually. Dehydration responsive element binding proteins (DREBs) are important plant transcription factors that regulate the expression of man...
journal_title:BMC plant biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12870-020-02815-4
更新日期:2021-01-11 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Eukaryotic cilia are complex, highly conserved microtubule-based organelles with a broad phylogenetic distribution. Cilia were present in the last eukaryotic common ancestor and many proteins involved in cilia function have been conserved through eukaryotic diversification. However, cilia have also been lost...
journal_title:BMC plant biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1471-2229-11-185
更新日期:2011-12-30 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The modification effect of leaching fraction (LF) on the physiological responses of plants to irrigation water salinity (ECiw) remains unknown. Here, leaf gas exchange, photosynthetic light-response and CO2-response curves, and total carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) accumulation in hot pepper leaves were investig...
journal_title:BMC plant biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12870-019-1910-z
更新日期:2019-07-08 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) based on linkage disequilibrium (LD) provide a promising tool for the detection and fine mapping of quantitative trait loci (QTL) underlying complex agronomic traits. In this study we explored the genetic basis of variation for the traits heading date, plant height, tho...
journal_title:BMC plant biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1471-2229-12-16
更新日期:2012-01-27 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Fruit coloration of red-skinned grapevines is mainly due to anthocyanin pigments. We analysed a panel of nine cultivars that included extreme phenotypes for berry colour, ranging from green (absence of anthocyanins) to red, purple, violet and blue. Expression of six genes of the anthocyanin pathway coding fo...
journal_title:BMC plant biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1471-2229-7-46
更新日期:2007-08-30 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Photosynthesis plays a vital role as an energy source for plant metabolism, and its efficiency may be drastically reduced owing to abiotic stresses. Moso bamboo (Phyllostachys edulis), is a renewable and versatile resource with significant ecological and economic value, which encounters high light stress wit...
journal_title:BMC plant biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12870-016-0720-9
更新日期:2016-01-28 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Tocopherols are natural antioxidants with both in vivo (vitamin E) and in vitro activity. Sunflower seeds contain predominantly alpha-tocopherol (>90% of total tocopherols), with maximum vitamin E effect but lower in vitro antioxidant action than other tocopherol forms such as gamma-tocopherol. Sunflower ger...
journal_title:BMC plant biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1471-2229-12-71
更新日期:2012-05-18 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Wheat seeds provide a staple food and an important protein source for the world's population. Seed germination is vital to wheat growth and development and directly affects grain yield and quality. In this study, we performed the first comparative proteomic analysis of wheat embryo and endosperm during seed ...
journal_title:BMC plant biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12870-015-0471-z
更新日期:2015-04-08 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Plants constantly monitor changes in photoperiod or day length to trigger the flowering cycle at the most appropriate time of the year. It is well established that photoperiodic flowering is intimately associated with the circadian clock in Arabidopsis. In support of this notion, many clock-defective mutants...
journal_title:BMC plant biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12870-016-0810-8
更新日期:2016-05-20 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Brassinosteroids (BRs) are signaling molecules that play essential roles in the spatial regulation of plant growth and development. In contrast to other plant hormones BRs act locally, close to the sites of their synthesis, and thus homeostatic mechanisms must operate at the cellular level to equilibrate BR ...
journal_title:BMC plant biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1471-2229-11-51
更新日期:2011-03-24 00:00:00