Abstract：
:Biodiversity offsets are increasingly being used for securing biodiversity conservation outcomes as part of sustainable economic development to compensate for the residual unavoidable impacts of projects. Two recent New Zealand examples of biodiversity offsets are reviewed-while both are positive for biodiversity conservation, the process by which they were developed and approved was based more on the precautionary principal than on any formal framework. Based on this review and the broader offset literature, an environmental framework for developing and approving biodiversity offsets, comprising six principles, is outlined: (1) biodiversity offsets should only be used as part of an hierarchy of actions that first seeks to avoid impacts and then minimizes the impacts that do occur; (2) a guarantee is provided that the offset proposed will occur; (3) biodiversity offsets are inappropriate for certain ecosystem (or habitat) types because of their rarity or the presence of threatened species within them; (4) offsets most often involve the creation of new habitat, but can include protection of existing habitat where there is currently no protection; (5) a clear currency is required that allows transparent quantification of values to be lost and gained in order to ensure ecological equivalency between cleared and offset areas; (6) offsets must take into account both the uncertainty involved in obtaining the desired outcome for the offset area and the time-lag that is involved in reaching that point.
journal_name
Environ Managejournal_title
Environmental managementauthors
Norton DAdoi
10.1007/s00267-008-9192-5subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2009-04-01 00:00:00pages
698-706issue
4eissn
0364-152Xissn
1432-1009journal_volume
43pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:This article explores the expression of three forest value orientations that emerged from an analysis of Australian news media discourse about the management of Australian native forests from August 1, 1997 through December 31, 2004. Computer-coded content analysis was used to measure and track the relative importance...
journal_title：Environmental management
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00267-007-9011-4
更新日期：2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In Rocky Mountain National Park (RMNP), aspen (Populus tremuloides Michx.) has been observed to be declining on elk (Cervus elaphus nelsoni) winter range for many decades. To support elk management decisions, the SAVANNA ecosystem model was adapted to explore interactions between elk herbivory and aspen dynamics. The ...
journal_title：Environmental management
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00267-002-0029-3
更新日期：2003-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This study presents a GIS-based database framework used to assess aggregate terrestrial habitat impacts from multiple highway construction projects in California, USA. Transportation planners need such impact assessment tools to effectively address additive biological mitigation obligations. Such assessments can reduc...
journal_title：Environmental management
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00267-008-9246-8
更新日期：2009-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Living plants have been used for a very long time throughout the world in structures against soil erosion, as traces have been found dating back to the first century BC. Widely practiced in Western Europe during the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, bioengineering was somewhat abandoned in the middle of the twentie...
journal_title：Environmental management
pub_type： 历史文章,杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00267-009-9275-y
更新日期：2009-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Various approaches have been used to classify large geographical areas into smaller regions of similar water quality or extrapolate water-quality data from a few streams to other unmonitored streams. A combination of some of the strengths of existing techniques is used to develop a new approach for these purposes. In ...
journal_title：Environmental management
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00267-002-2955-5
更新日期：2003-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The purpose this study was to improve operational planning and management of national parks in Turkey to balance conservation use and sustainable management. Soguksu National Park (SNP) was chosen as the study area. The data were obtained from interviews of 182 visitor groups (in total, 819 people) and analyzed using ...
journal_title：Environmental management
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00267-003-0232-x
更新日期：2005-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Maintenance of soil organic carbon (SOC) is important for sustainable use of soil resources due to the multiple effects of SOC on soil nutrient status and soil structural stability. The objective of this study was to identify the changes in soil aggregate distribution and stability, SOC, and nitrogen (N) concentration...
journal_title：Environmental management
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00267-009-9284-x
更新日期：2009-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Plastic debris, specifically microplastic in the aquatic environment, is an escalating environmental crisis. Efforts at national scales to reduce or ban microplastics in personal care products are starting to pay off, but this will not affect those materials already in the environment or those that result from unregul...
journal_title：Environmental management
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s00267-017-0947-8
更新日期：2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Brazil's Samuel Dam, which formed a 540-km2 reservoir in the state of Rondônia in 1988, provides lessons for development decisions throughout Amazonia and in other tropical areas. The decision to build the dam was heavily influenced by its role in the political strategies of key decision makers. Samuel illustrates bot...
journal_title：Environmental management
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00267-004-0100-3
更新日期：2005-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In many ecosystems the effects of disturbance can be cryptic and disturbance may vary in subtle spatiotemporal ways. For instance, we know that bark beetle outbreaks are more frequent in temperate forests during droughts; however, we have little idea about why they occur in some locations and not others. Understanding...
journal_title：Environmental management
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00267-009-9413-6
更新日期：2010-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The Waquoit Bay Watershed ecological risk assessment was performed by an interdisciplinary and interagency workgroup. This paper focuses on the steps taken to formulate the analysis plan for this watershed assessment. The workgroup initially conducted a series of meetings with the general public and local and state ma...
journal_title：Environmental management
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00267-004-0085-y
更新日期：2004-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This paper assesses the significance of stakeholder discourses on uses of water by aquaculture for public policy. Our discourse analysis focuses on the experiences with inland aquaculture in Thailand, drawing from interviews with stakeholders, and evidence in public documents such as newspapers and television news rep...
journal_title：Environmental management
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00267-019-01143-0
更新日期：2019-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A landscape-level approach was applied to eight rural watersheds to assess the role that wetlands play in reducing phosphorus loading to surface waters in the Lake Champlain Basin. Variables summarizing various characteristics of wetlands within a watershed were calculated using a geographic information system and the...
journal_title：Environmental management
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF01204144
更新日期：1996-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We investigated the use of Landsat ETM+ images in the monitoring of turbidity, colored dissolved organic matter (CDOM), and Secchi disk transparency (Z(SD)) in lakes of two river basins located in southern Finland. The ETM+ images were acquired in May, June, and September 2002 and were corrected for atmospheric distur...
journal_title：Environmental management
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00267-008-9146-y
更新日期：2008-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Restoration efforts to increase wildlife habitat quality in agricultural landscapes have limited funding and are typically done on a first come, first serve basis. In order to increase the efficiency of these restoration efforts, a prioritized ranking system is needed to obtain the greatest increase in habitat quality...
journal_title：Environmental management
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00267-011-9660-1
更新日期：2011-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:/ Residential development of farmland is one of the primary driving forces of land degradation in both rural and urban fringe areas throughout the world. The loss of prime agricultural land is of great concern to planning offices and organizations seeking to preserve open space. The objective of this study is to demon...
journal_title：Environmental management
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s002679910042
更新日期：2000-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:To mitigate the adverse environmental impact of forest roads, especially degradation of endangered salmonid habitat, many public and private land managers in the western United States are actively decommissioning roads where practical and affordable. Road decommissioning is associated with reduced long-term environmen...
journal_title：Environmental management
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00267-008-9136-0
更新日期：2008-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The United States has lost about half its wetland acreage since European settlement, and the effectiveness of current wetland mitigation policies is often questioned. In most states, federal wetland laws are overseen by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, but Michigan administers these laws through the state's Departmen...
journal_title：Environmental management
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00267-012-9861-2
更新日期：2012-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:/ The rural West of the United States is considered strongly antienvironment. The traditional economic reliance of the area on natural resources has long explained this antienvironment stance. The region consistently elects federal officials who as a group consistently vote against environmental bills and seek to undo...
journal_title：Environmental management
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s002679900112
更新日期：1998-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Integrated management and policy models suggest that solutions to environmental issues may be linked to the socioeconomic and political characteristics of a nation. In this study, we empirically explore these suggestions by applying them to the wetland management activities of nations. Structural equation modeling was...
journal_title：Environmental management
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s002670010194
更新日期：2001-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Fragmentation of the forests affects forest ecosystems by changing the composition, shape, and configuration of the resulting patches. Subsequently, the prevailing conditions vary between patches. The exposure to the sun decreases from the patch boundary to the patch interior and this forms core and edge areas within ...
journal_title：Environmental management
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00267-015-0558-1
更新日期：2015-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Wildfires lead to important economic, social, and environmental losses, especially in areas of Mediterranean climate where they are of a high intensity and frequency. Over the past 30 years there has been a dramatic surge in the development and use of fire spread models. However, given the chaotic nature of environmen...
journal_title：Environmental management
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00267-002-2430-3
更新日期：2002-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Conservation-based development programs have sought to create economic opportunities for people negatively impacted by biological diversity protection. The USDA Forest Service, for example, developed policies and programs to create contracting opportunities for local communities to restore public lands to replace jobs...
journal_title：Environmental management
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00267-008-9116-4
更新日期：2008-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Non-point-source pollution of surface and groundwater is a prominent environmental issue in rural catchments, with major consequences on water supply and aquatic ecosystem quality. Among surface-water protection measures, environmental or landscape management policies support the implementation and the management of b...
journal_title：Environmental management
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00267-004-0271-y
更新日期：2004-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Wild and Scenic Rivers provide a host of psychological, social, ecological, and economic benefits to local communities. In this study, we use data collected from recreational users of two Wild and Scenic Rivers to examine perceptions of the benefits provided by the rivers to local communities. Our purposes are (1) to ...
journal_title：Environmental management
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00267-011-9671-y
更新日期：2011-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Anoxia can restrict species establishment in aquatic systems and the artificial promotion of these conditions can provide an effective control strategy for invasive molluscs. Low abundances (2-20 m(-2)) of the nonnative bivalve, Asian clam (Corbicula fluminea), were first recorded in Lake Tahoe, CA-NV in 2002 and by 2...
journal_title：Environmental management
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00267-012-9850-5
更新日期：2012-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This paper is a conceptual study that examines the viability of the construction of the Kra Isthmus within the context of the five dimensions of megaproject success of Sovacool and Cooper (The governance of energy megaprojects: politics, hubris, and energy security, 2013)-social (governance), technological (systems), ...
journal_title：Environmental management
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00267-015-0591-0
更新日期：2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:/ Collaboration of countries with an aim to share fresh surface water resources promises to generate potential joint benefits. Unfortunately, existing agreements lack the perspective and capacity to produce any real action in efficient cross-border water allocation. When that problem is encountered by any two adjacent...
journal_title：Environmental management
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s002679900079
更新日期：1998-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:CITYgreen software has become a commonly used tool to quantify the benefits of urban shade trees. Despite its frequent use, little research has been conducted to validate results of the CITYgreen energy conservation module. The first objective of this study is to perform a familiar application of CITYgreen software to...
journal_title：Environmental management
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00267-002-7003-y
更新日期：2004-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The dramatic increase of fire hazard in wildland-urban interfaces (WUIs) has required more detailed fuel management programs to preserve ecosystem functions and human settlements. Designing effective fuel treatment strategies allows to achieve goals such as resilient landscapes, fire-adapted communities, and ecosystem...
journal_title：Environmental management
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00267-015-0531-z
更新日期：2015-09-01 00:00:00
