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The kinetics of inhibition of human acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase by two series of novel carbamates.

Abstract：

:Controlled inhibition of brain acetyl- and butyrylcholinesterases (AChE and BChE, respectively) and of monoamine oxidase-B (MAO-B) may slow neurodegeneration in Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases. It was postulated that certain carbamate esters would inhibit AChE and BChE with the concomitant release in the brain of the OH-derivatives of rasagiline or selegiline that can serve as inhibitors of MAO-B and as antioxidants. We conducted a detailed in vitro kinetic study on two series of novel N-methyl, N-alkyl carbamates and compared them with rivastigmine, a known anti-Alzheimer drug. The rates of carbamylation (k(i)) and decarbamylation (k(r)) of recombinant human AChE were mainly determined by the size of the N-alkyl substituent and to a lesser extent by the nature of the leaving group. k(i) was highest when the alkyl was methyl, hexyl, cyclohexyl, or an aromatic substituent and lowest when it was ethyl. This suggested that k(i) depends on a delicate balance between the length of the residue and its degree of freedom of rotation. By contrast, presumably because of its wider gorge, inhibition of human BChE was less influenced by the size of the alkyl group and more dependent on the structure of the leaving group. The data show how the degree of enzyme inhibition can be manipulated by structural changes in the N-methyl, N-alkyl carbamates and the corresponding leaving group to achieve therapeutic levels of brain AChE, BChE, and MAO-B inhibition.

journal_name

Mol Pharmacol

journal_title

Molecular pharmacology

authors

Groner E,Ashani Y,Schorer-Apelbaum D,Sterling J,Herzig Y,Weinstock M

doi

10.1124/mol.107.033928

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2007-06-01 00:00:00

pages

1610-7

issue

6

eissn

0026-895X

issn

1521-0111

pii

mol.107.033928

journal_volume

71

pub_type

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