Abstract：
:We studied the relationship between theophylline and memory/learning using an elevated plus-maze test and measuring spontaneous locomotor activity in developing mice. There were no significant differences in transfer latency (TL) in 21-, 30- and 42-day-old mice in the acquisition trial, but theophylline significantly prolonged TL in comparison with the control group in 21- and 30-day-old mice in the retention trial (n = 20; 21-day-old mice, P = 0.0009; 30-day-old mice, P = 0.03). The dose-dependent stimulant effects of theophylline were shown in spontaneous locomotor activity (n = 16; 21-day-old mice, P = 0.0005; 30-day-old mice, P = 0.0007; 42-day-old mice, P = 0.0003) in all groups and in rearing in 21-day-old mice (P = 0.02) 1 h after drug administration, but there were no significant effects 24 h after drug administration in all groups. Our study showed that even a therapeutic dose of theophylline impaired memory/learning only in developing mice, and theophylline increased locomotor activity both in developing and adolescent mice. These observations are consistent with several clinical studies, which reported the relationships between theophylline use and memory/learning and learning-related behaviors in children, such as difficulty in studying and hyperactivity. Theophylline possibly induces memory/learning disabilities and hyperactivity in infants and young children.
journal_name
Brain Devjournal_title
Brain & developmentauthors
Hirose M,Yokoyama H,Iinuma Kdoi
10.1016/j.braindev.2003.12.008keywords:
subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2004-10-01 00:00:00pages
448-52issue
7eissn
0387-7604issn
1872-7131pii
S0387760404000087journal_volume
26pub_type
杂志文章abstract：OBJECTIVE:This study was performed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of intravenous phenobarbital (PB) for benign convulsions with mild gastroenteritis (CwG). METHODS:A randomized, single-blind, placebo-controlled trial involving patients with CwG was conducted at the Japanese Red Cross Society Himeji Hospital. Pati...
journal_title：Brain & development
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1016/j.braindev.2019.03.014
更新日期：2019-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:To determine the effect of flunarizine therapy on patients with alternating hemiplegia of childhood (AHC), we sent a questionnaire by mail to council members of the Japanese Society of Child Neurology. We collected 28 AHC patients, and studied their clinical courses and the effects of drug therapy. All of the patients...
journal_title：Brain & development
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0387-7604(01)00229-7
更新日期：2001-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Congenital neuromuscular disease with uniform type 1 fibers is a rare form of congenital nonprogressive myopathy. We report a 3-year-old boy with this disease who showed delayed motor developmental milestones and recurrent acute respiratory failure. He obtained head control at 16 months, crawled at 17 months and sat a...
journal_title：Brain & development
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.braindev.2005.06.008
更新日期：2006-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:We retrospectively reviewed six patients with incontinentia pigmenti (IP) who had encephalopathic manifestations during early infancy. METHODS:We enrolled six patients who met the following criteria from the mailing list of the Annual Zao Conference: (1) diagnosis of IP; (2) encephalopathic manifestations wi...
journal_title：Brain & development
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.braindev.2010.04.002
更新日期：2011-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Congenital hypothyroidism is the most common reason of mental retardation, and normal neurological development can be provided by early and effective treatment. In this present study, it is aimed to compare neurological developments of patients in 6-42 months of age with congenital hypothyroidism and healthy...
journal_title：Brain & development
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.braindev.2012.07.003
更新日期：2013-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Factors useful to predict seizure frequency and duration of antiepileptic treatment of children with benign partial epilepsy and rolandic spikes were retrospectively evaluated in 72 patients seizure-free for at least 5 years and off antiepileptic drugs for at least 2 years. Three groups were considered: Group I, 11 pa...
journal_title：Brain & development
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0387-7604(87)80049-9
更新日期：1987-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Mutations in the methyl-CpG-binding protein 2 (MECP2) gene located on Xq28, cause Rett syndrome (RTT) in female patients. Meanwhile, nonmosaic MECP2 mutations unknown in girls have been found in an increasing number of male patients with a normal 46, XY karyotype. They can cause a broad spectrum of neurodevelopmental ...
journal_title：Brain & development
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.braindev.2005.10.007
更新日期：2006-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The autosomal recessive form of primary microcephaly (MCPH) is a rare disorder characterized by head circumference of at least 3 standard deviation below the mean. The MCPH exhibits genetic heterogeneity with thirteen loci (MCPH1-MCPH13) identified, and associated with variable degree of intellectual disability. It ha...
journal_title：Brain & development
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.braindev.2017.07.003
更新日期：2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Zonisamide is widely used for intractable epilepsy and the effects of this drug on fetuses and neonates through the mother taking it for epilepsy need to be clarified. We measured the zonisamide concentration in plasma and breast milk using high-performance liquid chromatography to investigate the transfer of zonisami...
journal_title：Brain & development
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0387-7604(01)00407-7
更新日期：2002-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We recorded serially brainstem auditory evoked response (BAER) during the neonatal period in term infants who suffered perinatal asphyxia. The amplitudes of BAER components was analysed at 40 dB above BAER threshold of each subject who had a threshold journal_title：Brain & development pub_type： 杂志文章 doi：10.1016/j.braindev.2006.03.004 更新日期：2006-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Rett syndrome is a severe genetic neurodevelopmental disorder mainly affecting females. The aim of this study was to describe pubertal development in a population-based cohort of females with Rett syndrome. METHODS:To assess pubertal trajectory we used six waves of data provided by parents of girls and wome...
journal_title：Brain & development
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.braindev.2012.11.007
更新日期：2013-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We examined seizure, cognitive, and motor outcomes in patients with Rasmussen syndrome or Rasmussen encephalitis (RS), after recent initiation of immunomodulatory therapies. Among 53 patients with a diagnosis of RS referred from all over Japan, 49 patients (male 22, female 27) with symptoms and findings characteristic...
journal_title：Brain & development
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.braindev.2013.01.010
更新日期：2013-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Thirty-one epileptic patients, selected from among 900 children with previous febrile convulsions and subsequent epilepsy, were typed for HLA antigens. In 16 of the 31 patients CMV was isolated from the urine shortly after the appearance of spontaneous fits; in the remaining 15 patients the virus was never detected. A...
journal_title：Brain & development
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0387-7604(88)80008-1
更新日期：1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Environmental enrichment results in many modifications in the brain such as structural, behavioural, and biochemical changes. alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid (AMPA)-type receptors for excitatory amino acid glutamate are recently found to be involved in neuronal plasticity. In this study, we ex...
journal_title：Brain & development
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.braindev.2004.07.006
更新日期：2005-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:Epilepsy with continuous spikes and waves during slow sleep (ECSWS) is associated with cognitive deficits. The underlying mechanism is thought to relate to disturbance of functions of the foci by the persistent epileptic activity. However, the relationship between epileptic foci and cognitive deficits remains...
journal_title：Brain & development
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.braindev.2018.09.005
更新日期：2019-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:CLCN2-related leukoencephalopathy (CC2L) is a rare autosomal recessive disorder caused by variants in CLCN2. We report a boy whose brain MRI during an episode of aseptic meningitis at the age of 6 years revealed wide areas of restriction on diffusion-weighted images (DWI) in the cerebral subcortical white matter calle...
journal_title：Brain & development
pub_type：
doi：10.1016/j.braindev.2020.02.008
更新日期：2020-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Serial polygraphic recordings of two to three hours duration were made in five full-term newborns with trisomy 18 and one full-term newborn with trisomy 13 syndrome. The newborns with 18 trisomy syndrome were poor sleepers with long periods of wakefulness and/or drowsiness. There were no consistent abnormalities in th...
journal_title：Brain & development
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0387-7604(79)80029-7
更新日期：1979-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:Several neurotransmitters involved in brain development are altered in fragile X syndrome (FXS), the most common monogenic cause of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Serotonin plays a vital role in synaptogenesis and postnatal brain development. Deficits in serotonin synthesis and abnormal neurogenesis were sh...
journal_title：Brain & development
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1016/j.braindev.2017.01.012
更新日期：2017-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Blink reflex can be elicited by sudden strong auditory stimulation. Using a special transducer wer recorded this reflex which appears as a microvibration of the eyelid, and named it auditory-evoked eyelid microvibration (AMV). As the reflex pathway of AMV exists in the brainstem, AMV is an easy and useful way of knowi...
journal_title：Brain & development
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0387-7604(84)80009-1
更新日期：1984-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:This study investigated the efficacy and safety of zonisamide (ZNS) adjunctive therapy in children with intractable epilepsy to existing antiepileptic drugs (AEDs). METHODS:A clinical retrospective study was performed from 2003 to 2005 at two tertiary epilepsy centers. We reviewed the data from 163 children (1...
journal_title：Brain & development
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,多中心研究
doi：10.1016/j.braindev.2009.02.003
更新日期：2010-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:Patients with Tourette syndrome (TS) often report characteristic sensory experiences, also called premonitory urges (PUs), which precede tic expression and have high diagnostic relevance. This study investigated the usefulness of a scale developed and validated in children and adolescents-the Premonitory Urge...
journal_title：Brain & development
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.braindev.2012.12.010
更新日期：2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Oxidative stress plays an important role in cystic periventricular leukomalacia (PVL). We performed a case-control study of preterm infants delivered at <35 weeks of gestation between January 2003 and December 2006. Patients were stratified into three groups, according to age at which cysts were initially identified: ...
journal_title：Brain & development
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.braindev.2008.10.008
更新日期：2009-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The diagnosis of fragile X A syndrome (FRAXA) during childhood depends largely on DNA-based diagnostic tests due to the lack of the specific clinical features. To determine a non-invasive screening method for fragile X syndrome, we studied the method of DNA-based diagnosis using urine or hair roots instead of routinel...
journal_title：Brain & development
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.braindev.2003.11.002
更新日期：2004-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Xeroderma pigmentosum (XP), a genetic disorder in DNA nucleotide excision repair, is characterized by skin hypersensitivity to sunlight and progressive neurological impairment. Laryngeal dystonia and vocal cord paralysis are complications that can arise in older XP group A (XPA) patients. We report three patients with...
journal_title：Brain & development
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.braindev.2009.09.008
更新日期：2010-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Short latency somatosensory evoked potentials (SSEPs) and 99mTc-hexamethylpropylene amine oxime single photon emission computed tomography (99mTc-HMPAO SPECT) were examined in a patient with alternating hemiplegia in infancy (AHI) before and after flunarizine treatment. The low amplitude and elongation of the latency ...
journal_title：Brain & development
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0387-7604(94)90032-9
更新日期：1994-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:This study aimed to analyze the topological characteristics of brain structural network in pediatric epilepsy patients with vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) by applying graph theoretical approaches. METHODS:Nine patients with generalized seizures and eight normal controls (NC) were enrolled. Based on diffusion te...
journal_title：Brain & development
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.braindev.2020.07.006
更新日期：2021-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：UNLABELLED:X-linked adenoleukodystrophy is a genetic disease that affects the degradation of very long-chain fatty acids. In male patients, common pictures are the cerebral form (CALD), myeloneuropathy (AMN), and Addison-only. OBJECTIVE:To describe the clinical course of affected male patients from South Brazil betwee...
journal_title：Brain & development
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.braindev.2009.02.002
更新日期：2010-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Neuromyelitis optica (NMO) is an inflammatory demyelinating disease with a poor prognosis that is characterized by inflammatory optic neuritis and myelitis. Although it is commonly misdiagnosed as multiple sclerosis (MS), distinguishing NMO from MS is important, as therapeutic approaches approved for MS are ineffectiv...
journal_title：Brain & development
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.braindev.2014.03.015
更新日期：2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We evaluated the cyclic alternating pattern (CAP) during the first year of life in order to obtain information on the maturation of arousal mechanisms during NREM sleep and to provide normative data for CAP parameters in this age range (5-16months). Eleven healthy children (mean age 7.9±3.3months, seven boys) were stu...
journal_title：Brain & development
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.braindev.2010.07.008
更新日期：2011-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A 10-year-old male patient, who had suffered from intractable convulsions from the neonatal period, is presented. Serial brain images suggested slow, gradual destruction of neural elements. Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) DNA was detected in his cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) by means of the polymerase chain reaction. Intrath...
journal_title：Brain & development
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0387-7604(93)90086-n
更新日期：1993-11-01 00:00:00
