Abstract:
OBJECTIVE:The goal of this study was to compare rates of positive medical findings in a 5-year prospective study of 2384 children, referred for evaluation of possible sexual abuse, with two decades of research. The prospective study summarizes demographic information, clinical history, relationship of perpetrators, nature of abuse, and clinical findings. The study reports on the results by patterns of referral and the medical examination. RESULTS:There were 2384 children evaluated in a tertiary referral center between 1985 and 1990 for possible sexual abuse. Children were referred after they disclosed sexual abuse, because of behavioral changes or exposure to an abusive environment, and because of possible medical conditions. A total of 96.3% of all children referred for evaluation had a normal medical examination; 95.6% of children reporting abuse were normal, 99.8% who were referred for behavioral changes or exposure to abuse were also normal. Of the 182 children referred for evaluation of medical conditions, 92% were found to be normal at the time of examination by the Child Advocacy Center. The remaining 15/182 (8%) that were found to be abnormal were diagnosed with sexually transmitted diseases, acute or healed genital injuries, and were 17% (15/88) of the total cases found to have medical findings diagnostic of abuse. Interviews of the children indicated that 68% of the girls and 70% of the boys reported severe abuse, defined as penetration of vagina or anus. Penetration was associated with a higher percentage of abnormal findings in girls (6%) compared to 1% of the boys. The relationship of the abuser impacted on the severity of the abuse. CONCLUSION:Research indicates that medical, social, and legal professionals have relied too heavily on the medical examination in diagnosing child sexual abuse. History from the child remains the single most important diagnostic feature in coming to the conclusion that a child has been sexually abused. Only 4% of all children referred for medical evaluation of sexual abuse have abnormal examinations at the time of evaluation. Even with a history of severe abuse such as vaginal or anal penetration, the rate of abnormal medical findings is only 5.5%. Biological parents are less likely to engage in severe abuse than parental substitutes, extended family members, or strangers.
journal_name
Child Abuse Negljournal_title
Child abuse & neglectauthors
Heger A,Ticson L,Velasquez O,Bernier Rdoi
10.1016/s0145-2134(02)00339-3keywords:
subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2002-06-01 00:00:00pages
645-59issue
6-7eissn
0145-2134issn
1873-7757pii
S0145-2134(02)00339-3journal_volume
26pub_type
杂志文章abstract::This research is an item analysis of a measure of knowledge of sexual abuse prevention concepts, the Children's Knowledge of Abuse Questionnaire (C.K.A.Q.), which was utilized in an evaluation of an elementary school program. The literature review highlights developmental theories that distinguish between children in ...
journal_title:Child abuse & neglect
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0145-2134(94)90119-8
更新日期:1994-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::This paper reports the findings in a study of the incidence of periosteal elevation in children and its possible relationship to child abuse. Two separate sets of radiographs of the skeleton of children were taken for a variety of diagnostic purposes. The suspected abuse set consisted of 59 radiographs taken for suspe...
journal_title:Child abuse & neglect
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0145-2134(82)90041-2
更新日期:1982-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study ascertained the efficacy of hospitalization of children with nonorganic failure to thrive (NOFTT). A meta-analysis was performed on previously published research findings which met certain criteria for inclusion in the analysis. Two categories of outcome measures, physical growth pattern and psychosocial de...
journal_title:Child abuse & neglect
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0145-2134(88)90050-6
更新日期:1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::As there is no "gold standard" in determining whether a fracture is caused by accident or abuse, agreement among medical providers is paramount. Using abstracted medical record data from 551 children <36months of age presenting to a pediatric emergency department, we examined the extent of agreement between specialist...
journal_title:Child abuse & neglect
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.chiabu.2017.08.001
更新日期:2017-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Infants have the highest rates of maltreatment reporting and entries to foster care. Prenatal substance exposure is thought to contribute to early involvement with child protective services (CPS), yet there have been limited data with which to examine this relationship or variations by substance type. Using linked bir...
journal_title:Child abuse & neglect
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.chiabu.2017.10.002
更新日期:2018-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Despite the recent increase in interest in the area of child sexual abuse, few studies have explored the attitudes of professionals involved in working with children. The present study investigates variables relating to the attribution of censure by two professional groups (teachers and social workers), to a victim of...
journal_title:Child abuse & neglect
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0145-2134(90)90013-j
更新日期:1990-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Controlled studies have shown deliberate self-harm to be more common in abused populations, but no controlled studies have shown abuse to be more common in self-harming populations. This is the first controlled study to determine whether abuse experiences (sexual, physical, and psychological) occurred more co...
journal_title:Child abuse & neglect
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0145-2134(01)00276-9
更新日期:2001-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Adolescent psychiatric inpatients suffer high rates of childhood sexual abuse, trauma-related distress, and suicidality. This study evaluated the hypothesis that three domains of resiliency (i.e., Sense of Mastery, Sense of Relatedness, and Emotional Reactivity) would mediate the effect of trauma-related distress upon...
journal_title:Child abuse & neglect
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.chiabu.2019.01.012
更新日期:2019-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The present study examines multiple types of victimization simultaneously, their prevalence and characteristics in childhood and adolescence, and it examines the associations between victimization and poly-victimization on the one hand and single and multiple mental health and behavioral problems on the other. The sam...
journal_title:Child abuse & neglect
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.chiabu.2014.03.002
更新日期:2014-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::To increase their knowledge of the medical evaluation and reporting of child sexual abuse, medical students, pediatric resident physicians, fellows and attendings participated in an interdisciplinary team-based training program consisting of didactic lectures, case discussions, videotapes and direct participation in p...
journal_title:Child abuse & neglect
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0145-2134(95)00065-g
更新日期:1995-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Major depression is often accompanied by deficits in cognitive functioning and lowered executive functions. However, not all depressed patients show impairments in these domains. The aim of this study was to examine whether different kinds of childhood adversity might account for cognitive deficits in patient...
journal_title:Child abuse & neglect
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.chiabu.2017.06.013
更新日期:2017-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Teachers are potentially helpful resource persons for large numbers of sexually abused children who may have difficulty disclosing abuse, particularly to family members. In the present study, the effectiveness of a 6-hour teacher training workshop on child sexual abuse prevention was evaluated. Responses of 26 female ...
journal_title:Child abuse & neglect
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0145-2134(88)90072-5
更新日期:1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::World Health Organization vital statistics data were used to compare U.S. homicide death rates with those in 23 other developed countries. Using rank ordering and comparison with mean and median rates for the other countries, U.S. homicide rates for the general population were found to be exceptionally high among deve...
journal_title:Child abuse & neglect
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0145-2134(83)90012-1
更新日期:1983-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study aimed to examine the pathways from child sexual abuse to sexual assault victimization and perpetration in adolescence and early adulthood, considering risky sexual behavior and lowered sexual self-esteem as mediator variables. In a two-wave longitudinal study with 2251 college students in Germany, male and ...
journal_title:Child abuse & neglect
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.chiabu.2016.10.004
更新日期:2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To determine if a commercially produced video, "What Do I Say Now?" (Committee for Children, 1996) leads to an increase in parent-child discussion about child sexual abuse (CSA). METHOD:Forty-five parents of children 2-6 years of age were randomly assigned to participate in either a CSA prevention workshop o...
journal_title:Child abuse & neglect
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1016/s0145-2134(98)00094-5
更新日期:1998-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::This brief communication by Woodling and Heger on the use of colposcopy in the assessment of children who may have been sexually exploited raises some interesting and exciting new dimensions to our diagnostic approach. These are presented by the authors as early findings. The readers should note that standards have no...
journal_title:Child abuse & neglect
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0145-2134(86)90039-6
更新日期:1986-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Increasingly, evidence-based treatment guidelines emphasize the role of parents in first-line treatment approaches for child and adolescent psychiatric disorders. Yet there are no best practice guidelines for practitioners on the identification and reporting of suspicions and disclosures of child maltreatmen...
journal_title:Child abuse & neglect
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.chiabu.2018.11.010
更新日期:2019-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The objective of this study was to identify individual, family and caregiver risk factors for serious child maltreatment, resulting in hospitalization or death, among children and families investigated by Child Protective Services (CPS). We conducted a matched case-control study of 234 children who sustained fatal or ...
journal_title:Child abuse & neglect
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.chiabu.2016.11.003
更新日期:2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Parental risk for perpetrating child abuse is frequently associated with intergenerational patterns of abuse: being abused increases the risk for future abuse. Yet, the mechanisms of intergenerational abuse are unclear, and the risk factors for perpetrating child abuse are interrelated. Research suggests that history ...
journal_title:Child abuse & neglect
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.chiabu.2018.08.004
更新日期:2018-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Mothers with a substance use disorder (SUD) are at risk for maladaptive parenting practices, and have heightened likelihood of having experienced childhood adversity themselves. In addition, parental reflective functioning (PRF), a capacity underlying sensitive caregiving, is often low in mothers with SUD. This study ...
journal_title:Child abuse & neglect
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.chiabu.2018.05.007
更新日期:2018-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:This discussion paper adds to the recent critical debate concerning retrospective measurement of childhood abuse and adverse experiences. A series of recent articles found only modest overlap of prospective informant-based records with retrospective self-report questionnaires, with biases evident in the latt...
journal_title:Child abuse & neglect
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.chiabu.2019.104236
更新日期:2019-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To establish the nature and extent of maltreatment experiences, coping strategies, and behavioral/emotional problems, and their relationships, in a sample of Palestinian adolescents. METHOD:A study of 97 male adolescents aged 15-19 years, and attending a vocational training center based in the Gaza Strip. Ad...
journal_title:Child abuse & neglect
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.chiabu.2002.12.002
更新日期:2004-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Perinatal child abuse prevention projects are rarely rigorously evaluated. Women were referred to the Child Parent Enrichment Project (CPEP) project during or just after pregnancy if identified as at-risk of engaging in child abuse by community professionals. Clients were randomly assigned to CPEP services (n = 97) or...
journal_title:Child abuse & neglect
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1016/0145-2134(91)90021-5
更新日期:1991-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:Childhood maltreatment (CM) and cognitive emotion regulation strategies (CERSs) may be important in alcohol craving and dependence in alcohol-dependent individuals. The aim of this study was to evaluate direct effects of CM on the subscales of alcohol craving and alcohol dependence and its indirect effects v...
journal_title:Child abuse & neglect
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1016/j.chiabu.2019.104197
更新日期:2019-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The neglect of children is a serious global problem. The 1989 United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child (CRC) was a major international achievement spurring national efforts to prevent and address neglect. However, the scope of neglect worldwide and progress in addressing it remain unclear. OBJEC...
journal_title:Child abuse & neglect
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.chiabu.2019.104296
更新日期:2020-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Authoritarian ideology, including religious conservativism, endorses obedience to authority and physical punishment of children. Although this association has been studied at the level of the family, little research has been conducted on whether conservativism in the broader community context correlates with the mistr...
journal_title:Child abuse & neglect
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.chiabu.2014.11.019
更新日期:2015-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Intimate Partner Violence (IPV) against women is a complex phenomenon with long-term consequences for victims and their families. OBJECTIVE:The goals of this study are two-fold: to identify common patterns of co-occurring and/or successive experiences with IPV; and to study the association between these IPV...
journal_title:Child abuse & neglect
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.chiabu.2020.104609
更新日期:2020-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:This study examined health service access among children of different racial/ethnic groups in the child welfare system in an attempt to identify and explain disparities. METHODS:Data were from the National Survey of Child and Adolescent Well-Being (NSCAW). N for descriptive statistics=2,505. N for multiple r...
journal_title:Child abuse & neglect
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.chiabu.2008.11.003
更新日期:2009-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:This study examined the relationship between child marriage and intimate partner violence (IPV) in Ghana, looking specifically for possible mechanisms driving the relationship. METHOD:Nationally representative cross-sectional data were collected from 2289 ever-married Ghanaian women and analysed using random...
journal_title:Child abuse & neglect
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.chiabu.2019.01.004
更新日期:2019-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To examine whether depressed mood and anger mediate the effects of sexual abuse and family conflict/violence on self-injurious behavior and substance use. METHODS:A cross-sectional national survey was conducted including 9,085 16-19 year old students attending all high schools in Iceland in 2004. Participant...
journal_title:Child abuse & neglect
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.chiabu.2010.12.003
更新日期:2011-03-01 00:00:00