Pharmacokinetics of cetirizine in tear fluid after a single oral dose.

abstract：BACKGROUND:Fast-acting insulin aspart (faster aspart) is an ultra-fast-acting formulation of insulin aspart (IAsp). This post hoc analysis investigated the pharmacokinetics of faster aspart versus IAsp, measured as free or total IAsp, and the relationship between anti-IAsp antibodies and the pharmacokinetics/pharmacody...

journal_title：Clinical pharmacokinetics

authors： Haahr H,Pieber TR,Mathieu C,Gondolf T,Shiramoto M,Erichsen L,Heise T

更新日期：2019-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Modifications to bodily functions and physiology are known to occur with age. These changes can have a considerable impact on the pharmacokinetic processes of absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion and the pharmacodynamic properties of administered drugs. For many drugs with a high therapeutic index, this ...

journal_title：Clinical pharmacokinetics

authors： Wildiers H,Highley MS,de Bruijn EA,van Oosterom AT

更新日期：2003-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Pegfilgrastim is a sustained-duration form of filgrastim, a recombinant methionyl form of human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF), to which a 20  kDa polyethylene glycol molecule is covalently bound to the N-terminal methionine residue. Similar to filgrastim, pegfilgrastim increases the proliferation and d...

journal_title：Clinical pharmacokinetics

authors： Yang BB,Kido A

更新日期：2011-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Drug-drug, drug-formulation and drug-meal interactions are of clinical concern for orally administered drugs that possess a narrow therapeutic index. This review presents the current status of information regarding interactions which may influence the gastrointestinal (GI) absorption of orally administered drugs. Abso...

journal_title：Clinical pharmacokinetics

authors： Fleisher D,Li C,Zhou Y,Pao LH,Karim A

更新日期：1999-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In the drug therapy of cardiac emergencies, it is necessary to rapidly achieve therapeutic drug concentrations and adjust drug dose as the patient's clinical status changes. Cardiac dysfunction is often present and may alter drug pharmacokinetics. Circulatory failure causes sympathetically mediated vasoconstriction in...

journal_title：Clinical pharmacokinetics

authors： Pentel P,Benowitz N

更新日期：1984-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Although individualised antihypertensive therapy is widely recommended, prospective methods for optimising treatment are hampered by the paucity of basic information about dose-plasma concentration-response relationships for commonly used drugs. Concentration-effect analysis has been applied to a number of therapeutic...

journal_title：Clinical pharmacokinetics

authors： Donnelly R,Elliott HL,Meredith PA

更新日期：1994-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:The aim of this study was to evaluate the pharmacokinetics (PK) of trastuzumab emtansine (T-DM1) and relevant analytes in patients with human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-positive metastatic breast cancer and hepatic impairment. METHODS:Patients were enrolled in three independent parallel cohort...

journal_title：Clinical pharmacokinetics

authors： Li C,Agarwal P,Gibiansky E,Jin JY,Dent S,Gonçalves A,Nijem I,Strasak A,Harle-Yge ML,Chernyukhin N,LoRusso P,Girish S

更新日期：2017-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Peak expiratory flow rate, adverse effects and serum theophylline concentration were measured during treatment of episodes of severe airways obstruction. 174 patients were randomised to target theophylline concentrations of 10 mg/L or 20 mg/L. The recovery of peak flow rate towards normal values was explicable in term...

journal_title：Clinical pharmacokinetics

authors： Holford N,Hashimoto Y,Sheiner LB

更新日期：1993-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Cyclosporin is a powerful immunosuppressive drug used in transplantation medicine and to treat autoimmune diseases. It is a lipophilic molecule, with its bioavailability dependent on food, bile and other interacting factors. Cyclosporin is extensively metabolised in the liver by the cytochrome P450 3A system, which is...

journal_title：Clinical pharmacokinetics

authors： Fahr A

更新日期：1993-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Routine use of therapeutic drug monitoring in children is helpful in individualizing the dosage during long term treatment (e.g. theophylline and antiepileptic drugs) and in checking against toxic accumulation of drug in neonates (e.g. digoxin, theophylline/caffeine and aminoglycoside antibiotics). In individual patie...

journal_title：Clinical pharmacokinetics

authors： Boréus LO

更新日期：1989-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The disposition of simeprevir (SMV) in humans is characterised by cytochrome P450 3A4 metabolism and hepatic uptake by organic anion transporting polypeptide 1B1/3 (OATP1B1/3). This study was designed to investigate SMV plasma and liver exposure upon oral administration in subjects infected with hepatitis C virus (HCV...

journal_title：Clinical pharmacokinetics

authors： Snoeys J,Beumont M,Monshouwer M,Ouwerkerk-Mahadevan S

更新日期：2017-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Therapeutic drug monitoring is now widely used in many areas of medicine. With its proliferation has come an understanding of the clinical situations in which it is likely to be of value. Factors that can limit the usefulness of therapeutic drug monitoring and situations where it is less likely to be of benefit have a...

journal_title：Clinical pharmacokinetics

authors： Moore MJ,Erlichman C

更新日期：1987-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Esmolol is an ultra short-acting intravenous cardioselective beta-antagonist. It has an extremely short elimination half-life (mean: 9 minutes; range: 4 to 16 minutes) and a total body clearance [285 ml/min/kg (17.1 L/h/kg)] approaching 3 times cardiac output and 14 times hepatic blood flow. The alpha-distribution hal...

journal_title：Clinical pharmacokinetics

authors： Wiest D

更新日期：1995-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:Metformin is a biguanide used in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus. In girls with a low birth weight, and early-normal and rapidly progressive puberty, metformin therapy is capable of modifying this outcome, prolonging pubertal growth, increasing height gain, delaying the age at menarch...

journal_title：Clinical pharmacokinetics

authors： Sánchez-Infantes D,Díaz M,López-Bermejo A,Marcos MV,de Zegher F,Ibáñez L

更新日期：2011-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Aminoglycoside antibiotics are very important in the treatment of Gram-negative infections and as synergistic agents for the treatment of staphylococcal and streptococcal (group B streptococci and enterococci) infections. However, these agents have a narrow therapeutic index. Thus, a number of new antibiotics have bee...

journal_title：Clinical pharmacokinetics

authors： Bertino JS Jr,Rodvold KA,Destache CJ

更新日期：1994-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Ketoprofen, a potent nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) of the 2-arylpropionic acid class, has been used clinically for over 15 years in Europe, and has recently been introduced in the United States. Although it possesses a chiral centre, with only the S-enantiomer possessing beneficial pharmacological activi...

journal_title：Clinical pharmacokinetics

authors： Jamali F,Brocks DR

更新日期：1990-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:Milrinone is the drug of choice for the treatment and prevention of low cardiac output syndrome (LCOS) in paediatric patients after open heart surgery across Europe. Discrepancies, however, among prescribing guidance, clinical studies and practice pattern require clarification to ensure safe an...

journal_title：Clinical pharmacokinetics

authors： Vogt W

更新日期：2014-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Since 1989 there has been an exponential introduction of new antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) into clinical practice and these include eslicarbazepine acetate, felbamate, gabapentin, lacosamide, lamotrigine, levetiracetam, oxcarbazepine, perampanel, pregabalin, retigabine (ezogabine), rufinamide, stiripentol, tiagabine, top...

journal_title：Clinical pharmacokinetics

authors： Patsalos PN

更新日期：2013-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:According to recent clinical consensus, pharmacotherapy of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is, or should be, personalized medicine. IBD treatment is complex, with highly different treatment classes and relatively few data on treatment strategy. Although thorough evidence-based international IBD guidelines currently e...

journal_title：Clinical pharmacokinetics

authors： Derijks LJJ,Wong DR,Hommes DW,van Bodegraven AA

更新日期：2018-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Enzyme replacement therapy (ERT) is currently the standard treatment for patients with Gaucher disease type I (GD1), but the pharmacokinetics have hardly been studied. This study aimed to quantify in vivo enzyme activity in peripheral leukocytes from patients receiving long-term treatment with imiglucerase o...

journal_title：Clinical pharmacokinetics

authors： Gras-Colomer E,Martínez-Gómez MA,Moya-Gil A,Fernandez-Zarzoso M,Merino-Sanjuan M,Climente-Martí M

更新日期：2016-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) draft guidance for industry on drug interaction studies recommends, but does not mandate, that both cigarette smokers and non-smokers can be used to study drug metabolism in clinical trials, and that important results related to smoking should be included in drug labelling to ...

journal_title：Clinical pharmacokinetics

authors： Li H,Shi Q

更新日期：2015-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The alignment of drug metabolism and pharmacokinetic departments with drug discovery has not produced a radical improvement in the pharmacokinetic properties of new chemical entities. The reason for this is complex, reflecting in part the difficulty of combining potency, selectivity, water solubility, metabolic stabil...

journal_title：Clinical pharmacokinetics

authors： Smith D,Schmid E,Jones B

更新日期：2002-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the dose proportionality and linearity and pharmacokinetic profile of desloratadine after single oral doses over the range of 5 to 20mg. DESIGN:Single centre, randomised, open-label, 4-way crossover study in which healthy adults received single doses of desloratadine (5, 7.5, 10 and 20mg) in 4 di...

journal_title：Clinical pharmacokinetics

authors： Gupta S,Banfield C,Affrime M,Marco A,Cayen M,Herron J,Padhi D

更新日期：2002-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The pharmacokinetics of metoprolol have been studied in a group of patients with varying degrees of renal impairment and in healthy subjects after administration of 20 mg of metoprolol tartrate intravenously and 50 mg orally in a single dose and during steady-state conditions. There were no significant differences in ...

journal_title：Clinical pharmacokinetics

authors： Jordö L,Attman PO,Aurell M,Johansson L,Johnsson G,Regårdh CG

更新日期：1980-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Aminoglycosides are important antibacterial agents for the treatment of serious infection. Evidence suggests that high peak plasma concentrations must be achieved early in the course of treatment if these agents are to be effective, but prolonged high concentrations may cause ototoxicity and nephrotoxicity. Peak plasm...

journal_title：Clinical pharmacokinetics

authors： Barclay ML,Begg EJ,Hickling KG

更新日期：1994-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Following administration of equivalent oral doses (30mg) of either prednisone or prednisolone to 5 patients with chronic active liver disease who had failed to respond to therapy, 5 patients with chronic active liver disease in remission induced by prednisone, and 7 healthy volunteers, corticosteroid concentrations we...

journal_title：Clinical pharmacokinetics

authors： Uribe M,Summerskill WH,Go VL

更新日期：1982-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The effects of anaesthesia and surgery on the pharmacokinetics of ketobemidone were studied in 12 patients. Plasma ketobemidone concentrations were assayed with a mass-fragmentographic method. The peroperative Vd(area) was 5.9 +/- 2.6L/kg and the terminal half-life was 3.9 +/- 1.7 h. In the postoperative period Vd(are...

journal_title：Clinical pharmacokinetics

authors： Tamsen A,Bondesson U,Dahlström B,Hartvig P

更新日期：1982-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:Two phase I drug interaction studies were performed with oral enzalutamide, which is approved for the treatment of metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). METHODS:A parallel-treatment design (n = 41) was used to evaluate the effects of a strong cytochrome P450 (CYP) 2C8 inhib...

journal_title：Clinical pharmacokinetics

authors： Gibbons JA,de Vries M,Krauwinkel W,Ohtsu Y,Noukens J,van der Walt JS,Mol R,Mordenti J,Ouatas T

更新日期：2015-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:It has been suggested that the minimum effective serum clozapine concentration for an acceptable clinical response (threshold value) is about 400 micrograms/L. This article argues against the use of therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) as a tool to obtain clozapine concentrations of > or = 400 micrograms/L in the individ...

journal_title：Clinical pharmacokinetics

authors： Olesen OV

更新日期：1998-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The critically ill patient occupies an increasing amount of time and bed space in modern hospital practice, and also commands increasing expenditure. Drug therapy in these patients has, in the past, been based on data derived from healthy volunteers, fit anaesthetised patients undergoing minor operative procedures, or...

journal_title：Clinical pharmacokinetics

authors： Bodenham A,Shelly MP,Park GR

更新日期：1988-06-01 00:00:00