Abstract:
:Tolcapone, a central and peripheral catechol O-methyltransferase (COMT) inhibitor, reduces the conversion of L-Dopa into 3-O-methyl-Dopa (3-OMD), thus leading to more stable and sustained L-Dopa plasma levels. This study was designed to evaluate the effects of acute and 6-week tolcapone administration on L-Dopa pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics in Parkinson's disease (PD) patients with predictable motor fluctuations. Tapping test, walking time, and tremor, as well as L-Dopa and 3-OMD plasma levels, were assessed before and for 5 hours after the administration of a single L-Dopa dose, alone or in combination with 200 mg tolcapone, in seven patients with PD. This clinical and pharmacokinetic study was repeated after 6 weeks of tolcapone therapy (200 mg three times daily). It was observed that tolcapone, after both acute and chronic administration, prolonged the motor improvement induced by L-Dopa. As a result, at week 6 of tolcapone therapy, the daily hours spent "off" were significantly decreased. Tolcapone significantly increased the area under the curve of L-Dopa plasma levels by slowing down the elimination of L-Dopa from plasma, whereas the maximal concentration of L-Dopa was not modified. 3-OMD levels decreased significantly after acute tolcapone administration, and after 6 weeks of tolcapone therapy, they were approximately one sixth of pre-tolcapone values. The data confirm that tolcapone decreases L-Dopa clearance and prolongs motor response in PD patients with motor fluctuations, and that this effect is maintained after 6 weeks of tolcapone therapy.
journal_name
Clin Neuropharmacoljournal_title
Clinical neuropharmacologyauthors
Napolitano A,Del Dotto P,Petrozzi L,Dell'Agnello G,Bellini G,Gambaccini G,Bonuccelli Udoi
10.1097/00002826-199901000-00005keywords:
subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1999-01-01 00:00:00pages
24-9issue
1eissn
0362-5664issn
1537-162Xjournal_volume
22pub_type
杂志文章abstract:OBJECTIVES:To assess quantitatively the influence of rotigotine transdermal patch on daytime sleepiness, the most common adverse event by non-ergot dopamine agonists (DAs), in Parkinson disease (PD) patients. METHODS:An open-label study enrolled PD patients with unsatisfactory control of motor symptoms. Treatment with...
journal_title:Clinical neuropharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/WNF.0000000000000110
更新日期:2015-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:There has been an increase in the European and North American schizophrenia literature discussing the high prevalence of metabolic syndrome induced by atypical antipsychotic agents. The aim of this article was to review available data on metabolic syndrome induced by atypical antipsychotic agents in patients ...
journal_title:Clinical neuropharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/WNF.0b013e31824d5288
更新日期:2012-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Clinical trials with cholinergic agents suggest that cholinergic hypertrophy may be beneficial in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Recent findings substantiate the view that nerve growth factor (NGF) selectively acts on cholinergic neurons. In adult rats and primates, intraventricular administration of nerve...
journal_title:Clinical neuropharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/00002826-199114001-00008
更新日期:1991-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Neuroleptic malignant syndrome was induced by aripiprazole in a 12 1/2-year-old boy. The patient had a history of reactive airway disease, pervasive developmental disorder, and learning disability. METHOD:The patient was interviewed and examined, and additional history was taken from the medical records. The...
journal_title:Clinical neuropharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/01.WNF.0000240941.13876.5E
更新日期:2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Topiramate (TPM) is a fructose derivative, which was originally developed as an antiepileptic. In this context, movement disorders (MDs) are possible adverse events secondary to TPM. CASE REPORTS:Two patients (cases 1 and 2) developed myoclonus, and the other 2 had restless leg syndrome (RLS, cases 3 and 4)...
journal_title:Clinical neuropharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/WNF.0000000000000395
更新日期:2020-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Over the last several years, the therapeutic approach to bacterial meningitis has been changing. The neurological complications of bacterial meningitis result from an inflammatory process that is initiated by the lysis of bacteria in the subarachnoid space by antibiotics; to alter the pathophysiologic events initiated...
journal_title:Clinical neuropharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/00002826-199310000-00001
更新日期:1993-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::We assessed in 15 consecutive patients the best route and time of administration for phenytoin (PHT) prophylaxis in neurosurgical procedures. We also correlated PHT levels in serum and cerebrospinal fluid after oral and parenteral loading doses. The mean PHT level was 13.9 micrograms/ml in serum and 2.03 micrograms/ml...
journal_title:Clinical neuropharmacology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00002826-199710000-00008
更新日期:1997-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::We studied a 67-year-old woman with a sporadic form of hyperekplexia, who experienced 8-10 excessive startle responses to unexpected stimuli per month. Therapy with fluoxetine had a definite beneficial effect. This finding supports the hypothesis that serotonergic mechanisms play a role in this disorder. ...
journal_title:Clinical neuropharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00002826-200005000-00006
更新日期:2000-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::We report the case of a 76-year-old, right-handed woman with progressive primary freezing of gait. Despite several therapeutic strategies, she continued to worsen to the point that she became confined to a wheelchair. Treatment with selegiline in doses up to 20 mg/d led to marked improvement of the gait disorder. This...
journal_title:Clinical neuropharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00002826-200601000-00007
更新日期:2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Modafinil is a psychostimulant compound that is just now becoming available in many countries for treatment of narcoleptic and hypersomnic patients. Whereas sleep attacks and drowsiness can be effectively improved, the drug does not sufficiently reduce cataplectic seizures. It therefore is often used in combination wi...
journal_title:Clinical neuropharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1998-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The extensive use of the Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS) has revealed low interrater reliability in some items and redundancy in others. In view of these shortcomings, we have structured a new scale that includes a zero-to three-point scale for each item in the evaluation of PD. The mental axis includ...
journal_title:Clinical neuropharmacology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1997-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Depression frequently coexists with dementia, although in many cases the depression is not recognized clinically. Depression represents a major additional burden in dementia, not only for the patients but also for families, caregivers, and, economically, society as a whole. However, depression in patients with dementi...
journal_title:Clinical neuropharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/00002826-199702000-00003
更新日期:1997-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:Ponezumab is a humanized antiamyloid beta (Aβ) monoclonal antibody designed to treat Alzheimer disease (AD). METHODS:This randomized, double-blind, single-dose-escalation study evaluated the safety, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacodynamics of 0.1, 0.3, 1, 3, and 10 mg/kg ponezumab (n = 4, 4, 4, 6, and 8, resp...
journal_title:Clinical neuropharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi:10.1097/WNF.0b013e31827db49b
更新日期:2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Botulinum toxin A (BTA) is considered an effective treatment of cervical dystonia. The aim of this prospective, randomized, double-blind study was to compare Botox and Prosigne, a BTA of Chinese origin, with a view to establish the safety, the efficacy, and the equivalence of doses of the 2 formulations in the treatme...
journal_title:Clinical neuropharmacology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1097/WNF.0b013e3181c46f48
更新日期:2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Safety and efficacy of botulinum neurotoxin type A preparation NT 201 (Xeomin, Merz Pharmaceuticals GmbH, Frankfurt am Main, Germany) were investigated over 52 weeks in a double-blind, randomized trial with 32 male volunteers. METHODS:Electroneurographic assessments with surface electrodes were performed aft...
journal_title:Clinical neuropharmacology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1097/01.WNF.0000240951.18821.50
更新日期:2007-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effects of the psychotropic drug etoperidone on the response to laboratory stressors was investigated in a controlled study. Cardiovascular and hormonal (catecholamines, corticotropin, and cortisol) measurements were made in a group of young, healthy volunteers during a cold pressor test (CPT), a mental arithmetic...
journal_title:Clinical neuropharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00002826-199304000-00005
更新日期:1993-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The freely diffusible gaseous compound nitric oxide (NO) has recently been discovered to be an important cellular messenger in many organ systems throughout the body. The importance of NO as an intermediary in cell communication in the brain is highlighted by the fact that the excitatory amino acid glutamate, the most...
journal_title:Clinical neuropharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1995-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Myoclonic status epilepticus (MSE) in patients without epilepsy, or de novo MSE, is a rare condition associated with several acute symptomatic etiologies, including drugs and toxins. We describe a 94-year-old woman with Alzheimer dementia and long use of mirtazapine 30 mg/d and alprazolam 1 mg/d who developed MSE appr...
journal_title:Clinical neuropharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/WNF.0000000000000283
更新日期:2018-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::To determine the nature of the hormone dependency of meningioma, particularly whether progestin receptor (PR) and tumor growth are estrogen-dependent, we measured the cytosol estrogen receptor (ER) and PR separately by an exchange assay with [3H]R 2858 (for ER) and [3H]RU 27987 (for PR) in 21 meningiomas. We correlate...
journal_title:Clinical neuropharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00002826-198412000-00018
更新日期:1984-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Catatonia is a severe condition in patients. Electroconvulsive treatment or medication with benzodiazepines and/or antipsychotics are regarded as standard treatment. CASE PRESENTATION:We report a case of a patient with catatonic features in whom electroconvulsive treatment and benzodiazepine and/or antipsyc...
journal_title:Clinical neuropharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/WNF.0000000000000390
更新日期:2020-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Interferons are a set of cytokines that activate antiviral responses by the body's immune cells and have been a mainstay of treatment of hepatitis C. Well-known neuropsychiatric effects of interferons include depression, irritability, and impaired concentration. A condition reported rarely in association with this tre...
journal_title:Clinical neuropharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/WNF.0000000000000120
更新日期:2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::A 34-year-old man presented with severe refractory depression. He had failed to respond to various antidepressants, augmentation therapy with lithium carbonate, and modified electroconvulsive therapy. Switching from amoxapine 150 mg/day to selegiline 7.5 mg/day, a selective monoamine oxidase type-B inhibitor, produced...
journal_title:Clinical neuropharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/01.wnf.0000171248.89726.2f
更新日期:2005-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Oxidant stress resulting from excess dopamine (DA) may contribute to the development and progression of Parkinson's disease (PD). Free radicals resulting from the enzymatic metabolism of DA are most often discussed in this regard. However, levodopa (L-DOPA) and DA can also undergo autooxidation, producing free radical...
journal_title:Clinical neuropharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00002826-199619040-00010
更新日期:1996-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Daily 20-mg doses of Copolymer 1 have been shown to significantly decrease the relapse rate in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). In the present open-label study, patients with relapsing MS were treated with the same dose of Copolymer 1 administered on alternate days. Sixty-eight patients were recruited: fifty-one...
journal_title:Clinical neuropharmacology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1097/00002826-200201000-00002
更新日期:2002-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::A 56 year-old woman who suffered from parkinsonism, oro-lingual dyskinesia (OLD) and tardive akathisia (TA) due to sulpiride is reported. OLD and TA appeared after sulpiride withdrawal. The patient was successfully treated with tetrabenazine even a mild parkinsonism was present. TA seems to be related with an apparent...
journal_title:Clinical neuropharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00002826-199410000-00013
更新日期:1994-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::We studied the effectiveness of OR-611 and OR-462, two novel inhibitors of the enzyme catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT), on 3-O-methyldopa (OMD) formation in cynomolgus monkeys following intravenous levodopa administration. OR-611 dose-dependently reduced the area under the OMD concentration-vs-time curve, reduced m...
journal_title:Clinical neuropharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00002826-199108000-00005
更新日期:1991-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cyclosporine A (CsA) neurotoxicity is an iatrogenic disease with significant morbidity and occasional mortality. We retrospectively reviewed the cases of CsA neurotoxicity among bone marrow transplant recipients at our institution, and summarized the current literature on the subject. The neurologic presentation is va...
journal_title:Clinical neuropharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/00002826-199903000-00001
更新日期:1999-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:Perampanel is a recently introduced antiepileptic drug (AED) with a unique action mechanism of noncompetitive and selective α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid antagonist. Because of delayed approval of perampanel in most Asian countries, there is limited information on the clinical usefulne...
journal_title:Clinical neuropharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/WNF.0000000000000255
更新日期:2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::trans-Dihydrolisuride, a partial dopamine receptor agonist, was tested for its effects on chorea in a double-blind, crossover clinical study in 10 patients with Huntington's disease. In eight patients, a neurophysiological evaluation was also performed. No reduction in choreic movements or improvement in voluntary mov...
journal_title:Clinical neuropharmacology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00002826-198910000-00008
更新日期:1989-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Levodopa is the most effective drug for symptomatic control of Parkinson syndrome (PS). We report a 22-year clinicopathological study of 59 PS cases. Of the entire group, 37 (63%) had an adequate trial on levodopa. Some improvement was noted on that drug in 24 (65%) cases. Improvement was seen in 94% of idiopathic Par...
journal_title:Clinical neuropharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00002826-199012000-00007
更新日期:1990-12-01 00:00:00