Translating pharmacogenomics: challenges on the road to the clinic.

abstract：BACKGROUND:Unrecognized myocardial infarction (UMI) is known to constitute a substantial portion of potentially lethal coronary heart disease. However, the diagnosis of UMI is based on the appearance of incidental Q-waves on 12-lead electrocardiography. Thus, the syndrome of non-Q-wave UMI has not been investigated. De...

journal_title：PLoS medicine

authors： Kim HW,Klem I,Shah DJ,Wu E,Meyers SN,Parker MA,Crowley AL,Bonow RO,Judd RM,Kim RJ

更新日期：2009-04-21 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Four studies previously indicated that the effect of malaria infection during pregnancy on the risk of low birthweight (LBW; <2,500 g) may depend upon maternal nutritional status. We investigated this dependence further using a large, diverse study population. METHODS AND FINDINGS:We evaluated the interacti...

journal_title：PLoS medicine

authors： Cates JE,Unger HW,Briand V,Fievet N,Valea I,Tinto H,D'Alessandro U,Landis SH,Adu-Afarwuah S,Dewey KG,Ter Kuile FO,Desai M,Dellicour S,Ouma P,Gutman J,Oneko M,Slutsker L,Terlouw DJ,Kariuki S,Ayisi J,Madanitsa M,M

更新日期：2017-08-08 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Artemisinin-based combination therapy (ACT) is recommended for uncomplicated Plasmodium vivax malaria in areas of emerging chloroquine resistance. We undertook a systematic review and individual patient data meta-analysis to compare the efficacies of dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine (DP) and artemether-lumefan...

journal_title：PLoS medicine

authors： Commons RJ,Simpson JA,Thriemer K,Abreha T,Adam I,Anstey NM,Assefa A,Awab GR,Baird JK,Barber BE,Chu CS,Dahal P,Daher A,Davis TME,Dondorp AM,Grigg MJ,Humphreys GS,Hwang J,Karunajeewa H,Laman M,Lidia K,Moore BR,M

更新日期：2019-10-04 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is the most common childhood cancer and the leading cause of cancer-related mortality in children. T cell ALL (T-ALL) represents about 15% of pediatric ALL cases and is considered a high-risk disease. T-ALL is often associated with resistance to treatment, includi...

journal_title：PLoS medicine

authors： Li Y,Buijs-Gladdines JG,Canté-Barrett K,Stubbs AP,Vroegindeweij EM,Smits WK,van Marion R,Dinjens WN,Horstmann M,Kuiper RP,Buijsman RC,Zaman GJ,van der Spek PJ,Pieters R,Meijerink JP

更新日期：2016-12-20 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:A nonsputum blood test capable of predicting progression of healthy individuals to active tuberculosis (TB) before clinical symptoms manifest would allow targeted treatment to curb transmission. We aimed to develop a proteomic biomarker of risk of TB progression for ultimate translation into a point-of-care ...

journal_title：PLoS medicine

authors： Penn-Nicholson A,Hraha T,Thompson EG,Sterling D,Mbandi SK,Wall KM,Fisher M,Suliman S,Shankar S,Hanekom WA,Janjic N,Hatherill M,Kaufmann SHE,Sutherland J,Walzl G,De Groote MA,Ochsner U,Zak DE,Scriba TJ,ACS and GC6–74

更新日期：2019-04-16 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Effective implementation strategies are needed to increase engagement in HIV services in hyperendemic settings. We conducted a pragmatic cluster-randomized trial in a high-risk, highly mobile fishing community (HIV prevalence: approximately 38%) in Rakai, Uganda, to assess the impact of a community health wo...

journal_title：PLoS medicine

authors： Chang LW,Mbabali I,Hutton H,Amico KR,Kong X,Mulamba J,Anok A,Ssekasanvu J,Long A,Thomas AG,Thomas K,Bugos E,Pollard R,van Wickle K,Kennedy CE,Nalugoda F,Serwadda D,Bollinger RC,Quinn TC,Reynolds SJ,Gray RH,Wawer

更新日期：2021-01-06 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a progressive and lethal disorder characterized by fibroproliferation and excessive accumulation of extracellular matrix in the lung. METHODS AND FINDINGS:Using oligonucleotide arrays, we identified osteopontin as one of the genes that significantly distinguishes IPF f...

journal_title：PLoS medicine

authors： Pardo A,Gibson K,Cisneros J,Richards TJ,Yang Y,Becerril C,Yousem S,Herrera I,Ruiz V,Selman M,Kaminski N

更新日期：2005-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:For more than a decade, most parts of Somalia have not been under the control of any type of government. This "failure of state" is complete in the central and southern regions and most apparent in Mogadishu, which had been for a long period in the hands of warlords deploying their private militias in a batt...

journal_title：PLoS medicine

authors： Odenwald M,Hinkel H,Schauer E,Neuner F,Schauer M,Elbert TR,Rockstroh B

更新日期：2007-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Only about half the studies that have collected information on the relevance of women's height and body mass index to their risk of developing ovarian cancer have published their results, and findings are inconsistent. Here, we bring together the worldwide evidence, published and unpublished, and describe th...

journal_title：PLoS medicine

authors： Collaborative Group on Epidemiological Studies of Ovarian Cancer.

更新日期：2012-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Obesity is associated with low-grade chronic inflammation, and serum markers of inflammation are independent risk factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, the molecular and cellular mechanisms that link obesity to chronic inflammation and CVD are poorly understood. METHODS AND FINDINGS:Acute-phase...

journal_title：PLoS medicine

authors： Yang RZ,Lee MJ,Hu H,Pollin TI,Ryan AS,Nicklas BJ,Snitker S,Horenstein RB,Hull K,Goldberg NH,Goldberg AP,Shuldiner AR,Fried SK,Gong DW

更新日期：2006-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:The US Food and Drug Administration Amendments Act requires results from clinical trials of Food and Drug Administration-approved drugs to be posted at ClinicalTrials.gov within 1 y after trial completion. We compared the timing and completeness of results of drug trials posted at ClinicalTrials.gov and publ...

journal_title：PLoS medicine

authors： Riveros C,Dechartres A,Perrodeau E,Haneef R,Boutron I,Ravaud P

更新日期：2013-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Leber congenital amaurosis (LCA), a heterogeneous early-onset retinal dystrophy, accounts for approximately 15% of inherited congenital blindness. One cause of LCA is loss of the enzyme lecithin:retinol acyl transferase (LRAT), which is required for regeneration of the visual photopigment in the retina. MET...

journal_title：PLoS medicine

authors： Batten ML,Imanishi Y,Tu DC,Doan T,Zhu L,Pang J,Glushakova L,Moise AR,Baehr W,Van Gelder RN,Hauswirth WW,Rieke F,Palczewski K

更新日期：2005-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:agricultural pesticide poisoning is a major public health problem in the developing world, killing at least 250,000-370,000 people each year. Targeted pesticide restrictions in Sri Lanka over the last 20 years have reduced pesticide deaths by 50% without decreasing agricultural output. However, regulatory de...

journal_title：PLoS medicine

authors： Dawson AH,Eddleston M,Senarathna L,Mohamed F,Gawarammana I,Bowe SJ,Manuweera G,Buckley NA

更新日期：2010-10-26 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Global warming is predicted to indirectly result in more undernutrition by threatening crop production. Whether temperature rise could affect undernutrition directly is unknown. We aim to quantify the relationship between short-term heat exposure and risk of hospitalization due to undernutrition in Brazil. ...

journal_title：PLoS medicine

authors： Xu R,Zhao Q,Coelho MSZS,Saldiva PHN,Abramson MJ,Li S,Guo Y

更新日期：2019-10-29 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Pedometers can increase walking and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) levels, but their effectiveness with or without support has not been rigorously evaluated. We assessed the effectiveness of a pedometer-based walking intervention in predominantly inactive adults, delivered by post or through p...

journal_title：PLoS medicine

authors： Harris T,Kerry SM,Limb ES,Victor CR,Iliffe S,Ussher M,Whincup PH,Ekelund U,Fox-Rushby J,Furness C,Anokye N,Ibison J,DeWilde S,David L,Howard E,Dale R,Smith J,Cook DG

更新日期：2017-01-03 00:00:00

abstract：:In this month's editorial, PLOS Medicine Editorial Board member Rachel Jewkes identifies challenges that the violence prevention research community faces in substantially reducing violence against women and girls over the next 30 years. Please see later in the article for the Editors' Summary. ...

journal_title：PLoS medicine

authors： Jewkes R

更新日期：2014-11-25 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:The anti-human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) monoclonal antibody trastuzumab improves outcomes in patients with node-positive HER2+ early breast cancer. Given trastuzumab's high cost, we aimed to estimate its cost-effectiveness by heterogeneity in age and estrogen receptor (ER) and progesterone r...

journal_title：PLoS medicine

authors： Leung W,Kvizhinadze G,Nair N,Blakely T

更新日期：2016-08-09 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Counties are the smallest unit for which mortality data are routinely available, allowing consistent and comparable long-term analysis of trends in health disparities. Average life expectancy has steadily increased in the United States but there is limited information on long-term mortality trends in the US ...

journal_title：PLoS medicine

authors： Ezzati M,Friedman AB,Kulkarni SC,Murray CJ

更新日期：2008-04-22 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND TO THE DEBATE:The tobacco control community is divided on whether or not to inform the public that using oral, smokeless tobacco (Swedish snus) is less hazardous to health than smoking tobacco. Proponents of "harm reduction" point to the Swedish experience. Snus seems to be widely used as an alternative to c...

journal_title：PLoS medicine

authors： Gartner CE,Hall WD,Chapman S,Freeman B

更新日期：2007-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a major health issue for HIV-positive individuals, associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Development and implementation of a risk score model for CKD would allow comparison of the risks and benefits of adding potentially nephrotoxic antiretrovirals to a treatment ...

journal_title：PLoS medicine

authors： Mocroft A,Lundgren JD,Ross M,Law M,Reiss P,Kirk O,Smith C,Wentworth D,Neuhaus J,Fux CA,Moranne O,Morlat P,Johnson MA,Ryom L,D:A:D study group.,Royal Free Hospital Clinic Cohort.,INSIGHT study group.,SMART study group.,

更新日期：2015-03-31 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Polygenic risk scores (PRSs) can stratify populations into cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk groups. We aimed to quantify the potential advantage of adding information on PRSs to conventional risk factors in the primary prevention of CVD. METHODS AND FINDINGS:Using data from UK Biobank on 306,654 individual...

journal_title：PLoS medicine

authors： Sun L,Pennells L,Kaptoge S,Nelson CP,Ritchie SC,Abraham G,Arnold M,Bell S,Bolton T,Burgess S,Dudbridge F,Guo Q,Sofianopoulou E,Stevens D,Thompson JR,Butterworth AS,Wood A,Danesh J,Samani NJ,Inouye M,Di Angelantoni

更新日期：2021-01-14 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Resistance of malaria parasites to chloroquine (CQ) and sulphadoxine-pyrimethamine (SP) is increasing in prevalence in Africa. Combination therapy can both improve treatment and provide important public health benefits if it curbs the spread of parasites harbouring resistance genes. Thus, drug combinations m...

journal_title：PLoS medicine

authors： Sutherland CJ,Ord R,Dunyo S,Jawara M,Drakeley CJ,Alexander N,Coleman R,Pinder M,Walraven G,Targett GA

更新日期：2005-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Opioid misuse and deaths are increasing in the United States. In 2017, Ohio had the second highest overdose rates in the US, with the city of Cincinnati experiencing a 50% rise in opioid overdoses since 2015. Understanding the temporal and geographic variation in overdose emergencies may help guide public po...

journal_title：PLoS medicine

authors： Li ZR,Xie E,Crawford FW,Warren JL,McConnell K,Copple JT,Johnson T,Gonsalves GS

更新日期：2019-11-12 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Various risk factors have been associated with epithelial ovarian cancer risk in observational epidemiological studies. However, the causal nature of the risk factors reported, and thus their suitability as effective intervention targets, is unclear given the susceptibility of conventional observational desi...

journal_title：PLoS medicine

authors： Yarmolinsky J,Relton CL,Lophatananon A,Muir K,Menon U,Gentry-Maharaj A,Walther A,Zheng J,Fasching P,Zheng W,Yin Ling W,Park SK,Kim BG,Choi JY,Park B,Davey Smith G,Martin RM,Lewis SJ

更新日期：2019-08-07 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Our objective was to examine whether gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) or newborns' high birthweight can be prevented by lifestyle counseling in pregnant women at high risk of GDM. METHOD AND FINDINGS:We conducted a cluster-randomized trial, the NELLI study, in 14 municipalities in Finland, where 2,271 wo...

journal_title：PLoS medicine

authors： Luoto R,Kinnunen TI,Aittasalo M,Kolu P,Raitanen J,Ojala K,Mansikkamäki K,Lamberg S,Vasankari T,Komulainen T,Tulokas S

更新日期：2011-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Hip and knee replacement are some of the most frequently performed surgical procedures in the world. Resurfacing of the hip and unicondylar knee replacement are increasingly being used. There is relatively little evidence on their performance. To study performance of joint replacement in England, we investig...

journal_title：PLoS medicine

authors： Sibanda N,Copley LP,Lewsey JD,Borroff M,Gregg P,MacGregor AJ,Pickford M,Porter M,Tucker K,van der Meulen JH,Steering Committee of the National Joint Registry (NJR) for England and Wales.

更新日期：2008-09-30 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:The radical cure of Plasmodium vivax and P. ovale requires treatment with primaquine or tafenoquine to clear dormant liver stages. Either drug can induce haemolysis in individuals with glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency, necessitating screening. The reference diagnostic method for G6PD activ...

journal_title：PLoS medicine

authors： Pfeffer DA,Ley B,Howes RE,Adu P,Alam MS,Bansil P,Boum Y 2nd,Brito M,Charoenkwan P,Clements A,Cui L,Deng Z,Egesie OJ,Espino FE,von Fricken ME,Hamid MMA,He Y,Henriques G,Khan WA,Khim N,Kim S,Lacerda M,Lon C,Me

更新日期：2020-05-14 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:CD4 cell count is a strong predictor of the subsequent risk of AIDS or death in HIV-infected patients initiating combination antiretroviral therapy (cART). It is not known whether the rate of CD4 cell decline prior to therapy is related to prognosis and should, therefore, influence the decision on when to in...

journal_title：PLoS medicine

authors： Wolbers M,Babiker A,Sabin C,Young J,Dorrucci M,Chêne G,Mussini C,Porter K,Bucher HC,CASCADE Collaboration Members.

更新日期：2010-02-23 00:00:00

abstract：:The PLoS Medicine Editors discuss the link between shift work, diet, and type 2 diabetes, and argue that unhealthy eating should be considered a new form of occupational hazard. ...

journal_title：PLoS medicine

authors： PLoS Medicine Editors.

更新日期：2011-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:To date, drug response genes have not proved as useful in clinical practice as was anticipated at the start of the genomic era. An exception is in the treatment of chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) genotype 1 infection with pegylated interferon-alpha and ribavirin (PegIFN/R). Viral clearance is achieved in 40%...

journal_title：PLoS medicine

authors： Suppiah V,Gaudieri S,Armstrong NJ,O'Connor KS,Berg T,Weltman M,Abate ML,Spengler U,Bassendine M,Dore GJ,Irving WL,Powell E,Hellard M,Riordan S,Matthews G,Sheridan D,Nattermann J,Smedile A,Müller T,Hammond E,Dunn D

更新日期：2011-09-01 00:00:00