[Very Low Birth Weight Infants in a Portuguese Intensive Care Unit and the Vermont Oxford Network: 15 Years of Registry Data].

Abstract:

INTRODUCTION:Our neonatal service is part of a differentiated perinatal hospital and has contributed to the Vermont Oxford Network for more than 15 years. This data base includes data on the morbidity and mortality of newborns born in the member hospitals with birth weight between 401 and 1500 g and/ or from 22 to 29 weeks and six days of gestation, or those admitted to these hospitals with up to 28 days of age. It thus allows the analysis of clinical practice and its comparison with similar units. The goal of the present paper is to disclose some of our data from the past 15 years and to compare it with the Vermont Oxford Network data trying to identify areas of possible improvement and permitting other neonatal units to compare their data with our in a benchmarking process. MATERIAL AND METHODS:Observational, retrospective study. It included newborns with birth weight ≤ 1500 g (very low birth weight newborns) born and treated at our hospital from 2001 to 2015. Descriptive data analysis, chi-square test and ANOVA, significance when p < 0.05. RESULTS:A total of 869 very low birth weight newborns were studied, median weight 1100 g and gestational age 29 weeks. Twinning was found in 37.6%. In the delivery room, 23% did not require any resuscitation, 52.2% of the newborns required invasive intubation, 78.3% had surfactant, and, since 2011, 29.7% have started noninvasive ventilation. Of the total very low birth weight newborns, 12.9% had oxygen therapy at 36 weeks of corrected age, 23% patent ductus arteriosus and late sepsis in 17.1%. There was higher neurological morbidity compared to the Vermont Oxford Network except in the case of retinopathy of prematurity. Overall mortality was 14% (122 newborns). The time of hospitalization was on average 52.7 ± 34.4 days. The 629 newborns that were discharged home had equivalent length of stay and head circumference measure but a lower weight than those in the Vermont Oxford Network, and 14.3% went home with exclusive breastfeeding. DISCUSSION:This work allowed us to study our very low birth weight newborns data and compare it with one of the largest neonatal world networks. Our population is similar from the point of view of gestational age, somatometric data, pregnancy surveillance rates and cesarean section with the most noticeable difference being the percentage of low birthweight for gestational age babies, twin pregnancies and antenatal corticosteroid treatment, superior in our center. Cardio-pulmonary and gastrointestinal disorders were overlapping. It is urgent to improve our rate of sepsis, neurologic sequelae, post-partum hypothermia control and neuroprotection with magnesium sulphate. The mortality rate and the length of stay at discharge was similar. CONCLUSION:This study allowed us to compare our population of very low birth weight newborns with those registered in the network. We have verified that we have been accompanying the evolution of Neonatology over the past years and we have identified areas for improvement. :Introdução: O nosso serviço de Neonatologia está integrado num hospital perinatal diferenciado e pertence à rede de registo Vermont Oxford Network desde há mais de 15 anos. Este registo inclui dados da morbi-mortalidade de recém-nascidos com peso de nascimento entre 401 e 1500 g e/ou das 22 às 29 semanas e seis dias de gestação, nascidos nos hospitais membros ou admitidos até aos 28 dias de vida. Permite a análise da prática clínica e comparação com unidades semelhantes. Foi nosso objetivo divulgar alguns dos nossos dados dos últimos 15 anos fazer a sua reflexão, o estudo dos resultados e evolução das práticas assistenciais neonatais ao longo dos anos, e compará-los com os dados de um grupo com o mesmo nível de cuidados da rede Vermont Oxford Network. Dado considerarmos ser fundamental o estudo dos dados de morbimortalidade das unidades de neonatologia e sua comparação com unidades congéneres no sentido de identificação de áreas suscetíveis de intervenção, consideramos a pertinência da divulgação dos nossos dados.Material e Métodos: Estudo observacional, retrospetivo. Incluídos recém-nascidos com peso de nascimento ≤ 1500 g (recém-nascido de muito baixo peso) nascidos e tratados no nosso Hospital de 2001 a 2015 e comparados em dois subgrupos temporais com os dados da rede Vermont Oxford Network. Análise dos dados descritiva, teste de qui-quadrado e ANOVA, significância quando p < 0,05.Resultados: Estudaram-se 869 recém-nascidos de muito baixo peso com uma mediana de peso 1100 g e idade gestacional 29 semanas. Eram gémeos 37,6%. Na sala de partos 23% não necessitaram de qualquer reanimação, precisaram de entubação endotraqueal 52,2% dos recém-nascidos, em 78,3% foi administrado surfactante e desde que tal começou a ser registado em 2011, 29,7% iniciaram de imediato ventilação não invasiva. Em relação às principais morbilidades estudadas do ponto de vista respiratório do total de recém-nascidos de muito baixo peso 12,9% tinham oxigenoterapia às 36 semanas de idade corrigida, em relação à persistência do canal arterial hemodinamicamente significativo esta verificou-se em 23% e do ponto de vista infecioso verificou-se sépsis tardia em 17,1%. Registámos maior morbilidade neurológica comparativamente à Vermont Oxford Network exceto na retinopatia da prematuridade. A mortalidade global foi de 14% (122 recém-nascidos). O tempo de internamento foi em média de 52,7 ± 34,4 dias. Os 629 recém-‑nascidos que tiveram alta para o domicílio estiveram internados sensivelmente os mesmos dias e apresentavam valores semelhantes de perímetro cefálico, mas menor peso no dia da alta que os da rede Vermont Oxford Network, tendo tido alta da nossa unidade com aleitamento materno exclusivo 14,3% dos recém-nascidos de muito baixo peso.Discussão: Este trabalho permitiu fazer a reflexão sobre os dados do nosso serviço de Neonatologia e compará-los com os de um dos maiores registos neonatais mundiais. Verificámos que a nossa população de recém-nascidos de muito baixo peso é muito sobreponível do ponto de vista da idade gestacional e somatométrico, taxas de vigilância da gravidez e de cesarianas, sendo a diferença mais notória a percentagem de leves para a idade gestacional, de gestações gemelares e de realização de indução maturativa que foram superiores no nosso centro. As patologias do foro cardiorrespiratório e gastrointestinais foram sobreponíveis. Verificámos que é urgente melhorar a taxa de infeção associada aos cuidados de saúde, das sequelas neurológicas, do controle da hipotermia após o nascimento e da neuroprotecção com sulfato de magnésio. A taxa de mortalidade foi sobreponível assim como o tempo de internamento.Conclusão: Este trabalho permitiu-nos comparar a nossa população de recém-nascidos de muito baixo peso com os registados na rede. Verificámos que acompanhámos a evolução que a Neonatologia foi tendo ao longo dos anos e identificámos áreas suscetíveis de melhoria.

journal_name

Acta Med Port

journal_title

Acta medica portuguesa

authors

Saldanha J,Moniz C,Machado MC

doi

10.20344/amp.9130

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2019-11-04 00:00:00

pages

686-692

issue

11

eissn

0870-399X

issn

1646-0758

journal_volume

32

pub_type

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