Abstract:
BACKGROUND:Otitis media with effusion (OME) is common and may cause hearing loss with associated developmental delay. Treatment remains controversial. OBJECTIVES:To examine evidence for or against treating children with hearing loss associated with OME with systemic or topical intranasal steroids. SEARCH STRATEGY:We searched the Cochrane Ear, Nose and Throat Disorders Group Specialised Register, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) in The Cochrane Library Issue 4 2005, MEDLINE (1966 to 2006), EMBASE (1974 to 2006), and the CINAHL, LILACS, Zetoc, IndMED, SAMED, KoreaMed, MEDCARIB and Cambridge Scientific Abstracts databases in January 2006. SELECTION CRITERIA:Randomised controlled trials of oral and topical intranasal steroids, either alone or in combination with another agent such as an antibiotic, were included. EXCLUSIONS:publications in abstract form only; uncontrolled, non-randomised or retrospective studies; studies reporting outcomes with ears (rather than children). DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS:Data were extracted from the published reports by the authors independently using standardised data extraction forms and methods. The methodological quality of the included studies was independently assessed by the authors as described in the Cochrane Handbook. Dichotomous results were expressed as an odds ratio using a fixed-effect model together with the 95% confidence intervals. Continuous data were analysed using the weighted mean difference in a fixed-effect model. Tests for heterogeneity between studies were performed using a Mantel-Haenszel approach. In trials with a cross-over design, post cross-over treatment data were not used. MAIN RESULTS:No study prospectively documented hearing loss associated with OME prior to randomisation. Follow up was mainly short term. The odds ratio for OME persisting after short-term follow up in children treated with oral steroids compared to control was 0.22 (95% CI 0.08 to 0.63). The odds ratio for OME persisting after short-term follow up for children treated with oral steroids plus antibiotic compared to control plus antibiotic was 0.37 (95% CI 0.25 to 0.56). However, there was significant heterogeneity between studies included in the latter comparison (P < 0.01). Trends favoured steroids for most other comparisons, but confidence intervals included unity. There was no evidence of benefit for steroid treatment for OME or hearing loss associated with OME in the longer term. AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS:Both oral and topical intranasal steroids alone or in combination with an antibiotic lead to a quicker resolution of OME in the short term, however, there is no evidence of longer term benefit.
journal_name
Cochrane Database Syst Revjournal_title
The Cochrane database of systematic reviewsauthors
Thomas CL,Simpson S,Butler CC,van der Voort JHdoi
10.1002/14651858.CD001935.pub2subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2006-07-19 00:00:00pages
CD001935issue
3issn
1469-493Xpub_type
杂志文章,meta分析,评审abstract:BACKGROUND:Rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) is a separation of neurosensory retina from the underlying retinal pigment epithelium. It is caused by retinal tears, which let fluid pass from the vitreous cavity to the subretinal space. Pars plana vitrectomy (PPV), scleral buckling surgery and pneumatic retinopexy a...
journal_title:The Cochrane database of systematic reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析
doi:10.1002/14651858.CD009562.pub2
更新日期:2019-03-08 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:This review is an update of the first Cochrane publication on selenium for preventing cancer (Dennert 2011).Selenium is a metalloid with both nutritional and toxicological properties. Higher selenium exposure and selenium supplements have been suggested to protect against several types of cancers. OBJECTIVE...
journal_title:The Cochrane database of systematic reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi:10.1002/14651858.CD005195.pub3
更新日期:2014-03-30 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Telephone services can provide information and support for smokers. Counselling may be provided proactively or offered reactively to callers to smoking cessation helplines. OBJECTIVES:To evaluate the effect of proactive and reactive telephone support to help smokers quit. SEARCH STRATEGY:We searched the Co...
journal_title:The Cochrane database of systematic reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1002/14651858.CD002850
更新日期:2001-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Threatened miscarriage occurs in 10% to 15% of all pregnancies. Vaginal spotting or bleeding during early gestation is common, with nearly half of those pregnancies resulting in pregnancy loss. To date, there is no effective preventive treatment for threatened miscarriage. Chinese herbal medicines have been ...
journal_title:The Cochrane database of systematic reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi:10.1002/14651858.CD008510.pub2
更新日期:2012-05-16 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Carnitine, a quaternary amino acid, plays an important role in the oxidation of long chain fatty acids. Both breast milk and infant formulas contain carnitine. However, it is not routinely provided in parenteral nutrition solutions. Non supplemented parenterally fed infants have very low tissue carnitine lev...
journal_title:The Cochrane database of systematic reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1002/14651858.CD000950
更新日期:2000-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Several studies have suggested that prophylactic antibiotics given during pregnancy improved maternal and perinatal outcomes, while others have shown no benefit and some have reported adverse effects. OBJECTIVES:To determine the effect of prophylactic antibiotics on maternal and perinatal outcomes during th...
journal_title:The Cochrane database of systematic reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi:10.1002/14651858.CD002250.pub2
更新日期:2015-01-26 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Alzheimer's disease is the most common cause of dementia in older people. One of the aims of therapy is to inhibit the breakdown of a chemical neurotransmitter, acetylcholine, by blocking the relevant enzyme. This can be done by a group of chemicals known as cholinesterase inhibitors. OBJECTIVES:The objecti...
journal_title:The Cochrane database of systematic reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi:10.1002/14651858.CD001190.pub2
更新日期:2006-01-25 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:In women with preterm labor, tocolysis has not been shown to improve perinatal mortality; however, it is often given for 48 hours to allow for the corticosteroid effect for fetal maturation. In women with preterm premature rupture of membranes (PPROM), the use of tocolysis is still controversial. In theory, ...
journal_title:The Cochrane database of systematic reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi:10.1002/14651858.CD007062.pub2
更新日期:2011-10-05 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:High altitude illness (HAI) is a term used to describe a group of cerebral and pulmonary syndromes that can occur during travel to elevations above 2500 metres (8202 feet). Acute hypoxia, acute mountain sickness (AMS), high altitude cerebral oedema (HACE) and high altitude pulmonary oedema (HAPE) are reporte...
journal_title:The Cochrane database of systematic reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi:10.1002/14651858.CD009761.pub2
更新日期:2017-06-27 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Systemic corticosteroid therapy is central to the management of acute asthma The use of inhaled corticosteroids may also be beneficial in this setting. OBJECTIVES:To determine the benefit of inhaled corticosteroids for the treatment of patients with acute asthma managed in the emergency department (ED). SE...
journal_title:The Cochrane database of systematic reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi:10.1002/14651858.CD002308
更新日期:2003-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Drooling is a common problem for children with cerebral palsy (CP). This can be distressing for these children as well as for their parents and caregivers. The consequences of drooling include risk of social rejection, damp and soiled clothing, unpleasant odour, irritated chapped skin, mouth infections, dehy...
journal_title:The Cochrane database of systematic reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1002/14651858.CD008624.pub2
更新日期:2012-02-15 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Myopia (near-sightedness or short-sightedness) is one of the three commonly detected refractive (focusing) errors. Acupuncture is the stimulation of acupuncture points by various methods including needle insertion and acupressure. It is often used by traditional Chinese medicine practitioners to treat myopia...
journal_title:The Cochrane database of systematic reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1002/14651858.CD007842.pub2
更新日期:2011-09-07 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Several agents are used to clear secretions from the airways of people with cystic fibrosis. Mannitol increases mucociliary clearance, but its exact mechanism of action is unknown. The dry powder formulation of mannitol may be more convenient and easier to use compared with established agents which require d...
journal_title:The Cochrane database of systematic reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi:10.1002/14651858.CD008649.pub3
更新日期:2018-02-09 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Delirium occurs in 30% of hospitalised patients and is associated with prolonged hospital stay and increased morbidity and mortality. The results of uncontrolled studies have been unclear, with some suggesting that benzodiazepines may be useful in controlling non-alcohol related delirium. OBJECTIVES:To dete...
journal_title:The Cochrane database of systematic reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1002/14651858.CD006379.pub2
更新日期:2009-01-21 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Advances in minimally invasive surgery for live kidney donors have led to the development of laparoendoscopic single site donor nephrectomy (LESS-DN). At present, laparoscopic donor nephrectomy is the technique of choice for donor nephrectomy globally. Compared with open surgical approaches, laparoscopic don...
journal_title:The Cochrane database of systematic reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi:10.1002/14651858.CD010850.pub2
更新日期:2016-05-27 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Serum monoclonal anti-Myelin Associated Glycoprotein antibodies may be pathogenic in some patients with IgM paraprotein and demyelinating neuropathy. Immunotherapies aimed at reducing the level of these antibodies might be expected to be of benefit in the treatment of the neuropathy. Many potential therapies...
journal_title:The Cochrane database of systematic reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1002/14651858.CD002827
更新日期:2003-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Sickle cell disease encompasses a group of genetic disorders characterized by the presence of at least one hemoglobin S (Hb S) allele, and a second abnormal allele that could allow abnormal hemoglobin polymerisation leading to a symptomatic disorder.Autosomal recessive disorders (such as sickle cell disease)...
journal_title:The Cochrane database of systematic reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1002/14651858.CD007652.pub2
更新日期:2010-08-04 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Bed rest used to be widely advised for women with a multiple pregnancy. OBJECTIVES:The objective was to assess the effect of bed rest in hospital for women with a multiple pregnancy for prevention of preterm birth and other fetal, neonatal and maternal outcomes. SEARCH STRATEGY:We searched the Cochrane Pre...
journal_title:The Cochrane database of systematic reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi:10.1002/14651858.CD000110.pub2
更新日期:2010-07-07 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:As a result of HIV-related mortalities more than 13 million children under the age of 15 have lost a parent due to HIV and AIDS. There are also many children who have HIV-positive parents or primary caregivers; these children are affected by HIV and AIDS and are potentially vulnerable to HIV transmission. Ch...
journal_title:The Cochrane database of systematic reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1002/14651858.CD006733.pub2
更新日期:2009-04-15 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Dysvascularity accounts for 75% of all lower limb amputations in the UK. Around 37% of these procedures are done at the transfemoral level (mid-thigh), with most patients over the age of 60 and having existing comorbidities. A significant number of these amputees are prescribed a lower limb prosthesis for wa...
journal_title:The Cochrane database of systematic reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/14651858.CD005260.pub4
更新日期:2018-10-23 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Surgical wounds (incisions) heal by primary intention when the wound edges are brought together and secured - often with sutures, staples, clips or glue. Wound dressings, usually applied after wound closure, provide physical support, protection from bacterial contamination and absorb exudate. Surgical site i...
journal_title:The Cochrane database of systematic reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi:10.1002/14651858.CD003091.pub2
更新日期:2011-07-06 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Fluphenazine is one of the first drugs to be classed as an 'antipsychotic' and has been widely available for five decades. OBJECTIVES:To compare the effects of oral fluphenazine with placebo for the treatment of schizophrenia. To evaluate any available economic studies and value outcome data. SEARCH METHOD...
journal_title:The Cochrane database of systematic reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi:10.1002/14651858.CD006352.pub3
更新日期:2018-06-12 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Acetylcholinesterase inhibitors, such as neostigmine, have traditionally been used for reversal of non-depolarizing neuromuscular blocking agents. However, these drugs have significant limitations, such as indirect mechanisms of reversal, limited and unpredictable efficacy, and undesirable autonomic response...
journal_title:The Cochrane database of systematic reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi:10.1002/14651858.CD012763
更新日期:2017-08-14 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Self-poisoning with paracetamol (acetaminophen) is a common cause of hepatotoxicity in the Western World. Interventions for paracetamol poisoning encompass inhibition of absorption, removal from the vascular system, antidotes, and liver transplantation. OBJECTIVES:The objective was to assess the beneficial ...
journal_title:The Cochrane database of systematic reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1002/14651858.CD003328
更新日期:2002-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Delivery of pain-free dentistry is crucial for reducing fear and anxiety, completion of treatment, and increasing acceptance of future dental treatment in children. Local anaesthetic (LA) facilitates this pain-free approach but it remains challenging. A number of interventions to help children cope with deli...
journal_title:The Cochrane database of systematic reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析
doi:10.1002/14651858.CD011024.pub2
更新日期:2020-02-27 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:This review is an update of a previously published review in Issue 2, 2012 (Derry 2012a). Migraine is a common, disabling condition and a burden for the individual, health services and society. Many sufferers choose not to, or are unable to, seek professional help and rely on over-the-counter (OTC) analgesic...
journal_title:The Cochrane database of systematic reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi:10.1002/14651858.CD008783.pub3
更新日期:2013-04-30 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Governments use different approaches to ensure that private for-profit healthcare services meet certain quality standards. Such government guidance, referred to as public stewardship, encompasses government policies, regulatory mechanisms, and implementation strategies for ensuring accountability in the deli...
journal_title:The Cochrane database of systematic reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1002/14651858.CD009855.pub2
更新日期:2016-08-11 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Cervical spondylosis causes pain and disability by compressing the spinal cord or roots. Surgery to relieve the compression may reduce the pain and disability, but is associated with a small but definite risk. . OBJECTIVES:To determine whether: 1) surgical treatment of cervical radiculopathy or myelopathy i...
journal_title:The Cochrane database of systematic reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi:10.1002/14651858.CD001466.pub3
更新日期:2010-01-20 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Ulnar neuropathy at the elbow is the second most common entrapment neuropathy after carpal tunnel syndrome. Treatment may be conservative or surgical but optimal management remains controversial. This is an update of a review first published in 2010. OBJECTIVES:To determine the effectiveness and safety of c...
journal_title:The Cochrane database of systematic reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi:10.1002/14651858.CD006839.pub3
更新日期:2012-07-11 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Scabies is a common public health problem with an estimated global prevalence of 300 million. Infestation can cause considerable discomfort and intense itching. Severe adverse effects have been reported for some drugs used to treat scabies. OBJECTIVES:The objective of this review is to assess the effects an...
journal_title:The Cochrane database of systematic reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1002/14651858.CD000320
更新日期:2000-01-01 00:00:00