Abstract:
:Vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) is a key tool in the treatment of patients with medically refractory epilepsy. Although the mechanism of action of VNS remains poorly understood, this modality is now the most widely used nonpharmacological treatment for drug-resistant epilepsy. The goal of this work is to review the history of VNS and provide information on recent advances and applications of this technology.
journal_name
Neurosurg Focusjournal_title
Neurosurgical focusauthors
Lulic D,Ahmadian A,Baaj AA,Benbadis SR,Vale FLdoi
10.3171/2009.6.FOCUS09126subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2009-09-01 00:00:00pages
E5issue
3issn
1092-0684journal_volume
27pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Cauda equina syndrome is a well-documented complication of uneventful lumbar microdiscectomy. In the vast majority of cases, no radiological explanation can be obtained. In this paper, the authors report two cases of postoperative cauda equina syndrome in patients undergoing single-level de novo lumbar microdiscectomy...
journal_title:Neurosurgical focus
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3171/foc.2005.19.2.12
更新日期:2005-08-15 00:00:00
abstract::OBJECTIVE Minimally invasive posterior cervical decompression (miPCD) has been described in several case series with promising preliminary results. The object of the current study was to compare the clinical outcomes between patients undergoing miPCD with anterior cervical discectomy and instrumented fusion (ACDFi). M...
journal_title:Neurosurgical focus
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3171/2016.3.FOCUS1650
更新日期:2016-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECT:Convection-enhanced delivery (CED) is an increasingly used novel local/regional delivery method targeted directly to tissue. It relies on a continuous pressure gradient for distribution of therapeutic agents into the interstitial space, with administration of the infusate over a few days. Cintredekin besudotox (...
journal_title:Neurosurgical focus
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2006-04-15 00:00:00
abstract::For many years, the experience of neurosurgeons from the German Armed Forces was limited to the peacetime care of patients in Germany. In 1995, German military neurosurgeons were deployed abroad for the first time. Since the beginning of the International Security Assistance Force mission, there has been a rapidly inc...
journal_title:Neurosurgical focus
pub_type: 历史文章,杂志文章
doi:10.3171/2010.2.FOCUS1010
更新日期:2010-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The authors present three cases of iatrogenic paracervical abscesses caused by infiltration therapy of pain medications used in conservative treatment in patients with chronic cervicobrachialgia. All three patients had received this therapy several times before presenting with clinical signs of a local infection. The ...
journal_title:Neurosurgical focus
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3171/foc.2004.17.6.13
更新日期:2004-12-15 00:00:00
abstract::With the aid of a computer model, this investigation describes the relationship between mean arterial pressure (MAP) reduction and its effect on total arteriovenous malformation (AVM) shunt flow, feeding artery velocities, and cerebral blood flow in hypotensive, structurally normal vascular beds adjacent to the AVM ni...
journal_title:Neurosurgical focus
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3171/foc.1997.2.6.6
更新日期:1997-06-15 00:00:00
abstract::Hypothalamic hamartomas are uncommon but well-recognized developmental malformations that are classically associated with gelastic seizures and other refractory seizure types. The clinical course is often progressive and, in addition to the catastrophic epileptic syndrome, patients commonly exhibit debilitating cognit...
journal_title:Neurosurgical focus
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3171/2013.3.FOCUS1355
更新日期:2013-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Tentorial dural arteriovenous fistulae (TDAVFs) are complex lesions with the arteriovenous fistula located between the leaves of the tentorium cerebelli. While a large portion of dural arteriovenous fistulae are treated endovascularly, TDAVF may require additional microsurgical treatment given their high risk of hemor...
journal_title:Neurosurgical focus
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3171/2016.1.FocusVid.15420
更新日期:2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECT:The percentage of patients responding to conservative treatment for cervical radiculopathy secondary to nerve root compression is not well quantified. To clarify this question, the authors retrospectively reviewed the records obtained over a 4-year period in patients with cervical radiculopathy to determine thei...
journal_title:Neurosurgical focus
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3171/foc.2002.12.2.4
更新日期:2002-02-15 00:00:00
abstract::Sacral chordomas are relatively rare, locally invasive, malignant neoplasms. Although metastasis is infrequent at presentation, the prognosis for patients with chordoma of the sacrum is reported to be poor and attributable in most cases to intralesional resection. The value of adjuvant treatment is uncertain, and rese...
journal_title:Neurosurgical focus
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3171/foc.2003.15.2.9
更新日期:2003-08-15 00:00:00
abstract::OBJECTIVE Isolated acute subdural hematoma (aSDH) is increasing in older populations and so is the use of oral anticoagulant therapy (OAT). The dramatic increase of OAT-with direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) as well as with conventional anticoagulants-is leading to changes in the care of patients who present with aSD...
journal_title:Neurosurgical focus
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3171/2017.8.FOCUS17421
更新日期:2017-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::For a physician has the worth of many other warriors, both for the excision of arrows and for the administration of soothing drugs. Homer, Iliad XI.514-515 Ever since armed conflict has been used as a means to settle disputes among men, there have been those who have been tasked to mend the wounds that ravage a soldie...
journal_title:Neurosurgical focus
pub_type: 历史文章
doi:10.3171/2010.3.FOCUSMar2010Intro
更新日期:2010-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECT:Resorbable polymer implants have become a compelling option in the treatment of acquired and congenital craniofacial deformities. In particular, the resorbable polylactide and polyglycolide polymers have demonstrated excellent safety profiles in multiple in vitro, animal, and clinical studies and are currently b...
journal_title:Neurosurgical focus
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.3171/foc.2004.16.3.13
更新日期:2004-03-15 00:00:00
abstract::The best management strategy for symptomatic vertebrobasilar ischemia is currently not well-defined. Noninvasive Optimal Vessel Analysis (NOVA, VasSol, Inc.) is computer software that, using quantitative magnetic resonance (MR) angiography technology, represents the only commercially available means of noninvasively m...
journal_title:Neurosurgical focus
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3171/FOC/2008/24/2/E14
更新日期:2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Trepanation is the process by which a hole is drilled into the skull, exposing the intracranial contents for either medical or mystical purposes. It represents one of the oldest surgical procedures, and its practice was widespread in many ancient cultures and several parts of the world. Trepanation was used in ancient...
journal_title:Neurosurgical focus
pub_type: 历史文章,杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3171/foc.2007.23.1.11
更新日期:2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Neuroimaging has expanded beyond its traditional diagnostic role and become a critical tool in the evaluation and management of stroke. The objectives of imaging include prompt accurate diagnosis, treatment triage, prognosis prediction, and secondary preventative precautions. While capitalizing on the latest treatment...
journal_title:Neurosurgical focus
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3171/2013.10.FOCUS13396
更新日期:2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cerebral edema is frequently encountered in clinical practice in critically ill patients with acute brain injury from diverse origins and is a major cause of increased morbidity and death in this subset of patients. The consequences of cerebral edema can be lethal and include cerebral ischemia from compromised regiona...
journal_title:Neurosurgical focus
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3171/foc.2007.22.5.13
更新日期:2007-05-15 00:00:00
abstract::The use of the gallbladder as an alternative cerebrospinal fluid diversion site has been previously described in cases in which all other body cavities, such as the peritoneal cavity, right atrium, or pleural cavity, have been exhausted. Various ventriculogallbladder (VG) shunt complications have been described as wel...
journal_title:Neurosurgical focus
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3171/foc.2007.22.4.14
更新日期:2007-04-15 00:00:00
abstract::Intravenous and intraarterial recombinant tissue plasminogen activator remains underutilized in the treatment of acute ischemic stroke, largely due to strict adherence to the concept of the therapeutic time window for administration. Recent efforts to expand the number of patients eligible for thrombolysis have been m...
journal_title:Neurosurgical focus
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3171/2011.4.FOCUS10296
更新日期:2011-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Trigeminal neuropathic pain is a syndrome of severe, constant facial pain related to disease of or injury to the trigeminal nerve or ganglion. Causes of this type of pain can include injury from sinus or dental surgery, skull and/or facial trauma, or intentional destruction for therapeutic reasons (deafferentation) as...
journal_title:Neurosurgical focus
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3171/foc.2006.21.6.9
更新日期:2006-12-15 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECT:The object of this study was to evaluate facial nerve outcomes in the surgical treatment of large vestibular schwannomas (VSs; ≥ 2.5 cm maximal or extrameatal cerebellopontine angle diameter) based on both the operative approach and extent of tumor resection. METHODS:A PubMed search was conducted of English lan...
journal_title:Neurosurgical focus
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3171/2012.7.FOCUS12199
更新日期:2012-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Nonfunctioning pituitary adenomas present without biochemical or clinical signs of hormone excess and are the second most common type of pituitary adenomas. The 2017 WHO classification scheme of pituitary adenomas differentiates null-cell adenomas (NCAs) and silent gonadotroph adenomas (SGAs). The present stu...
journal_title:Neurosurgical focus
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3171/2020.3.FOCUS20114
更新日期:2020-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Deep brain stimulation (DBS) has been used to treat various neurological and psychiatric disorders. Over the years, the most suitable surgical candidates and targets for some of these conditions have been characterized and the benefits of DBS well demonstrated in double-blinded randomized trials. This review will disc...
journal_title:Neurosurgical focus
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3171/2009.4.FOCUS0982
更新日期:2009-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::In the treatment of acoustic neuroma, operative results have improved greatly during recent years, with high rates of functional cranial nerve preservation. Because of this, it has become more important to consider issues of patient satisfaction and quality of life (QOL) following treatment for these lesions. The auth...
journal_title:Neurosurgical focus
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1998-09-15 00:00:00
abstract::Throughout his illustrious career, Percival Bailey made numerous contributions to the fields of neurology, neuroanatomy, psychiatry, neuropathology, and, of course, neurosurgery. His expertise, his curiosity about the nervous system, and his desire to examine it from all angles were unique. With the exception of Harve...
journal_title:Neurosurgical focus
pub_type: 传,历史文章,杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3171/foc.2005.18.4.8
更新日期:2005-04-15 00:00:00
abstract::The ability of diffusion tensor MRI to detect the preferential diffusion of water in cerebral white matter tracts enables neurosurgeons to noninvasively visualize the relationship of lesions to functional neural pathways. Although viewed as a research tool in its infancy, diffusion tractography has evolved into a neur...
journal_title:Neurosurgical focus
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3171/2019.11.FOCUS19785
更新日期:2020-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Herpes simplex encephalitis is a common viral encephalitis associated with significant morbidity and mortality if not diagnosed and treated early. Neurosurgery may be an impetus for viral reactivation, either from direct nerve manipulation or high-dose steroids often administered during cases. The authors present the ...
journal_title:Neurosurgical focus
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3171/2019.5.FOCUS19281
更新日期:2019-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) provide a way for the brain to interface directly with a computer. Many different brain signals can be used to control a device, varying in ease of recording, reliability, stability, temporal and spatial resolution, and noise. Electrocorticography (ECoG) electrodes provide a highly rel...
journal_title:Neurosurgical focus
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3171/2020.4.FOCUS20185
更新日期:2020-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::OBJECTIVE Reservoirs integrated into hydrocephalus shunts are commonly used for the removal of CSF and for intra-ventricular pressure measurement. Pumping with the reservoir to diagnose shunt sufficiency is still a matter of controversy. The authors describe an improved flushing device and its characteristic features ...
journal_title:Neurosurgical focus
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3171/2016.6.FOCUS15540
更新日期:2016-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Since the development of the WHO Safe Surgery Saves Lives initiative and Surgical Safety Checklist, numerous hospitals across the globe have adopted the use of a surgical checklist. The UCLA Health System developed its first extended Surgical Safety Checklist in 2008. Authors of the present paper describe how the time...
journal_title:Neurosurgical focus
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3171/2012.8.FOCUS12255
更新日期:2012-11-01 00:00:00