Abstract:
:High-frequency spinal cord stimulation (HF-SCS) has been established as an effective therapy for neuropathic pain. However, the analgesic mechanisms involved in HF-SCS remain to be clarified. In our study, adult rat neuropathic pain was induced by spinal nerve ligation. Two days after modeling, the rats were subjected to 4 hours of HF-SCS (motor threshold 50%, frequency 10,000 Hz, and pulse width 0.024 ms) in the dorsal horn of the spinal cord. The results revealed that the tactile allodynia of spinal nerve-injured rats was markedly alleviated by HF-SCS, and the effects were sustained for 3 hours after the stimulation had ceased. HF-SCS restored lysosomal function, increased the levels of lysosome-associated membrane protein 2 (LAMP2) and the mature form of cathepsin D (matu-CTSD), and alleviated the abnormally elevated levels of microtubule-associated protein 1A/B-light chain 3 (LC3)-II and sequestosome 1 (P62) in spinal nerve-injured rats. HF-SCS also mostly restored the immunoreactivity of LAMP2, which was localized in neurons in the superficial layers of the spinal dorsal horn in spinal nerve-injured rats. In addition, intraperitoneal administration of 15 mg/kg chloroquine for 60 minutes reversed the expression of the aforementioned proteins and shortened the timing of the analgesic effects of HF-SCS. These findings suggest that HF-SCS may exhibit long-lasting analgesic effects on neuropathic pain in rats through improving lysosomal dysfunction and alleviating autophagic flux. This study was approved by the Laboratory Animal Ethics Committee of China Medical University, Shenyang, China (approval No. 2017PS196K) on March 1, 2017.
journal_name
Neural Regen Resjournal_title
Neural regeneration researchauthors
Wang ZB,Liu YD,Wang S,Zhao Pdoi
10.4103/1673-5374.317989keywords:
["autolysosome","dorsal horn of spinal cord","dysfunction","electrical stimulation","high-frequency spinal cord stimulation","neuropathic pain","spinal nerve ligation\n"]subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2022-02-01 00:00:00pages
370-377issue
2eissn
1673-5374issn
1876-7958pii
NeuralRegenRes_2022_17_2_370_317989journal_volume
17pub_type
杂志文章abstract::The prevalence of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and high-risk human papilloma virus (HPV) infections in patients with oral cancer in Okinawa, southwest islands of Japan, has led to the hypothesis that carcinogenesis is related to EBV and HPV co-infection. To explore the mechanisms of transformation induced by EBV and HPV c...
journal_title:Neural regeneration research
pub_type:
doi:10.3969/j.issn.1673-5374.2012.18.011
更新日期:2012-06-25 00:00:00
abstract::Tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) is a multisystemic inherited autosomal dominant disease characterized by the development of hamartomas in the brain and kidneys. In about 2% of patients, polycystic kidney disease is present, which may result in different stages of renal insufficiency. Acute kidney failure has not been...
journal_title:Neural regeneration research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.4103/1673-5374.128238
更新日期:2014-02-15 00:00:00
abstract::Proteoglycans in the central nervous system play integral roles as "traffic signals" for the direction of neurite outgrowth. This attribute of proteoglycans is a major factor in regeneration of the injured central nervous system. In this review, the structures of proteoglycans and the evidence suggesting their involve...
journal_title:Neural regeneration research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3969/j.issn.1673-5374.2013.01.007
更新日期:2013-01-05 00:00:00
abstract::Proteoglycans in the central nervous system play integral roles as "traffic signals" for the direction of neurite outgrowth. This attribute of proteoglycans is a major factor in regeneration of the injured central nervous system. In this review, the structures of proteoglycans and the evidence suggesting their involve...
journal_title:Neural regeneration research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3969/j.issn.1673-5374.2013.10.005
更新日期:2013-04-05 00:00:00
abstract::Proteoglycans in the central nervous system play integral roles as "traffic signals" for the direction of neurite outgrowth. This attribute of proteoglycans is a major factor in regeneration of the injured central nervous system. In this review, the structures of proteoglycans and the evidence suggesting their involve...
journal_title:Neural regeneration research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3969/j.issn.1673-5374.2013.11.004
更新日期:2013-04-15 00:00:00
abstract::Proteoglycans in the central nervous system play integral roles as "traffic signals" for the direction of neurite outgrowth. This attribute of proteoglycans is a major factor in regeneration of the injured central nervous system. In this review, the structures of proteoglycans and the evidence suggesting their involve...
journal_title:Neural regeneration research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3969/j.issn.1673-5374.2013.12.003
更新日期:2013-04-25 00:00:00
abstract::Proteoglycans in the central nervous system play integral roles as "traffic signals" for the direction of neurite outgrowth. This attribute of proteoglycans is a major factor in regeneration of the injured central nervous system. In this review, the structures of proteoglycans and the evidence suggesting their involve...
journal_title:Neural regeneration research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3969/j.issn.1673-5374.2013.13.003
更新日期:2013-05-05 00:00:00
abstract::Proteoglycans in the central nervous system play integral roles as "traffic signals" for the direction of neurite outgrowth. This attribute of proteoglycans is a major factor in regeneration of the injured central nervous system. In this review, the structures of proteoglycans and the evidence suggesting their involve...
journal_title:Neural regeneration research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3969/j.issn.1673-5374.2013.14.004
更新日期:2013-05-15 00:00:00
abstract::Proteoglycans in the central nervous system play integral roles as "traffic signals" for the direction of neurite outgrowth. This attribute of proteoglycans is a major factor in regeneration of the injured central nervous system. In this review, the structures of proteoglycans and the evidence suggesting their involve...
journal_title:Neural regeneration research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3969/j.issn.1673-5374.2013.15.004
更新日期:2013-05-25 00:00:00
abstract::Proteoglycans in the central nervous system play integral roles as "traffic signals" for the direction of neurite outgrowth. This attribute of proteoglycans is a major factor in regeneration of the injured central nervous system. In this review, the structures of proteoglycans and the evidence suggesting their involve...
journal_title:Neural regeneration research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3969/j.issn.1673-5374.2013.16.003
更新日期:2013-06-05 00:00:00
abstract::Proteoglycans in the central nervous system play integral roles as "traffic signals" for the direction of neurite outgrowth. This attribute of proteoglycans is a major factor in regeneration of the injured central nervous system. In this review, the structures of proteoglycans and the evidence suggesting their involve...
journal_title:Neural regeneration research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3969/j.issn.1673-5374.2013.17.004
更新日期:2013-06-15 00:00:00
abstract::Proteoglycans in the central nervous system play integral roles as "traffic signals" for the direction of neurite outgrowth. This attribute of proteoglycans is a major factor in regeneration of the injured central nervous system. In this review, the structures of proteoglycans and the evidence suggesting their involve...
journal_title:Neural regeneration research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3969/j.issn.1673-5374.2013.18.003
更新日期:2013-06-25 00:00:00
abstract::Proteoglycans in the central nervous system play integral roles as "traffic signals" for the direction of neurite outgrowth. This attribute of proteoglycans is a major factor in regeneration of the injured central nervous system. In this review, the structures of proteoglycans and the evidence suggesting their involve...
journal_title:Neural regeneration research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3969/j.issn.1673-5374.2013.19.003
更新日期:2013-07-05 00:00:00
abstract::Proteoglycans in the central nervous system play integral roles as "traffic signals" for the direction of neurite outgrowth. This attribute of proteoglycans is a major factor in regeneration of the injured central nervous system. In this review, the structures of proteoglycans and the evidence suggesting their involve...
journal_title:Neural regeneration research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3969/j.issn.1673-5374.2013.02.004
更新日期:2013-01-15 00:00:00
abstract::Proteoglycans in the central nervous system play integral roles as "traffic signals" for the direction of neurite outgrowth. This attribute of proteoglycans is a major factor in regeneration of the injured central nervous system. In this review, the structures of proteoglycans and the evidence suggesting their involve...
journal_title:Neural regeneration research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3969/j.issn.1673-5374.2013.20.002
更新日期:2013-07-15 00:00:00
abstract::Proteoglycans in the central nervous system play integral roles as "traffic signals" for the direction of neurite outgrowth. This attribute of proteoglycans is a major factor in regeneration of the injured central nervous system. In this review, the structures of proteoglycans and the evidence suggesting their involve...
journal_title:Neural regeneration research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3969/j.issn.1673-5374.2013.21.002
更新日期:2013-07-25 00:00:00
abstract::Proteoglycans in the central nervous system play integral roles as "traffic signals" for the direction of neurite outgrowth. This attribute of proteoglycans is a major factor in regeneration of the injured central nervous system. In this review, the structures of proteoglycans and the evidence suggesting their involve...
journal_title:Neural regeneration research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3969/j.issn.1673-5374.2013.22.003
更新日期:2013-08-05 00:00:00
abstract::Proteoglycans in the central nervous system play integral roles as "traffic signals" for the direction of neurite outgrowth. This attribute of proteoglycans is a major factor in regeneration of the injured central nervous system. In this review, the structures of proteoglycans and the evidence suggesting their involve...
journal_title:Neural regeneration research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3969/j.issn.1673-5374.2013.23.003
更新日期:2013-08-15 00:00:00
abstract::Proteoglycans in the central nervous system play integral roles as "traffic signals" for the direction of neurite outgrowth. This attribute of proteoglycans is a major factor in regeneration of the injured central nervous system. In this review, the structures of proteoglycans and the evidence suggesting their involve...
journal_title:Neural regeneration research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3969/j.issn.1673-5374.2013.24.002
更新日期:2013-08-25 00:00:00
abstract::Proteoglycans in the central nervous system play integral roles as "traffic signals" for the direction of neurite outgrowth. This attribute of proteoglycans is a major factor in regeneration of the injured central nervous system. In this review, the structures of proteoglycans and the evidence suggesting their involve...
journal_title:Neural regeneration research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3969/j.issn.1673-5374.2013.25.003
更新日期:2013-09-05 00:00:00
abstract::Proteoglycans in the central nervous system play integral roles as "traffic signals" for the direction of neurite outgrowth. This attribute of proteoglycans is a major factor in regeneration of the injured central nervous system. In this review, the structures of proteoglycans and the evidence suggesting their involve...
journal_title:Neural regeneration research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3969/j.issn.1673-5374.2013.26.003
更新日期:2013-09-15 00:00:00
abstract::Proteoglycans in the central nervous system play integral roles as "traffic signals" for the direction of neurite outgrowth. This attribute of proteoglycans is a major factor in regeneration of the injured central nervous system. In this review, the structures of proteoglycans and the evidence suggesting their involve...
journal_title:Neural regeneration research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3969/j.issn.1673-5374.2013.27.003
更新日期:2013-09-25 00:00:00
abstract::Proteoglycans in the central nervous system play integral roles as "traffic signals" for the direction of neurite outgrowth. This attribute of proteoglycans is a major factor in regeneration of the injured central nervous system. In this review, the structures of proteoglycans and the evidence suggesting their involve...
journal_title:Neural regeneration research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3969/j.issn.1673-5374.2013.28.003
更新日期:2013-10-05 00:00:00
abstract::Proteoglycans in the central nervous system play integral roles as "traffic signals" for the direction of neurite outgrowth. This attribute of proteoglycans is a major factor in regeneration of the injured central nervous system. In this review, the structures of proteoglycans and the evidence suggesting their involve...
journal_title:Neural regeneration research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3969/j.issn.1673-5374.2013.29.003
更新日期:2013-10-15 00:00:00
abstract::Proteoglycans in the central nervous system play integral roles as "traffic signals" for the direction of neurite outgrowth. This attribute of proteoglycans is a major factor in regeneration of the injured central nervous system. In this review, the structures of proteoglycans and the evidence suggesting their involve...
journal_title:Neural regeneration research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3969/j.issn.1673-5374.2013.03.004
更新日期:2013-01-25 00:00:00
abstract::Proteoglycans in the central nervous system play integral roles as "traffic signals" for the direction of neurite outgrowth. This attribute of proteoglycans is a major factor in regeneration of the injured central nervous system. In this review, the structures of proteoglycans and the evidence suggesting their involve...
journal_title:Neural regeneration research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3969/j.issn.1673-5374.2013.30.003
更新日期:2013-10-25 00:00:00
abstract::Proteoglycans in the central nervous system play integral roles as "traffic signals" for the direction of neurite outgrowth. This attribute of proteoglycans is a major factor in regeneration of the injured central nervous system. In this review, the structures of proteoglycans and the evidence suggesting their involve...
journal_title:Neural regeneration research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3969/j.issn.1673-5374.2013.31.004
更新日期:2013-11-05 00:00:00
abstract::Proteoglycans in the central nervous system play integral roles as "traffic signals" for the direction of neurite outgrowth. This attribute of proteoglycans is a major factor in regeneration of the injured central nervous system. In this review, the structures of proteoglycans and the evidence suggesting their involve...
journal_title:Neural regeneration research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3969/j.issn.1673-5374.2013.32.005
更新日期:2013-11-15 00:00:00
abstract::Proteoglycans in the central nervous system play integral roles as "traffic signals" for the direction of neurite outgrowth. This attribute of proteoglycans is a major factor in regeneration of the injured central nervous system. In this review, the structures of proteoglycans and the evidence suggesting their involve...
journal_title:Neural regeneration research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3969/j.issn.1673-5374.2013.33.005
更新日期:2013-11-25 00:00:00
abstract::Proteoglycans in the central nervous system play integral roles as "traffic signals" for the direction of neurite outgrowth. This attribute of proteoglycans is a major factor in regeneration of the injured central nervous system. In this review, the structures of proteoglycans and the evidence suggesting their involve...
journal_title:Neural regeneration research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3969/j.issn.1673-5374.2013.34.005
更新日期:2013-12-05 00:00:00