当前位置： SCI文献检索 > JMIR mHealth and uHealth期刊下所有文献 > Cognition in Context: Understanding the Everyday Predictors of Cognitive Performance in a New Era of Measurement.

Cognition in Context: Understanding the Everyday Predictors of Cognitive Performance in a New Era of Measurement.

Abstract：

BACKGROUND:Research suggests that variability in attention and working memory scores, as seen across time points, may be a sensitive indicator of impairment compared with a singular score at one point in time. Given that fluctuation in cognitive performance is a meaningful metric of real-world function and trajectory, it is valuable to understand the internal state-based and environmental factors that could be driving these fluctuations in performance. OBJECTIVE:In this viewpoint, we argue for the use of repeated mobile assessment as a way to better understand how context shapes moment-to-moment cognitive performance. To elucidate potential factors that give rise to intraindividual variability, we highlight existing literature that has linked both internal and external modifying variables to a number of cognitive domains. We identify ways in which these variables could be measured using mobile assessment to capture them in ecologically meaningful settings (ie, in daily life). Finally, we describe a number of studies that have already begun to use mobile assessment to measure changes in real time cognitive performance in people's daily environments and the ways in which this burgeoning methodology may continue to advance the field. METHODS:This paper describes selected literature on contextual factors that examined how experimentally induced or self-reported contextual variables (ie, affect, motivation, time of day, environmental noise, physical activity, and social activity) related to tests of cognitive performance. We also selected papers that used mobile assessment of cognition; these papers were chosen for their use of high-frequency time-series measurement of cognition using a mobile device. RESULTS:Upon review of the relevant literature, it is evident that contextual factors have the potential to meaningfully impact cognitive performance when measured in laboratory and daily life environments. Although this research has shed light on the question of what gives rise to real-life variability in cognitive function (eg, affect and activity), many of the studies were limited by traditional methods of data collection (eg, involving retrospective recall). Furthermore, cognition has often been measured in one domain or in one age group, which does not allow us to extrapolate results to other cognitive domains and across the life span. On the basis of the literature reviewed, mobile assessment of cognition shows high levels of feasibility and validity and could be a useful method for capturing individual cognitive variability in real-world contexts via passive and active measures. CONCLUSIONS:We propose that, through the use of mobile assessment, there is an opportunity to combine multiple sources of contextual and cognitive data. These data have the potential to provide individualized digital signatures that could improve diagnostic precision and lead to meaningful clinical outcomes in a wide range of psychiatric and neurological disorders.

journal_name

JMIR Mhealth Uhealth

journal_title

JMIR mHealth and uHealth

authors

Weizenbaum E,Torous J,Fulford D

doi

10.2196/14328

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2020-07-23 00:00:00

pages

e14328

issue

issn

2291-5222

pii

v8i7e14328

journal_volume

pub_type

杂志文章

在线工具

Cognition in Context: Understanding the Everyday Predictors of Cognitive Performance in a New Era of Measurement.